Suberin Goes Genomics: Use of a Short Living Plant to Investigate a Long Lasting Polymer

Suberin is a highly persistent cell wall polymer, predominantly composed of long-chain hydroxylated fatty acids. Apoplastic suberin depositions occur in internal and peripheral dermal tissues where they generate lipophilic barriers preventing uncontrolled flow of water, gases, and ions. In addition, suberization provides resistance to environmental stress conditions. Despite this physiological importance the knowledge about suberin formation has increased slowly for decades. Lately, the chemical characterization of suberin in Arabidopsis enabled the proposal of genes required for suberin biosynthesis such as β-ketoacyl-CoA synthases (KCS) for fatty acid elongation and cytochrome P450 oxygenases (CYP) for fatty acid hydroxylation. Advantaged by the Arabidopsis molecular genetic resources the in silico expression pattern of candidate genes, concerted with the tissue-specific distribution of suberin in Arabidopsis, led to the identification of suberin involved genes including KCS2, CYP86A1, and CYP86B1. The isolation of mutants with a modified suberin composition facilitated physiological studies revealing that the strong reduction in suberin in cyp86a1 mutants results in increased root water and solute permeabilities. The enhanced suberin 1 mutant, characterized by twofold increased root suberin content, has increased water-use efficiency and is affected in mineral ion uptake and transport. In this review the most recent findings on the biosynthesis and physiological importance of suberin in Arabidopsis are summarized and discussed.

• Publication year

  2011

• Venue

  Frontiers in Plant Science

• Publication date

  2011-11-14

• Fields of study

  Biology, Medicine, Materials Science, Environmental Science

• Identifiers
  DOI 10.3389/fpls.2012.00004PMID 22639633PMCID 3355613
• External record

  Open on Semantic Scholar

• Source metadata

  Semantic Scholar, PubMed

• No claims are published for this paper.

• No concepts are published for this paper.

• Acyl-Lipid Metabolism

  2013cited by this paper
• Deciphering cork formation in Quercus suber

  2011cited by this paper
• Cytochrome P450 metabolizing fatty acids in plants: characterization and physiological roles

  2011cited by this paper
• A novel protein family mediates Casparian strip formation in the endodermis

  2011cited by this paper
• Sphingolipids in the Root Play an Important Role in Regulating the Leaf Ionome in Arabidopsis thaliana[W][OA]

  2011cited by this paper
• Suberin research in the genomics era--new interest for an old polymer.

  2011cited by this paper
• Root apoplastic barriers block Na+ transport to shoots in rice (Oryza sativa L.)

  2011cited by this paper
• Endodermis and Exodermis in Roots

  2011cited by this paper
• Water and solute permeabilities of Arabidopsis roots in relation to the amount and composition of aliphatic suberin

  2011cited by this paper
• Three Arabidopsis Fatty Acyl-Coenzyme A Reductases, FAR1, FAR4, and FAR5, Generate Primary Fatty Alcohols Associated with Suberin Deposition1[C][W][OA]

  2010cited by this paper
• Acyl-Lipid Metabolism

  2010cited by this paper
• A feruloyl transferase involved in the biosynthesis of suberin and suberin-associated wax is required for maturation and sealing properties of potato periderm.

  2010cited by this paper
• A developmental framework for endodermal differentiation and polarity

  2010cited by this paper
• Hydroxycinnamates in suberin formation

  2010cited by this paper
• Transport barriers made of cutin, suberin and associated waxes.

  2010cited by this paper
• Perisynaptic GluR2-lacking AMPA receptors control the reversibility of synaptic and spines modifications

  2010cited by this paper
• A distinct type of glycerol-3-phosphate acyltransferase with sn-2 preference and phosphatase activity producing 2-monoacylglycerol

  2010cited by this paper
• Structure of the polyphenolic component of suberin isolated from potato (Solanum tuberosum var. Nikola).

  2009cited by this paper
• Identification of an Arabidopsis Feruloyl-Coenzyme A Transferase Required for Suberin Synthesis1[W][OA]

  2009influential reference
• Two Arabidopsis 3-ketoacyl CoA synthase genes, KCS20 and KCS2/DAISY, are functionally redundant in cuticular wax and root suberin biosynthesis, but differentially controlled by osmotic stress.

  2009cited by this paper
• The role of root apoplastic transport barriers in salt tolerance of rice (Oryza sativa L.)

  2009cited by this paper
• Root Suberin Forms an Extracellular Barrier That Affects Water Relations and Mineral Nutrition in Arabidopsis

  2009cited by this paper
• CYP86B1 Is Required for Very Long Chain ω-Hydroxyacid and α,ω-Dicarboxylic Acid Synthesis in Root and Seed Suberin Polyester1[W][OA]

  2009cited by this paper
• A hydroxycinnamoyltransferase responsible for synthesizing suberin aromatics in Arabidopsis

  2009cited by this paper
• The DAISY gene from Arabidopsis encodes a fatty acid elongase condensing enzyme involved in the biosynthesis of aliphatic suberin in roots and the chalaza-micropyle region of seeds.

  2009cited by this paper
• Functional and chemical comparison of apoplastic barriers to radial oxygen loss in roots of rice (Oryza sativa L.) grown in aerated or deoxygenated solution.

  2009cited by this paper
• CYP86A33-Targeted Gene Silencing in Potato Tuber Alters Suberin Composition, Distorts Suberin Lamellae, and Impairs the Periderm's Water Barrier Function1[C][W][OA]

  2008cited by this paper
• The VLCFA elongase gene family in Arabidopsis thaliana: phylogenetic analysis, 3D modelling and expression profiling

  2008cited by this paper
• Measurements of oxygen permeability coefficients of rice (Oryza sativa L.) roots using a new perfusion technique

  2008cited by this paper
• Silencing of StKCS6 in potato periderm leads to reduced chain lengths of suberin and wax compounds and increased peridermal transpiration

  2008cited by this paper
• The Arabidopsis cytochrome P450 CYP86A1 encodes a fatty acid ω-hydroxylase involved in suberin monomer biosynthesis

  2008cited by this paper
• Building lipid barriers: biosynthesis of cutin and suberin.

  2008cited by this paper
• Suberin--a biopolyester forming apoplastic plant interfaces.

  2007cited by this paper
• The Acyltransferase GPAT5 Is Required for the Synthesis of Suberin in Seed Coat and Root of Arabidopsis[W][OA]

  2007cited by this paper
• FOXP3 interactions with histone acetyltransferase and class II histone deacetylases are required for repression

  2007cited by this paper
• Suberin: a biopolyester of plants' skin.

  2007cited by this paper
• Identification of acyltransferases required for cutin biosynthesis and production of cutin with suberin-like monomers

  2007cited by this paper
• A High-Resolution Root Spatiotemporal Map Reveals Dominant Expression Patterns

  2007cited by this paper
• The AtGenExpress global stress expression data set: protocols, evaluation and model data analysis of UV-B light, drought and cold stress responses.

  2007influential reference
• Cytochrome P450-dependent fatty acid hydroxylases in plants

  2006cited by this paper
• Members of the Arabidopsis FAE1-like 3-Ketoacyl-CoA Synthase Gene Family Substitute for the Elop Proteins of Saccharomyces cerevisiae*

  2006cited by this paper
• Arabidopsis cytochrome P450s through the looking glass: a window on plant biochemistry

  2006cited by this paper
• Substrate specificity of Arabidopsis 3-ketoacyl-CoA synthases.

  2006influential reference
• Members of the Arabidopsis FAE 1-like 3-Ketoacyl-CoA Synthase Gene Family Substitute for the Elop Proteins of Saccharomyces cerevisiae *

  2006cited by this paper
• Wax and suberin development of native and wound periderm of potato (Solanum tuberosum L.) and its relation to peridermal transpiration

  2005cited by this paper
• IL-13受体α2降低血吸虫病肉芽肿的炎症反应并延长宿主存活时间[英]/Mentink-Kane MM,Cheever AW，Thompson RW，et al//Proc Natl Acad Sci U S A

  2005cited by this paper
• Apoplastic polyesters in Arabidopsis surface tissues--a typical suberin and a particular cutin.

  2005cited by this paper
• Effects of NO3 deficiency and NaCl stress on suberin deposition in rhizo- and hypodermal (RHCW) and endodermal cell walls (ECW) of castor bean (Ricinus communis L.) roots

  2005cited by this paper
• Biochemical characterization of elongase activity in corn (Zea mays L.) roots.

  2005cited by this paper
• Specific and differential inhibition of very-long-chain fatty acid elongases from Arabidopsis thaliana by different herbicides.

  2004influential reference
• A Gene Expression Map of the Arabidopsis Root

  2003cited by this paper
• Reactive oxygen species production in association with suberization: evidence for an NADPH-dependent oxidase.

  2003cited by this paper
• Root Endodermis and Exodermis: Structure, Function, and Responses to the Environment

  2002cited by this paper
• Suberin from Plants

  2002influential reference
• Chemical composition of apoplastic transport barriers in relation to radial hydraulic conductivity of corn roots (Zea mays L.)

  2000cited by this paper
• Methanolysis of bark suberins: analysis of glycerol and acid monomers.

  2000cited by this paper
• Apoplastic barriers in roots: chemical composition of endodermal and hypodermal cell walls

  1999cited by this paper
• CYP86A1 from Arabidopsis thaliana encodes a cytochrome P450-dependent fatty acid omega-hydroxylase.

  1998cited by this paper
• Biosynthesis of Cutin omega-Hydroxylation of Fatty Acids by a Microsomal Preparation from Germinating Vicia faba.

  1977cited by this paper
• Biochemistry of Suberization: omega-Hydroxyacid Oxidation in Enzyme Preparations from Suberizing Potato Tuber Disks.

  1977cited by this paper
• Biosynthesis of Cutin: Enzymatic Conversion of omega-Hydroxy Fatty Acids to Dicarboxylic Acids by Cell-free Extracts of Vicia Faba Epidermis.

  1975cited by this paper
• Biochemistry of Suberization w-HYDROXYACID OXIDATION IN ENZYME PREPARATIONS FROM SUBERIZING POTATO TUBER

  year unknowncited by this paper

• Organosilicon mitigates cadmium toxicity and accumulation in rice (Oryza sativa L.): Tripartite synergistic mechanisms of apoplastic barrier reinforcement, vacuolar compartmentalization, and antioxidant defense activation

  2026cites this paper
• Exploring the Metabolic and Genetic Landscape of Potato Plants in Response to Late Blight Using Metabolomic and Transcriptomic Profiling

  2025cites this paper
• Integration of lipidomics and widely targeted metabolomics provides a comprehensive metabolic landscape of Poa pratensis under cadmium stress

  2025cites this paper
• 3-ketoacyl-CoA synthase 19 contributes to the biosynthesis of seed lipids and cuticular wax in Arabidopsis and abiotic stress tolerance.

  2024cites this paper
• ATP-binding cassette G23 is required for Arabidopsis seed coat suberization.

  2024cites this paper
• AtMYB41 acts as a dual‐function transcription factor that regulates the formation of lipids in an organ‐ and development‐dependent manner

  2024cites this paper
• An SMR cell-cycle inhibitor inducible by a carotenoid metabolite resets root development and drought tolerance in Arabidopsis

  2023cites this paper
• AchMYC2 promotes JA-mediated suberin polyphenolic accumulation via the activation of phenylpropanoid metabolism-related genes in the wound healing of kiwifruit (Actinidia chinensis)

  2022cites this paper
• Transcriptional regulation of KCS gene by bZIP29 and MYB70 transcription factors during ABA-stimulated wound suberization of kiwifruit (Actinidia deliciosa)

  2022cites this paper
• Endodermal suberin deposition restricts potassium leakage from roots

  2022cites this paper
• Phylogenomic analysis of cytochrome P450 multigene family and its differential expression analysis in pepper (Capsicum annuum L.)

  2022cites this paper
• Morpho-physiological, biochemical and molecular characterization of coastal rice landraces to identify novel genetic sources of salinity tolerance.

  2022cites this paper
• Comparative Metabolomic Profiling of Compatible and Incompatible Interactions Between Potato and Phytophthora infestans

  2022cites this paper
• Suberin Biosynthesis, Assembly, and Regulation

  2022influential citation
• Concerted increases of FAE1 expression level and substrate availability improve and singularize the production of very‐long‐chain fatty acids in Arabidopsis seeds

  2021cites this paper
• Synthesis of 13 C-Labelled ω-Hydroxy Carboxylic Acids of the General Formula HO2 13 C-(CH2 )n -CH2 OH or HO2 C-(CH2 )n -13 CH2 OH (n = 12, 16, 20, 28).

  2021cites this paper
• Biosynthesis and Functions of Very-Long-Chain Fatty Acids in the Responses of Plants to Abiotic and Biotic Stresses

  2021cites this paper
• Time of sowing and cultivar effects on hardseededness and germination of subterranean clover seeds

  2021cites this paper
• BdFAR4, a root-specific fatty acyl-coenzyme A reductase, is involved in fatty alcohol synthesis of root suberin polyester in Brachypodium distachyon.

  2021cites this paper
• Functions and structure of roots and their contributions to salinity tolerance in plants

  2021cites this paper
• Importance of suberin biopolymer in plant function, contributions to soil organic carbon and in the production of bio-derived energy and materials

  2021influential citation
• RNAi Modulation of Chlorogenic Acid and Lignin Deposition in Nicotiana tabacum and Insufficient Compensatory Metabolic Cross-Talk.

  2021cites this paper
• WRKY9 transcription factor regulates cytochrome P450 genes CYP94B3 and CYP86B1, leading to increased root suberin and salt tolerance in Arabidopsis.

  2021cites this paper
• Cork cells in cork oak periderms undergo programmed cell death and proanthocyanidin deposition.

  2021cites this paper
• Physiological roles of Casparian strips and suberin in the transport of water and solutes

  2021cites this paper
• WRKY33 regulates apoplastic barrier formation Regulation of a cytochrome P450 gene CYP94B1 by WRKY33 transcription factor 2 controls apoplastic barrier formation in roots to confer salt tolerance

  2020cites this paper
• Synthesis of 13 C-labelled cutin and suberin monomeric dicarboxylic acids of the general formula HO2 13 C-(CH2 )n -13 CO2 H (n = 10, 12, 14, 16, 18, 20, 22, 24, 26, 28).

  2020cites this paper
• Roles of cytochromes P450 in plant reproductive development.

  2020cites this paper
• The R2R3-MYB transcription factor AtMYB49 modulates salt tolerance in Arabidopsis by modulating the cuticle formation and antioxidant defense.

  2020cites this paper
• AtMYB92 enhances fatty acid synthesis and suberin deposition in leaves of Nicotiana benthamiana.

  2020cites this paper
• Regulation of a Cytochrome P450 Gene CYP94B1 by WRKY33 Transcription Factor Controls Apoplastic Barrier Formation in Roots to Confer Salt Tolerance1[OPEN]

  2020cites this paper
• Regulation of CYP94B1 by WRKY33 controls apoplastic barrier formation in the roots leading to salt tolerance

  2020cites this paper
• Coordination between microbiota and root endodermis supports plant mineral nutrient homeostasis

  2020cites this paper
• Overexpression of β-Ketoacyl-CoA Synthase From Vitis vinifera L. Improves Salt Tolerance in Arabidopsis thaliana

  2020cites this paper
• A proteomic and biochemical investigation on the effects of sulfadiazine in Arabidopsis thaliana.

  2019cites this paper
• The Root Cap Cuticle: A Cell Wall Structure for Seedling Establishment and Lateral Root Formation.

  2019cites this paper
• The roles of suberin biopolymer and associated waxes in protecting plants against abiotic stresses

  2019influential citation
• Positive Regulation of the Transcription of AchnKCS by a bZIP Transcription Factor in Response to ABA-Stimulated Suberization of Kiwifruit.

  2019cites this paper
• Metabolic Engineering of Stress Protectant Secondary Metabolites to Confer Abiotic Stress Tolerance in Plants

  2019cites this paper
• Overexpression of ANAC046 Promotes Suberin Biosynthesis in Roots of Arabidopsis thaliana

  2019cites this paper
• Stress Protectant Secondary Metabolites and their Metabolic Engineering to Enhance Abiotic Stress Tolerance in Plants

  2019cites this paper
• Abscisic acid induces differential expression of genes involved in wound-induced suberization in postharvest tomato fruit

  2018cites this paper
• Proteomics analysis to understand the ABA stimulation of wound suberization in kiwifruit.

  2018cites this paper
• Cork Oak Young and Traumatic Periderms Show PCD Typical Chromatin Patterns but Different Chromatin-Modifying Genes Expression

  2018cites this paper
• Disruption of glycosylphosphatidylinositol-anchored lipid transfer protein 15 affects seed coat permeability in Arabidopsis.

  2018cites this paper
• Exogenous Brassinosteroid Enhances Plant Defense Against Colletotrichum gloeosporioides by Activating Phenylpropanoid Pathway in Camellia sinensis L.

  2018cites this paper
• Response to early drought stress and identification of QTLs controlling biomass production under drought in pearl millet

  2018cites this paper
• Phenolics and their potential as biochemical markers for wheat rust and Russian wheat aphid resistance in South Africa

  2017cites this paper
• Comparative ultrastructural analysis of the in vitro microspore embryoids and in vivo zygotic embryos of wheat as a basis for understanding of cytophysiological aspects of their development

  2017cites this paper
• On the Roles of Membrane Channels in Plant Mineral Nutrition and Toxicity

  2016cites this paper
• Role of Fatty Acid omega-Hydroxylase 1 and Abscisic Acid in Potato Tuber Suberin Formation

  2016cites this paper
• Dual Fatty Acid Elongase Complex Interactions in Arabidopsis

  2016cites this paper
• Primary Fatty Alcohols Are Major Components of Suberized Root Tissues of Arabidopsis in the Form of Alkyl Hydroxycinnamates1[OPEN]

  2016cites this paper
• Partial depolymerization of genetically modified potato tuber periderm reveals intermolecular linkages in suberin polyester.

  2015cites this paper
• Silicon Promotes Exodermal Casparian Band Formation in Si-Accumulating and Si-Excluding Species by Forming Phenol Complexes

  2015cites this paper
• Transcription factor StWRKY1 regulates phenylpropanoid metabolites conferring late blight resistance in potato

  2015cites this paper
• Suberin: the biopolyester at the frontier of plants

  2015cites this paper
• ANALYSES PROTÉOMIQUES D'UNE COMMUNAUTÉ BACTÉRIENNE DU SOL ET DE RHODANOBACTER THIOOXYDANS SE DÉVELOPPANT EN PRÉSENCE DE SUBÉRINE DE POMME DE TERRE.

  2015cites this paper
• Transcription factor StWRKY1 regulates phenylpropanoid metabolites conferring late blight resistance in potato

  2015cites this paper
• Metabolomics deciphers quantitative resistance mechanisms in diploid potato clones against late blight.

  2015cites this paper
• Suberin biosynthesis in O. sativa : characterisation of a cytochrome P450 monooxygenase

  2015cites this paper
• Unveiling the dual role of the cholinium hexanoate ionic liquid as solvent and catalyst in suberin depolymerisation

  2014cites this paper
• Suberin: biosynthesis, regulation, and polymer assembly of a protective extracellular barrier

  2014cites this paper
• Advances in Methods to Improve the Sugarcane Crop as “Energy Cane” for Biorefinery: An Appraisal

  2014cites this paper
• Metabolic Pathways Engineering: an emerging approach in abiotic stress tolerance in plants

  2014cites this paper
• AtMYB41 activates ectopic suberin synthesis and assembly in multiple plant species and cell types

  2014cites this paper
• Suberin-associated fatty Acyl-CoA reductases from Arabidopsis thaliana

  2013cites this paper
• Étude sur les protéines extracellulaires produites par Streptomyces scabiei souche EF-35 en présence de subérine

  2013cites this paper
• Emerging Role of Metabolic Pathways in Abiotic Stress Tolerance

  2013cites this paper
• Identification et validation fonctionnelle de gènes candidats contrôlant la composition de la cuticule chez le fruit de tomate

  2013cites this paper
• Analyses of Tomato Fruit Brightness Mutants Uncover Both Cutin-Deficient and Cutin-Abundant Mutants and a New Hypomorphic Allele of GDSL Lipase[C][W][OPEN]

  2013cites this paper
• Apoplastic Diffusion Barriers in Arabidopsis

  2013cites this paper
• Arabidopsis 3-Ketoacyl-Coenzyme A Synthase9 Is Involved in the Synthesis of Tetracosanoic Acids as Precursors of Cuticular Waxes, Suberins, Sphingolipids, and Phospholipids1[W]

  2013cites this paper
• Deep Transcriptome Sequencing of Wild Halophyte Rice, Porteresia coarctata, Provides Novel Insights into the Salinity and Submergence Tolerance Factors

  2013cites this paper
• Suberin-Associated Fatty Alcohols in Arabidopsis: Distributions in Roots and Contributions to Seed Coat Barrier Properties1[W]

  2013cites this paper
• Overexpression of Vvcyp86a1 Improves Salt Tolerance in Arabidopsis Thaliana during Germination and Seedling Stages

  year unknowncites this paper