Kinetin and spermine mediated induction of salt tolerance in wheat plants: Leaf area, photosynthesis and chloroplast ultrastructure of flag leaf at ear emergence

Abstract The antagonistic effects of kinetin and spermine on stress imposed by seawater on leaf area, pigment, Hill reaction, 14CO2 fixation and chloroplast ultrastructure of wheat flag leaf were investigated. Irrigation of wheat plants by seawater at 25% caused marked decrease in leaf area, pigment content, Hill activity and photosynthetic efficiency of wheat flag leaf at ear emergence. Grain priming with kinetin, spermine or their interaction alleviated the adverse effect of seawater stress by stimulating leaf area expansion, pigment production as well as photosynthetic activity. From transmission electron microscopy micrographs, a continuous “end-to-end” distribution of regular (oval or elliptical) chloroplasts around the cell's periphery was observed in flag leaf mesophyll cells of control wheat plants. Conversely for seawater-stressed plants, the irregular spherical chloroplasts appeared “bulbous” and discrete, the cells also displayed extensive but thin peripheral cytoplasmic regions devoid of chloroplasts. Grain presoaking in 0.1 mM kinetin caused the chloroplast of stressed wheat plants to be more regular, with organized membrane system, large starch grains and projections in the form of tails. Furthermore, ultrastructure analysis cleared that grain priming with spermine, either alone or in combination with kinetin, caused the chloroplast in flag leaf mesophyll cells of stressed wheat plants to be more regular in shape with more starch grains. The changes in pigment content and photosynthetic activity of flag leaf appeared to depend mainly on chloroplast ultrastructure and its numbers, showing a positive correlation between chloroplasts number and pigment content.

• Publication year

  2014

• Venue

  Egyptian Journal of Basic and Applied Sciences

• Publication date

  2014-06-01

• Fields of study

  Agricultural and Food Sciences, Biology, Environmental Science

• Identifiers
  DOI 10.1016/j.ejbas.2014.03.002
• External record

  Open on Semantic Scholar

• Source metadata

  Semantic Scholar

• No claims are published for this paper.

• No concepts are published for this paper.

• Does exogenous application of kinetin and spermine mitigate the effect of seawater on yield attributes and biochemical aspects of grains

  2013cited by this paper
• Effects of exogenous spermidine on photosynthesis, xanthophyll cycle and endogenous polyamines in cucumber seedlings exposed to salinity

  2012influential reference
• Growth and photosynthetic characteristics of Nigella sativa L. as affected by presowing seed treatment with kinetin

  2011cited by this paper
• Kinetin improves photosynthetic and antioxidant responses of Nigella sativa to counteract salt stress

  2011cited by this paper
• Effects of salt stress on photosystem II efficiency and CO2 assimilation of two Syrian barley landraces

  2011influential reference
• Amelioration of salinity stress by exogenously applied spermidine or spermine in three varieties of indica rice differing in their level of salt tolerance.

  2011cited by this paper
• Chlorophyll a fluorescence study revealing effects of high salt stress on Photosystem II in wheat leaves.

  2010cited by this paper
• The role of plasma membrane H+-ATPase and apoplastic pH in adaptation of maize (Zea mays) to salt stress

  2009cited by this paper
• Using excised leaves to screen lucerne for salt tolerance

  2009cited by this paper
• Assessment of salinity effects and vegetation stress, West of Suez Canal, Egypt using remote sensing techniques.

  2009cited by this paper
• Interactive effects of NaCl salinity and elevated atmospheric CO2 concentration on growth, photosynthesis, water relations and chemical composition of the potential cash crop halophyte Aster tripolium L.

  2009cited by this paper
• PHYSIOLOGICAL RESPONSES OF WHEAT PLANT TO FOLIAR TREATMENTS WITH ARGININE OR PUTRESCINE

  2008cited by this paper
• Cytokinin Stimulates Chloroplast Transcription in Detached Barley Leaves1[OA]

  2008cited by this paper
• The Interaction Effects of Flooding and Kinetin on Growth Criteria, Chlorophyll Content, and 5-Aminolevulinic Acid Dehydratase Activity in Corn Seedlings

  2008cited by this paper
• Photosynthesis and photosystem 2 efficiency of two salt-adapted halophytic seashore Cakile maritima ecotypes

  2008cited by this paper
• Effects of salinity on photosynthetic pigments, respiration, and water content in two barley varieties.

  2008cited by this paper
• Effect of kinetin on the state of the protochlorophyll pigment in the inner membrane system of etioplasts

  2008cited by this paper
• Photosynthetic acclimation to high temperatures associated with heat tolerance in creeping bentgrass.

  2008cited by this paper
• Soil Salinity Alters Growth, Chlorophyll Content, and Secondary Metabolite Accumulation in Catharanthus roseus

  2008cited by this paper
• Polyamines and their ability to provide environmental stress tolerance to plants

  2007cited by this paper
• Salt stress impact on the molecular structure and function of the photosynthetic apparatus--the protective role of polyamines.

  2007influential reference
• Cytokinin promotes catalase and ascorbate peroxidase activities and preserves the chloroplast integrity during dark-senescence.

  2007cited by this paper
• Wheat seed priming in relation to salt tolerance: growth, yield and levels of free salicylic acid and polyamines

  2006influential reference
• Plasticity to soil water deficit in Arabidopsis thaliana: dissection of leaf development into underlying growth dynamic and cellular variables reveals invisible phenotypes.

  2006cited by this paper
• Salt tolerance and salinity effects on plants: a review.

  2005cited by this paper
• Effects of salinity stress on PSII in Ulva lactuca as probed by chlorophyll fluorescence measurements

  2004influential reference
• Effect of reduced arginine decarboxylase activity on salt tolerance and on polyamine formation during salt stress in Arabidopsis thaliana.

  2004cited by this paper
• Photosynthesis and activity of superoxide dismutase, peroxidase and glutathione reductase in cotton under salt stress

  2003cited by this paper
• Protective role of exogenous polyamines on salinity-stressed rice (Oryza sativa) plants.

  2002influential reference
• Limitation to photosynthesis in water-stressed leaves: stomata vs. metabolism and the role of ATP.

  2002cited by this paper
• Effect of kinetin on photosynthetic activity and carbohydrate content in waterlogged or seawater-treated Vigna sinensis and Zea mays plants

  2002cited by this paper
• Leaf water status controls day-time but not daily rates of leaf expansion in salt-treated barley

  2000cited by this paper
• Sodium chloride induced changes in leaf growth, and pigment and protein contents in two rice cultivars

  1997cited by this paper
• Effects of thermoperiod on recovery of seed germination of halophytes from saline conditions.

  1997cited by this paper
• Temperature and duration of water dips influence chilling injury, decay and polyamine content in `Fortune' mandarins

  1997cited by this paper
• Salt-induced oxidative stress in chloroplasts of pea plants

  1995cited by this paper
• Effect of growth regulators onVicia faba plants irrigated by sea water Leaf area, pigment content and photosynthetic activity

  1993influential reference
• Growth of cotton under continuous salinity stress: influence on allocation pattern, stomatal and non-stomatal components of photosynthesis and dissipation of excess light energy

  1992cited by this paper
• Exogenous ABA as a Modulator of the Response of Sorghum to High Salinity

  1990cited by this paper
• Evidence for a neckband delimiting structural and physiological regions of the host plasma membrane associated with haustoria of Albugo candida

  1983cited by this paper
• THE EFFECT OF CYTOKININS ON GROWTH and PIGMENT ACCUMULATION OF RADISH SEEDLINGS (RAPHANUS SATIVUS L.) GROWN IN THE DARK and AT DIFFERENT LIGHT QUANTA FLUENCE RATES*

  1982cited by this paper
• Genotypic Variation in Leaf Water Potential, Stomatal Conductance and Abscisic Acid Concentration in Spring Wheat Subjected to Artificial Drought Stress

  1979cited by this paper
• Surface charges on chloroplast membranes as studied by particle electrophoresis.

  1978cited by this paper
• Magnesium replacement by polyamines in higher plant cell-free polyphenylalanine synthesis

  1978cited by this paper
• Measurement of Hill reactions and photoreduction.

  1972cited by this paper
• Techniques for plant electron microscopy

  1970cited by this paper
• Techniques for plant electron microscopy: By B. E. Juniper, G. C. Cox, A. J. Gilchrist and P. R. Williams. pp. XII + 108. Price 20 shillings. Oxford and Edinburgh: Blackwells Scientific Publications

  1969cited by this paper
• THE MOLECULAR ORGANIZATION OF CHLOROPLAST MEMBRANES

  1967cited by this paper
• Statistical Methods

  1959cited by this paper
• Effect of Kinetin on Protein Content and Survival of Detached Xanthium Leaves

  1957cited by this paper
• COPPER ENZYMES IN ISOLATED CHLOROPLASTS. POLYPHENOLOXIDASE IN BETA VULGARIS.

  1949influential reference

• Thiamine and Indole-3-acetic Acid Mediated Detoxification of Arsenic in Maize to Improve Grain Proximate Components, Yield, and Nutrient Ingredients

  2025influential citation
• Genotypic Variability in Root System Architecture and Its Association With Fe and Zn Biofortification in Wheat (Triticum aestivum L.)

  2025cites this paper
• Salt stress applied to hydroponically cultivated Atriplex portulacoides 2-weeks before harvesting modulates the lipid composition, enhancing their nutritional and bioactive properties

  2025cites this paper
• Physiological and molecular analysis of salt tolerance in wheat (Triticum aestivum) recombinant inbred lines population (HD2851 × Kharchia 65)

  2025influential citation
• Improvement in genomic prediction of maize with prior gene ontology information depends on traits and environmental conditions

  2025cites this paper
• Role of Polyamines in Mitigating Salinity Stress in Ornamental and Food Crops

  2025cites this paper
• The Effect of Seed Priming with Polyamine Spermine on Key Photosynthetic Parameters in Fusarium culmorum Infected Winter Wheat

  2025cites this paper
• A review on exploring the efficiency of plant hormones on fruitfulness of perishables

  2024cites this paper
• FAST-TRACK TO BIOMASS: PROTEOMICS ANALYSIS DECIPHERS ENERGY SYNTHESIS IN SPEED-BRED WHEAT

  2024influential citation
• The potential applications of cytokinins and cytokinin oxidase/dehydrogenase inhibitors for mitigating abiotic stresses in model and non-model plant species

  2024cites this paper
• Exploring genetic variation and genetic components under salinity stress among Basmati and Non-Basmati rice (Oryza sativa L.) cultivars

  2024cites this paper
• Physio-biochemical mechanism of melatonin seed priming in stimulating growth and drought tolerance in bread wheat

  2024cites this paper
• The endosymbiont Rickettsiella viridis increases the virulence of Diuraphis noxia but reduces alate frequency

  2024influential citation
• Contribution of Antioxidant System Components to the Long-Term Physiological and Protective Effect of Salicylic Acid on Wheat under Salinity Conditions

  2024cites this paper
• Unraveling the contribution of copper seed priming in enhancing chromium tolerance in wheat by improving germination, growth, and grain yield

  2024influential citation
• Enhancing maize (Zea mays L.) tolerance to water stress using kaolin and potassium silicate as protective agents

  2024cites this paper
• Copper Oxide Nanoparticles Induced Growth and Physio-Biochemical Changes in Maize (Zea mays L.) in Saline Soil

  2024influential citation
• Agronomic Impact and Phytotoxicity of Olive Mill Wastewater as a Biofertilizer on Vicia faba L.

  2024cites this paper
• Post-stress recovery from drought and salinity in olive plants is an active process associated to physiological and metabolic changes

  2024cites this paper
• Elucidating the protective role of manganese seed priming in mitigating lead-induced oxidative stress: enhancements in growth, grain yield, and antioxidant activities of wheat

  2024influential citation
• Metarhizium anisopliae seed priming alleviates drought-induced oxidative stress and improves growth of barley (Hordeum vulgare L.)

  2024cites this paper
• Metarhizium anisopliae (MetA1) seed priming improves photosynthesis, growth, plant defense and yield of wheat under drought stress.

  2024cites this paper
• Exploring the relationship between deep roots and shoot growth of wheat under different soil moisture: A large soil column experiment 1

  2023cites this paper
• Efficacy of Aspergillus tubingensis GX3′ Fermentation against Meloidogyne enterolobii in Tomato (Solanum lycopersicum L.)

  2023cites this paper
• Seed Treatment with Sodium Nitroprusside Ensures a Long-Term Physiological and Protective Effect on Wheat under Salinity

  2023cites this paper
• Foliar application of putrescine alleviates terminal drought stress by modulating water status, membrane stability, and yield- related traits in wheat (Triticum aestivum L.)

  2023cites this paper
• Interactions of Polyamines and Phytohormones in Plant Response to Abiotic Stress

  2023cites this paper
• Maize grain nutritional quality amelioration with seed-applied thiamine and indole-3-acetic acid under arsenic toxicity

  2023cites this paper
• Evaluation of potentially high yielding modern wheat cultivars for drought tolerance using key physio-biochemical and morphological indicators

  2023cites this paper
• Pruning and green manure from Alnus acuminata improve soil health, and potato and wheat productivity in Rwanda

  2023influential citation
• How Does Zinc Improve Salinity Tolerance? Mechanisms and Future Prospects

  2023cites this paper
• GWAS for Early-Establishment QTLs and Their Linkage to Major Phenology-Affecting Genes (Vrn, Ppd, and Eps) in Bread Wheat

  2023cites this paper
• Comparative genetic, biochemical and physiological analysis of sodium and chlorine in wheat

  2022cites this paper
• Effects of high salinity on photosynthesis characteristics, leaf histological components and chloroplasts ultrastructure of Avicennia marina seedlings

  2022cites this paper
• Mitigation of Negative Effects of Chromium (VI) Toxicity in Faba Bean (Vicia faba) Plants through the Supplementation of Kinetin (KN) and Gibberellic Acid (GA3)

  2022cites this paper
• PURSUIT OF THE STRIPE RUST (PUCCINIA STRIIFORMIS F. SP. TRITICI (PST) DISEASE RESISTANCE AND ITS RELATION WITH MORPHOLOGICAL ATTRIBUTES IN WHEAT (TRITICUM AESTIVUM L.)

  2022influential citation
• Involvement of ethylene in melatonin-modified photosynthetic-N use efficiency and antioxidant activity to improve photosynthesis of salt grown wheat.

  2022cites this paper
• Role of beneficial microbial gene pool in mitigating salt/nutrient stress of plants in saline soil through underground phytostimulating signalling molecules: A review

  2022cites this paper
• Study of The Effect of Salt Stress and Kinetin and Their Interaction on The Growth and Yield of Wheat (Triticum Aestivum L.)

  2021cites this paper
• Kinetin mitigates Cd-induced damagesto growth, photosynthesis and PS II photochemistry of Trigonella seedlings by up-regulating ascorbate-glutathione cycle

  2021cites this paper
• Effects of Salinity Stress on Chloroplast Structure and Function

  2021cites this paper
• Mitigating Soil Salinity Stress with Gypsum and Bio-Organic Amendments: A Review

  2021cites this paper
• Coordinated Role of Nitric Oxide, Ethylene, Nitrogen, and Sulfur in Plant Salt Stress Tolerance

  2021cites this paper
• Effects of Salt Stress on Osmolyte Metabolism of Crop Plants and Mitigating Strategy by Osmolyte

  2021cites this paper
• Study of Combine Effect with Fly Ash and Cow Dung Amendment on Morphological Status of Indian Wheat Plant (Triticum aestivum L.)

  2021cites this paper
• 6-Benzylaminopurine Alleviates the Impact of Cu2+ Toxicity on Photosynthetic Performance of Ricinus communis L. Seedlings

  2021influential citation
• RELATIONSHIP BETWEEN LEAF AREA SURFACE, CHLOROPHYLL CONCENTRATION AND YIELD COMPONENTS IN SPRING WHEAT

  2021influential citation
• Combined Kinetin and Spermidine Treatments Ameliorate Growth and Photosynthetic Inhibition in Vigna angularis by Up-Regulating Antioxidant and Nitrogen Metabolism under Cadmium Stress

  2020cites this paper
• Exogenous application of spermidine (SPD) and wood vinegar improves salt tolerance in salt-sensitive rice (Oryza sativa L.)

  2020influential citation
• Physiological and Biochemical Bases of Foliar Silicon-Induced Alleviation of Cadmium Toxicity in Wheat

  2020influential citation
• Use of Phytohormones in Conferring Tolerance to Environmental Stress

  2020cites this paper
• Insights into the Physiological and Biochemical Impacts of Salt Stress on Plant Growth and Development

  2020cites this paper
• Effect of Magnetic Brackish-Water Treatments on Morphology, Anatomy and Yield Productivity of Wheat (Triticum Aestivum

  2019influential citation
• Wheat biological responses to stress caused by cadmium, nickel and lead.

  2019cites this paper
• EFFICACY OF PENICILLIUM CHRYSOGENUM STRAIN SNEF1216 AGAINST ROOT-KNOT NEMATODES (MELOIDOGYNE INCOGNITA) IN CUCUMBER (CUCUMIS SATIVUS L.) UNDER GREENHOUSE CONDITIONS

  2019cites this paper
• Relationship between Flag Leaf Characteristics and Main Yield Components in Oat (Avena sativa L.)

  2019influential citation
• Cytokinins, the Cinderella of plant growth regulators

  2019cites this paper
• PARASITIC ACTIVITY OF POWDERY MILDEW (PATHOGEN STRAIN HMLAC226) ON PROSTRATE KNOTWEED ( POLYGONUM AVICULARE L.) AT VARIOUS LOCATIONS OF SHENYANG, NORTHEAST CHINA

  2019cites this paper
• Molecular response of wheat to Bipolaris sorokiniana under nitrogen stress

  2019cites this paper
• EFFICACY OF POSTEMERGENCE HERBICIDES FOR CONTROLLING CURLED DOCK (RUMEX CRISPUS L.) IN WHEAT CROPS

  2019influential citation
• PARASITIC ACTIVITY OF POWDERY MILDEW (PATHOGEN STRAIN HMLAC226) ON PROSTRATE KNOTWEED (POLYGONUM AVICULARE L.) AT VARIOUS LOCATIONS OF SHENYANG, NORTHEAST CHINA

  2019cites this paper
• Kinetin Regulates UV-B-Induced Damage to Growth, Photosystem II Photochemistry, and Nitrogen Metabolism in Tomato Seedlings

  2018cites this paper
• Kinetin and Indole Acetic Acid Promote Antioxidant Defense System and Reduce Oxidative Stress in Maize (Zea mays L.) Plants Grown at Boron Toxicity

  2018cites this paper
• Potential of exogenously sourced kinetin in protecting Solanum lycopersicum from NaCl-induced oxidative stress through up-regulation of the antioxidant system, ascorbate-glutathione cycle and glyoxalase system

  2018cites this paper
• Imperative roles of halotolerant plant growth-promoting rhizobacteria and kinetin in improving salt tolerance and growth of black gram (Phaseolus mungo)

  2018cites this paper
• COMPARATIVE STUDY ON THE GROWTH RESPONSE AND REMEDIATION POTENTIAL OF PANICUM MAXIMUM AND AXONOPUS COMPRESSUS IN LEAD CONTAMINATED SOIL

  2018cites this paper
• Initiation of a wheat pre-breeding effort aimed at yield improvement using male-sterility marker assisted recurrent selection

  2018cites this paper
• Effectiveness of plant growth regulators on emission reduction of greenhouse gas (Nitrous oxide): An approach for cleaner environment

  2018cites this paper
• Recent Advances in Abiotic Stress Tolerance of Plants Through Chemical Priming: An Overview

  2018cites this paper
• Cadmium toxicity and its amelioration by kinetin in tomato seedlings vis-à-vis ascorbate-glutathione cycle.

  2018cites this paper
• EFFECT OF LEAF RUST DISEASE ON VARIOUS MORPHO-PHYSIOLOGICAL AND YIELD ATTRIBUTES IN BREAD WHEAT

  2017influential citation
• Role of Salicylic Acid to Improve Physiological Characters and Bio-Chemical Markers of Soybean (Glycine max L.) Under Sea Salt Stress

  2017cites this paper
• Transcriptional regulation of salinity stress in plants: A short review

  2017cites this paper
• Chloroplast function and ion regulation in plants growing on saline soils: lessons from halophytes.

  2017cites this paper
• Changes in seed germination, and some physiological and ultra structural aspects of Calotropis procera seedlings under heat stress

  2016cites this paper
• photosynthesis by regulating antioxidant potential in tomato seedlings

  2016cites this paper
• Estimation of the Interaction Effect Between Salinity and Growth Regulators on Salt Tolerance of Two Bread Wheat Cultivars

  2015cites this paper
• Roles of osmoprotectants in improving salinity and drought tolerance in plants: a review

  2015cites this paper
• Efficient regeneration and Agrobacterium-mediated transformation protocol for recalcitrant indica rice (Oryza sativa L.). -

  2015cites this paper
• Impact of Seawater Salinity on Ultrastructure of Chloroplasts andOleosomes in Relation to Fat Metabolism in Flag Leaf of Two WheatCultivars During Grain-filling

  2015cites this paper
• Managing Salt Tolerance in Plants : Molecular and Genomic Perspectives

  2015cites this paper
• NaCl-induced physiological and biochemical changes in two cyanobacteria Nostoc muscorum and Phormidium foveolarum acclimatized to different photosynthetically active radiation.

  2015cites this paper
• Synergistic effect of phytohormones on pigment and fine structure of chloroplasts in flag leaf of wheat plants irrigated by seawater

  2015influential citation
• Impact of sea salt stress on growth and some physiological attributes of some soybean (Glycine Max L.) varieties.

  2015cites this paper
• Effect of NaCl and seed soaking in kinetin on growth and yield parameters of Vicia faba L

  year unknowncites this paper