DNA sequence conservation between the Bacillus anthracis pXO2 plasmid and genomic sequence from closely related bacteria

BackgroundComplete sequencing and annotation of the 96.2 kb Bacillus anthracis plasmid, pXO2, predicted 85 open reading frames (ORFs). Bacillus cereus and Bacillus thuringiensis isolates that ranged in genomic similarity to B. anthracis, as determined by amplified fragment length polymorphism (AFLP) analysis, were examined by PCR for the presence of sequences similar to 47 pXO2 ORFs.ResultsThe two most distantly related isolates examined, B. thuringiensis 33679 and B. thuringiensis AWO6, produced the greatest number of ORF sequences similar to pXO2; 10 detected in 33679 and 16 in AWO6. No more than two of the pXO2 ORFs were detected in any one of the remaining isolates. Dot-blot DNA hybridizations between pXO2 ORF fragments and total genomic DNA from AWO6 were consistent with the PCR assay results for this isolate and also revealed nine additional ORFs shared between these two bacteria. Sequences similar to the B. anthracis cap genes or their regulator, acpA, were not detected among any of the examined isolates.ConclusionsThe presence of pXO2 sequences in the other Bacillus isolates did not correlate with genomic relatedness established by AFLP analysis. The presence of pXO2 ORF sequences in other Bacillus species suggests the possibility that certain pXO2 plasmid gene functions may also be present in other closely related bacteria.

• Publication year

  2002

• Venue

  BMC Genomics

• Publication date

  2002-12-09

• Fields of study

  Biology, Medicine

• Identifiers
  DOI 10.1186/1471-2164-3-34PMID 12473162PMCID 140023
• External record

  Open on Semantic Scholar

• Source metadata

  Semantic Scholar, PubMed

• The presence of pXO2 ORF sequences in other Bacillus isolates did not correlate with genomic relatedness as measured by AFLP analysis.

  Confidence 0.95

  박진우 (dztg5apj7m) extraction뀨 (7c402c1b98) reviewmexicorea (qjvnbu8xg3) reviewAK (4715169a40) review
• Sequences similar to the B. anthracis cap genes or their regulator acpA were not detected in any of the examined isolates.

  Confidence 0.97

  박진우 (dztg5apj7m) extraction뀨 (7c402c1b98) reviewmexicorea (qjvnbu8xg3) reviewAK (4715169a40) review
• No more than two pXO2 ORFs were detected in any of the remaining isolates, indicating much lower conservation outside the two most distant B. thuringiensis strains.

  Confidence 0.96

  박진우 (dztg5apj7m) extraction뀨 (7c402c1b98) reviewmexicorea (qjvnbu8xg3) reviewAK (4715169a40) review
• The two most distantly related isolates examined, B. thuringiensis 33679 and B. thuringiensis AWO6, contained the largest numbers of sequences similar to pXO2 ORFs among the isolates tested.

  Confidence 0.98

  박진우 (dztg5apj7m) extraction뀨 (7c402c1b98) reviewmexicorea (qjvnbu8xg3) reviewAK (4715169a40) review

• acpa

  gene, regulator

  The regulator gene associated with the B. anthracis capsule locus that was also screened for conservation.

  박진우 (dztg5apj7m) extraction뀨 (7c402c1b98) reviewmexicorea (qjvnbu8xg3) reviewAK (4715169a40) review
• aflp analysis

  molecular typing method, analysis method

  Amplified fragment length polymorphism profiling used to estimate genomic relatedness among the Bacillus isolates.

  Aliases: amplified fragment length polymorphism, AFLP

  박진우 (dztg5apj7m) extraction뀨 (7c402c1b98) reviewmexicorea (qjvnbu8xg3) reviewAK (4715169a40) review
• bacillus anthracis

  bacterium, species

  The species that carries the pXO2 plasmid and serves as the reference organism for the sequence comparison.

  Aliases: B. anthracis

  박진우 (dztg5apj7m) extraction뀨 (7c402c1b98) reviewmexicorea (qjvnbu8xg3) reviewAK (4715169a40) review
• bacillus isolates

  biological samples, bacterial isolates

  The collection of Bacillus cereus and Bacillus thuringiensis strains examined for pXO2-related sequences.

  Aliases: isolates

  박진우 (dztg5apj7m) extraction뀨 (7c402c1b98) reviewmexicorea (qjvnbu8xg3) reviewAK (4715169a40) review
• bacillus thuringiensis

  bacterium, species

  A Bacillus species represented by isolates 33679 and AWO6 that were screened for pXO2-like sequences.

  Aliases: B. thuringiensis

  박진우 (dztg5apj7m) extraction뀨 (7c402c1b98) reviewmexicorea (qjvnbu8xg3) reviewAK (4715169a40) review
• cap genes

  gene family, genetic feature

  The Bacillus anthracis capsule-associated genes that were tested for related sequences in the examined isolates.

  Aliases: capsule genes

  박진우 (dztg5apj7m) extraction뀨 (7c402c1b98) reviewmexicorea (qjvnbu8xg3) reviewAK (4715169a40) review
• open reading frames

  genomic feature, coding sequence

  Predicted coding regions on the pXO2 plasmid that were used as sequence probes in the comparison.

  Aliases: ORFs

  박진우 (dztg5apj7m) extraction뀨 (7c402c1b98) reviewmexicorea (qjvnbu8xg3) reviewAK (4715169a40) review
• pxo2 plasmid

  plasmid

  The 96.2 kb Bacillus anthracis plasmid whose annotated gene content is compared with related Bacillus genomes in this paper.

  Aliases: pXO2

  박진우 (dztg5apj7m) extraction뀨 (7c402c1b98) reviewmexicorea (qjvnbu8xg3) reviewAK (4715169a40) review

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