chaoptin, prominin, eyes shut and crumbs form a genetic network controlling the apical compartment of Drosophila photoreceptor cells

ABSTRACT The apical surface of epithelial cells is often highly specialised to fulfil cell type-specific functions. Many epithelial cells expand their apical surface by forming microvilli, actin-based, finger-like membrane protrusions. The apical surface of Drosophila photoreceptor cells (PRCs) forms tightly packed microvilli, which are organised into the photosensitive rhabdomeres. As previously shown, the GPI-anchored adhesion protein Chaoptin is required for the stability of the microvilli, whereas the transmembrane protein Crumbs is essential for proper rhabdomere morphogenesis. Here we show that chaoptin synergises with crumbs to ensure optimal rhabdomere width. In addition, reduction of crumbs ameliorates morphogenetic defects observed in PRCs mutant for prominin and eyes shut, known antagonists of chaoptin. These results suggest that these four genes provide a balance of adhesion and anti-adhesion to maintain microvilli development and maintenance. Similar to crumbs mutant PRCs, PRCs devoid of prominin or eyes shut undergo light-dependent retinal degeneration. Given the observation that human orthologues of crumbs, prominin and eyes shut result in progressive retinal degeneration and blindness, the Drosophila eye is ideally suited to unravel the genetic and cellular mechanisms that ensure morphogenesis of PRCs and their maintenance under light-mediated stress.

• Publication year

  2014

• Venue

  Biology Open

• Publication date

  2014-04-04

• Fields of study

  Biology, Medicine

• Identifiers
  DOI 10.1242/bio.20147310PMID 24705015PMCID 4021355
• External record

  Open on Semantic Scholar

• Source metadata

  Semantic Scholar, PubMed

• Photoreceptor cells lacking prominin or eyes shut undergo light-dependent retinal degeneration, like crumbs mutant photoreceptor cells.

  Confidence 0.92

  박진우 (dztg5apj7m) extractionB (s683577b42) reviewAnonymous (12632b8b5f) reviewAK (4715169a40) review
• chaoptin, prominin, eyes shut and crumbs together form a balance of adhesion and anti-adhesion that supports microvilli development and maintenance.

  Confidence 0.95

  박진우 (dztg5apj7m) extractionB (s683577b42) reviewAnonymous (12632b8b5f) reviewAK (4715169a40) review
• Reducing crumbs ameliorates the morphogenetic defects seen in prominin and eyes shut mutant photoreceptor cells.

  Confidence 0.96

  박진우 (dztg5apj7m) extractionB (s683577b42) reviewAnonymous (12632b8b5f) reviewAK (4715169a40) review
• chaoptin synergises with crumbs to ensure optimal rhabdomere width.

  Confidence 0.98

  박진우 (dztg5apj7m) extractionB (s683577b42) reviewAnonymous (12632b8b5f) reviewAK (4715169a40) review

• chaoptin

  protein

  A GPI-anchored adhesion protein in Drosophila photoreceptor cells that is part of the apical microvillar network discussed in the abstract.

  박진우 (dztg5apj7m) extractionB (s683577b42) reviewAnonymous (12632b8b5f) reviewAK (4715169a40) review
• crumbs

  protein

  A transmembrane protein in Drosophila photoreceptor cells that localizes to the apical compartment and is implicated in rhabdomere morphogenesis.

  박진우 (dztg5apj7m) extractionB (s683577b42) reviewAnonymous (12632b8b5f) reviewAK (4715169a40) review
• eyes shut

  gene, protein

  A Drosophila gene and associated protein examined with prominin and crumbs in photoreceptor apical morphogenesis and degeneration.

  박진우 (dztg5apj7m) extractionB (s683577b42) reviewAnonymous (12632b8b5f) reviewAK (4715169a40) review
• microvilli

  cell structure

  Actin-based finger-like membrane protrusions that expand the apical surface of epithelial cells and form the rhabdomere in photoreceptors.

  박진우 (dztg5apj7m) extractionB (s683577b42) reviewAnonymous (12632b8b5f) reviewAK (4715169a40) review
• prominin

  gene, protein

  A Drosophila gene and associated membrane protein examined as part of the genetic network acting in photoreceptor apical organization.

  박진우 (dztg5apj7m) extractionB (s683577b42) reviewAnonymous (12632b8b5f) reviewAK (4715169a40) review
• rhabdomere

  cell structure

  The photosensitive, microvilli-rich apical compartment of Drosophila photoreceptor cells.

  박진우 (dztg5apj7m) extractionB (s683577b42) reviewAnonymous (12632b8b5f) reviewAK (4715169a40) review

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