BackgroundDebate remains on whether hypercholesterolemia is associated with cognitive impairment. Hence, we investigated whether poorly controlled cholesterol impairs functional connectivity among patients with type 2 diabetes mellitus (T2DM).MethodsResting-state functional connectivity infers to an interregional cooperation characterized by synchronous and low-frequency (<0.08 Hz) fluctuations on blood oxygen level–dependent functional magnetic resonance imaging (fMRI). We used resting-state fMRI to investigate the functional connectivity of 25 T2DM patients with poorly controlled cholesterol, 22 patients with target cholesterol and 26 healthy controls. Further correlation analysis was conducted between the functional connectivity and clinical data as well as neuropsychological tests.ResultsThe three groups did not statistically differ in age, sex, education level, body mass index, blood pressure, fasting C-peptides, and triglyceride. Compared with target cholesterol patients, patients with poorly controlled cholesterol showed significantly increased levels of serum cholesterol, low-density lipoprotein (LDL), and LDL/high-density lipoproteins (HDL) ratio, as well as poor performance in Trail Making Test B (TMT-B) (p < 0.05). Disordered functional connectivity of bilateral hippocampus-middle frontal gyrus (MFG) in the poorly controlled group consistently existed when compared with the two other groups. Moreover, the aberrant functional connectivity was associated with the TMT-B scores and the LDL/HDL index in T2DM patients with poorly controlled cholesterol.ConclusionsT2DM patients with poorly controlled cholesterol showed impaired attention and executive function. The resting-state connectivity disturbance of the hippocampus-MFG may be involved in this process. Decreasing the LDL/HDL ratio can be taken as precaution against cognitive decrements.
ABSTRACT
PUBLICATION RECORD
- Publication year
2015
- Venue
Lipids in Health and Disease
- Publication date
2015-05-21
- Fields of study
Medicine
- Identifiers
- External record
- Source metadata
Semantic Scholar, PubMed
CITATION MAP
EXTRACTION MAP
CLAIMS
CONCEPTS
- healthy controls
Participants without T2DM who served as a non-diabetic comparison group.
Aliases: control group
- hippocampus-middle frontal gyrus functional connectivity
The resting-state connectivity measure between the bilateral hippocampus and the middle frontal gyrus.
Aliases: hippocampus-MFG connectivity, bilateral hippocampus-middle frontal gyrus connectivity
- ldl/hdl ratio
A lipid index calculated from low-density lipoprotein and high-density lipoprotein cholesterol levels.
Aliases: LDL to HDL ratio, LDL/HDL index
- poorly controlled cholesterol
The T2DM patient group whose cholesterol levels were above the target range used for comparison.
Aliases: poorly controlled cholesterol group
- resting-state fmri
An imaging method used to measure low-frequency blood-oxygen-level-dependent fluctuations at rest.
Aliases: resting-state functional magnetic resonance imaging
- target cholesterol
The T2DM patient group whose cholesterol levels met the target range used as a comparison group.
Aliases: target cholesterol group
- trail making test b
A neuropsychological test used here to assess attention and executive function performance.
Aliases: TMT-B
- type 2 diabetes mellitus (t2dm)
The metabolic disease cohort studied in the analysis of cholesterol control and brain connectivity.
Aliases: T2DM
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