Social Evolution in Termites

J. Korb

Published 2019 in Encyclopedia of Animal Behavior

ABSTRACT

The termites’ social organization strikingly resembles that of ants. Yet termites are social cockroaches and this heritage shaped their social evolution. Although all termites are eusocial (due to the occurrence of sterile soldiers) different degrees of worker altruism can be distinguished. Mapping them onto a phylogenetic tree together with distinctive properties associated with the life types of different termite families provides insights into the termites’ social evolution. Based on currently available data, these results suggest that a crucial step, for the evolution of altruistic termite workers with intensive brood care, were ‘workers’ that gained direct fitness benefits, similar to helper systems in cooperative breeding vertebrates.

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