{"corpus_id":121998677,"paper_sha":"d47705a2c9e12b1ea532201c18db4f6dfd527556","doi":"10.1017/S0022112078000841","arxiv_id":null,"pmid":null,"pmcid":null,"mag_id":2026560115,"dblp_id":null,"acl_id":null,"title":"Bubble plumes in stratified environments","year":1978,"publication_date":"1978-04-27","venue":"Journal of Fluid Mechanics","journal":{"name":"Journal of Fluid Mechanics","pages":"655 - 672","volume":"85"},"journal_issn":null,"journal_title":null,"publication_types":[],"pubmed_pub_types":null,"s2_fields_of_study":["Geology","Physics","Environmental Science"],"reference_count":17,"citation_count":241,"influential_citation_count":23,"is_open_access":false,"arxiv_categories":null,"arxiv_license":null,"arxiv_journal_ref":null,"mesh_headings":null,"chemicals":null,"comments_corrections":null,"source_flags":1,"s2_open_access_pdf_url":null,"s2_open_access_landing_url":null,"s2_open_access_license":null,"s2_open_access_status":null,"pmc_open_access_pdf_url":null,"pmc_open_access_landing_url":null,"pmc_open_access_license":null,"pmc_open_access_status":null,"unpaywall_open_access_pdf_url":null,"unpaywall_open_access_landing_url":null,"unpaywall_open_access_license":null,"unpaywall_open_access_status":null,"abstract":"This paper is concerned with the behaviour of buoyant plumes driven by a source of bubbles. It is shown experimentally that, when a bubble plume rises through a stratified environment, fluid can be transported vertically for some distance and then some of this fluid can leave the plume and spread out horizontally at its own density level. A simple plume model which regards the plume as a single entity is discussed in order to make a first assessment of the effects of gas expansion and bubble slip velocity in this stratified case. However, the experiments reveal a more complicated plume structure in which the bubbles remain in the centre part of the plume, and only the outer part of the plume spreads out into the environment at certain levels. On the basis of these observations a double-plume model is proposed which regards the plume as being composed of two parts: an inner circular plume (which contains all the bubbles of gas) and an outer annular plume.","claims":[{"public_id":"cl_17b1fcb777598bbdd504a49182bc4fc7","status":"active","text":"A double-plume model is proposed in which the plume consists of an inner circular plume containing all gas bubbles and an outer annular plume.","confidence":0.98,"contributors":[{"id":1,"public_id":"12632b8b5f","public_label":"Anonymous (12632b8b5f)","roles":["extraction"],"url":"https://sah.borca.ai/u/12632b8b5f"}],"url":"https://sah.borca.ai/claims/cl_17b1fcb777598bbdd504a49182bc4fc7"},{"public_id":"cl_2a8addd22e5af4546b5a5aec1999786b","status":"active","text":"A simple single-plume model is discussed to provide a first assessment of the effects of gas expansion and bubble slip velocity in the stratified case.","confidence":0.89,"contributors":[{"id":1,"public_id":"12632b8b5f","public_label":"Anonymous (12632b8b5f)","roles":["extraction"],"url":"https://sah.borca.ai/u/12632b8b5f"}],"url":"https://sah.borca.ai/claims/cl_2a8addd22e5af4546b5a5aec1999786b"},{"public_id":"cl_234eca80e3e69dd777095025aaeb408e","status":"active","text":"Experiments indicate that the plume structure is more complex than a single-entity plume, with bubbles remaining in the center and only the outer region spreading into the environment at certain levels.","confidence":0.94,"contributors":[{"id":1,"public_id":"12632b8b5f","public_label":"Anonymous (12632b8b5f)","roles":["extraction"],"url":"https://sah.borca.ai/u/12632b8b5f"}],"url":"https://sah.borca.ai/claims/cl_234eca80e3e69dd777095025aaeb408e"},{"public_id":"cl_0c4d243a9d12111be6d087ee0859bb8c","status":"active","text":"When a bubble plume rises through a stratified environment, it can transport fluid vertically for some distance and then release part of that 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