STATUS HIPEROSMOLAR HIPERGLIKEMIK

Hyperglycemia crisis is an acute complication that can occur in diabetes mellitus (DM), type 1 and type 2. The condition is a serious complication that may occur even in well-controlled diabetes. Condition of hyperosmolar hyperglycemic state (HHS) is an acute metabolic disorder that can occur in patients with DM, which is characterized by hyperglycemia, hyperosmolar and dehydration without ketoacidosis. The crisis of hyperglycemia in type 2 diabetes usually occurs because of there are circumstances that cause. Hyperglycemia crisis precipitating factors include infection, acute vascular disease, trauma, burns, gastrointestinal disorders (acute pancreatitis, acute cholecystitis) and drugs. Hyperosmolar hyperglicemic state pathophysiology is characterized by a deficiency of insulin concentration relative, but adequate to inhibit lipolysis and ketogenesis. Diagnosis will be found from the anamnesis like polyuria, polydipsia, polyphagia and weight loss lasts a few days to several weeks. Physical examination usually patients with mental status stupor or coma accompanied by severe dehydration and in the investigation found plasma glucose of more than 600 mg/dL, more than arterial pH 7.3, with a mild urinary ketones exceeding osmolality serum of 320 mOsm/kg. The goal of therapy is to ensure that the volume HHS circulation and tissue perfusion, a gradual decrease in glucose serum  levels and plasma osmolality, correction of electrolyte imbalances, addressing precipitating factors and monitoring and intervention on cardiovascular function disorders, lung, kidney and central nervous system. Complications in a hyperglycemic crisis due to HHS because of side effects of the treatment process is hypoglycemia in relation to the provision of excess insulin, hypokalemia in connection with the administration of insulin. HHS cerebral edema is a complication that is characterized by decreased level of consciousness, appear weak and headaches.

• Publication year

  2017

• Venue

  Medicina-buenos Aires

• Publication date

  2017-01-16

• Fields of study

  Medicine

• Identifiers
  DOI 10.15562/MEDICINA.V48I1.25
• External record

  Open on Semantic Scholar

• Source metadata

  Semantic Scholar

• No claims are published for this paper.

• No concepts are published for this paper.

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