Evaluation of Seed Emergence Uniformity of Mechanically Sown Wheat with UAV RGB Imagery

The uniformity of wheat seed emergence is an important characteristic used to evaluate cultivars, cultivation mode and field management. Currently, researchers typically investigated the uniformity of seed emergence by manual measurement, a time-consuming and laborious process. This study employed field RGB images from unmanned aerial vehicles (UAVs) to obtain information related to the uniformity of wheat seed emergence and missing seedlings. The calculation of the length of areas with missing seedlings in both drill and broadcast sowing can be achieved by using an area localization algorithm, which facilitated the comprehensive evaluation of uniformity of seed emergence. Through a comparison between UAV images and the results of manual surveys used to gather data on the uniformity of seed emergence, the root-mean-square error (RMSE) was 0.44 for broadcast sowing and 0.64 for drill sowing. The RMSEs of the numbers of missing seedling regions for broadcast and drill sowing were 1.39 and 3.99, respectively. The RMSEs of the lengths of the missing seedling regions were 12.39 cm for drill sowing and 0.20 cm2 for broadcast sowing. The UAV image-based method provided a new and greatly improved method for efficiently measuring the uniformity of wheat seed emergence. The proposed method could provide a guideline for the intelligent evaluation of the uniformity of wheat seed emergence.

• Publication year

  2017

• Venue

  Remote Sensing

• Publication date

  2017-12-01

• Fields of study

  Agricultural and Food Sciences, Computer Science, Engineering, Geology, Environmental Science

• Identifiers
  DOI 10.3390/rs9121241
• External record

  Open on Semantic Scholar

• Source metadata

  Semantic Scholar

• No claims are published for this paper.

• No concepts are published for this paper.

• Winter wheat yield estimation based on multi-source medium resolution optical and radar imaging data and the AquaCrop model using the particle swarm optimization algorithm

  2017cited by this paper
• Assessing the potential of images from unmanned aerial vehicles (UAV) to support herbicide patch spraying in maize

  2017cited by this paper
• Estimates of plant density of wheat crops at emergence from very low altitude UAV imagery.

  2017cited by this paper
• Detection of tomatoes using spectral-spatial methods in remotely sensed RGB images captured by UAV

  2016cited by this paper
• Field phenotyping system for the assessment of potato late blight resistance using RGB imagery from an unmanned aerial vehicle

  2016cited by this paper
• Unmanned aerial platform-based multi-spectral imaging for field phenotyping of maize

  2015cited by this paper
• Combining UAV-based plant height from crop surface models, visible, and near infrared vegetation indices for biomass monitoring in barley

  2015cited by this paper
• Field-based crop phenotyping: Multispectral aerial imaging for evaluation of winter wheat emergence and spring stand

  2015cited by this paper
• Multi-temporal imaging using an unmanned aerial vehicle for monitoring a sunflower crop

  2015cited by this paper
• High-Resolution Airborne UAV Imagery to Assess Olive Tree Crown Parameters Using 3D Photo Reconstruction: Application in Breeding Trials

  2015cited by this paper
• Green area index from an unmanned aerial system over wheat and rapeseed crops

  2014cited by this paper
• Modeling the Emergence of Winter Wheat in Response to Soil Temperature, Water Potential, and Planting Depth

  2014cited by this paper
• Rapid crops classification based on UAV low-altitude remote sensing

  2013cited by this paper
• Estimation of leaf area index in onion (Allium cepa L.) using an unmanned aerial vehicle

  2013cited by this paper
• Estimating leaf carotenoid content in vineyards using high resolution hyperspectral imagery acquired from an unmanned aerial vehicle ( UAV )

  2013cited by this paper
• Estimating leaf carotenoid content in vineyards using high resolution hyperspectral imagery acquired from an unmanned aerial vehicle (UAV)

  2013cited by this paper
• Visualizing and Quantifying Vineyard Canopy LAI Using an Unmanned Aerial Vehicle (UAV) Collected High Density Structure from Motion Point Cloud

  2013cited by this paper
• A flexible unmanned aerial vehicle for precision agriculture

  2012cited by this paper
• Effects of drip irrigation circuit design and lateral line lengths: I—On pressure and friction loss

  2012cited by this paper
• Verification of color vegetation indices for automated crop imaging applications

  2008cited by this paper
• Study of Measurement Method of Population Uniformity of Wheat Based on Digital Image

  2008cited by this paper
• Evaluation of Digital Photography from Model Aircraft for Remote Sensing of Crop Biomass and Nitrogen Status

  2005cited by this paper
• Winter Wheat Seedling Emergence from Deep Sowing Depths

  1998cited by this paper
• Row spacing and seeding rate effects on yield and yield components of soft red winter wheat

  1985cited by this paper
• A Model to Predict Winter Wheat Emergence as Affected by Soil Temperature, Water Potential, and Depth of Planting1

  1976cited by this paper

• Combining RGB Imaging with a Two-stage Deep Learning Method to Reveal Genetic Variation of Wheat Sprouting Traits

  2026cites this paper
• Bridging lab and field: A review and roadmap for unmanned aerial vehicle-based field crop counting with deep learning

  2025cites this paper
• RGB-Derived Indices Accurately Detect Genotypic and Agronomic Differences in Canopy Variation in Durum Wheat

  2025cites this paper
• DETECTING EMERGENCE UNIFORMITY OF SOYBEAN SEEDLINGS ACROSS DIFFERENT CULTIVATION PATTERNS

  2025cites this paper
• Opportunities, challenges, and interventions for agriculture 4.0 adoption

  2025cites this paper
• Evaluating Maize Emergence Quality with Multi-task YOLO11-Mamba and UAV-RGB Remote Sensing

  2025cites this paper
• Line sowing and deeper rotary tillage improve seedling establishment and wheat yield in rice–wheat rotation

  2025cites this paper
• Semantic segmentation model of multi-source remote sensing images was used to extract winter wheat at tillering stage

  2025cites this paper
• Detection of maize stem diameter by using RGB-D cameras’ depth information under selected field condition

  2024cites this paper
• Low-cost and precise traditional Chinese medicinal tree pest and disease monitoring using UAV RGB image only

  2024cites this paper
• UAV-Assisted Dynamic Monitoring of Wheat Uniformity toward Yield and Biomass Estimation

  2024cites this paper
• Comparison and Optimal Method of Detecting the Number of Maize Seedlings Based on Deep Learning

  2024cites this paper
• UAV applications in wheat crop: a bibliometric approach to the literature1

  2023cites this paper
• An Ensemble Learning Model for Detecting Soybean Seedling Emergence in UAV Imagery

  2023cites this paper
• Automatic Monitoring of Maize Seedling Growth Using Unmanned Aerial Vehicle-Based RGB Imagery

  2023cites this paper
• Quantitative Evaluation of Maize Emergence Using UAV Imagery and Deep Learning

  2023cites this paper
• Utilization of Acacia cyanophylla-Based Compost as a Renewable Alternative for the Production of Tomato (Solanum lycopersicum L.) Seedlings

  2023cites this paper
• Field phenotyping for African crops: overview and perspectives

  2023cites this paper
• Evaluation of an Optical Sorter Effectiveness in Separating Maize Seeds Intended for Sowing

  2023cites this paper
• An efficient algorithm for detecting shortage of soybean seedlings using RGB images captured by UAVs

  2023cites this paper
• EVALUATION OF DIFFERENT SOWING METHODS FOR ENHANCING PRODUCTIVITY AND WATER USE EFFICIENCY OF WHEAT UNDER LIMITED WATER CONDITIONS

  2022cites this paper
• High-throughput field crop phenotyping: current status and challenges

  2022cites this paper
• Unsupervised domain adaptation and super resolution on drone images for autonomous dry herbage biomass estimation

  2022cites this paper
• Corn emergence uniformity estimation and mapping using UAV imagery and deep learning

  2022cites this paper
• A fast and robust method for plant count in sunflower and maize at different seedling stages using high-resolution UAV RGB imagery

  2022cites this paper
• The estimation of wheat tiller number based on UAV images and gradual change features (GCFs)

  2022cites this paper
• An assimilation method for wheat failure detection at the seedling stage

  2022cites this paper
• The Application of UAV-Based Hyperspectral Imaging to Estimate Crop Traits in Maize Inbred Lines

  2021cites this paper
• Roles of Plant Growth-Promoting Rhizobacteria (PGPR) in Stimulating Salinity Stress Defense in Plants: A Review

  2021cites this paper
• Utilisation of spaceborne C-band dual pol Sentinel-1 SAR data for simplified regression-based soil organic carbon estimation in Rupnagar, Punjab, India

  2021cites this paper
• Field Phenomics: Will It Enable Crop Improvement?

  2021cites this paper
• Borage (Borago officinalis L.) response to salinity at early growth stages as influenced by seed pre-treatment

  2021cites this paper
• UAS-Based Plant Phenotyping for Research and Breeding Applications

  2021cites this paper
• Scaling up high-throughput phenotyping for abiotic stress selection in the field

  2021cites this paper
• D3.2 Guidelines on improvements for precision agriculture v2

  2020cites this paper
• Soybean Seed Vigor: Uniformity and Growth as Key Factors to Improve Yield

  2020cites this paper
• Editorial for the Special Issue "Estimation of Crop Phenotyping Traits using Unmanned Ground Vehicle and Unmanned Aerial Vehicle Imagery"

  2020cites this paper
• Early season detection of rice plants using RGB, NIR-G-B and multispectral images from unmanned aerial vehicle (UAV)

  2020cites this paper
• Machine Learning-Based Crop Drought Mapping System by UAV Remote Sensing RGB Imagery

  2020cites this paper
• A spectral-spatial approach for detection of single-point natural gas leakage using hyperspectral imaging

  2020cites this paper
• Mathematical Model of Uniform Cereal Crops Seeding Using a Double-Disk Coulter

  2020cites this paper
• Evaluation of Cotton Emergence Using UAV-Based Narrow-Band Spectral Imagery with Customized Image Alignment and Stitching Algorithms

  2020influential citation
• Rapeseed Stand Count Estimation at Leaf Development Stages With UAV Imagery and Convolutional Neural Networks

  2020cites this paper
• AUTOMATED DETECTION OF WEEDS AND EVALUATION OF CROP SPROUTS QUALITY BASED ON RGB IMAGES

  2019cites this paper
• Rapeseed Seedling Stand Counting and Seeding Performance Evaluation at Two Early Growth Stages Based on Unmanned Aerial Vehicle Imagery

  2018cites this paper
• PhenoFly Planning Tool: flight planning for high-resolution optical remote sensing with unmanned areal systems

  2018cites this paper
• Theoretical studies of equilibrium of disc coulter counter with adaptive suspension

  2018cites this paper