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Use of a dialyzable short-chain phospholipid for efficient preparation of virosome vaccines against Newcastle disease

A. Homhuan,S. Prakongpan

Published 2007 in The Thai Journal of Pharmaceutical Sciences

ABSTRACT

Virosomes can be regarded as liposomes carrying the spike proteins of enveloped virus on their surface. To further advance the use of virosomes, we developed a solubilization/ reconstitution procedure for construction of Newcastle disease (ND)-virosomes, which would be easily applicable to industrial production. This procedure included the use of 1,2-dihexanoylphosphatidylcholine (DHPC) as a viral membrane solubilizer. DHPC is a short-chain phospholipid with detergent-like property and with a relatively high critical micelle concentration (CMC, 14 mM). Virosomes were prepared by solubilization of virus with DHPC followed by the removal of nucleocapsids by ultracentrifugation. The solubilized membrane components were then easily reconstituted by the dialysis removal of DHPC. Biochemical analysis revealed that ND-virosomes contained both hemagglutinin-neuraminidase (HN) and fusion (F) proteins, with preserved biological activity. The immunogenicity of ND-virosomes was determined in chickens after subcutaneous immunization. The relatively high hemagglutination-inhibition (HI) antibody titers and high clinical protection upon viral challenge were found in animals that received ND-virosomes. Using DHPC for the production of virosomes was uncomplicated and would allow further exploitation of virosomes as subunit-vaccines not only in an academic field, but also in an industrial setting.

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