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Serum indoxyl sulfate predicts adverse cardiovascular events in patients with chronic kidney disease.

Pei‐Chun Fan,J. Chang,Chia-Ni Lin,Cheng-Chia Lee,Yi-Ting Chen,P. Chu,George Kou,Yueh-an lu,Chih-Wei Yang,Yung-Chang Chen

Published 2019 in Journal of the Formosan Medical Association = Taiwan yi zhi

ABSTRACT

BACKGROUND/PURPOSE Indoxyl sulfate (IS) is a protein-binding molecule that exhibits cardiovascular (CV) toxicity. This study determined whether the serum IS level can be used to predict the risk of major adverse CV events (MACEs) in patients with chronic kidney disease (CKD). METHODS We studied 147 patients with CKD stage 1-5 over a 3-year follow-up period. IS was measured through mass spectrometry. Patients' demographics were collected and analyzed to predict outcomes by using multivariable Cox regression. RESULTS Forty-seven (32.0%) patients had MACEs. IS remained significantly associated with MACEs after multivariable regression analysis. The area under the receiver operating characteristic curve for IS levels was 0.708 (95% confidence interval: 0.618-0.798). CONCLUSION IS may have a critical role in the prediction of CV disease in patients with CKD. Further large-scale investigations are warranted and suggested.

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