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Energy-Efficient Downlink Transmission for Multicell Massive DAS With Pilot Contamination

Jun Zuo,Jun Zhang,C. Yuen,Wei Jiang,Wu Luo

Published 2016 in IEEE Transactions on Vehicular Technology

ABSTRACT

In this paper, we study the energy efficiency (EE) of a downlink multicell massive distributed antenna system (DAS) in the presence of pilot contamination (PC), where the antennas are clustered on the remote radio heads (RRHs). We employ a practical power consumption model by considering the transmit power, the circuit power, and the backhaul power, in contrast to most of the existing works which focus on colocated antenna systems (CASs), where the backhaul power is negligible. For a given average user rate, we consider the problem of maximizing the EE with respect to the number of antennas of each RRH <inline-formula><tex-math notation="LaTeX">$n$</tex-math></inline-formula>, the number of RRHs <inline-formula><tex-math notation="LaTeX">$M$</tex-math></inline-formula>, and the number of users <inline-formula><tex-math notation="LaTeX">$K$</tex-math></inline-formula> and study the impact of system parameters on the optimal <inline-formula><tex-math notation="LaTeX">$n$</tex-math></inline-formula>, <inline-formula><tex-math notation="LaTeX">$M$</tex-math></inline-formula>, and <inline-formula><tex-math notation="LaTeX">$K$</tex-math></inline-formula>. Specifically, by applying random matrix theory, we derive the closed-form expressions of the optimal <inline-formula><tex-math notation="LaTeX">$n$</tex-math></inline-formula> and find the solution of the optimal <inline-formula><tex-math notation="LaTeX">$M$</tex-math></inline-formula> and <inline-formula><tex-math notation="LaTeX">$K$</tex-math></inline-formula> under a simplified channel model with maximum ratio transmission. From the results, we find that, to achieve the optimal EE, a large number of antennas is needed for a given user rate and PC. As the number of users increases, EE can be improved further by having more RRHs and antennas. Moreover, if the backhauling power is not large, a massive DAS can be more energy efficient than a massive CAS. These insights provide a useful guide to the practical deployment of massive DASs.

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