{"corpus_id":154162358,"paper_sha":"e398a698efad150412210f482ed66d4c7e52ee60","doi":"10.1111/JPET.12277","arxiv_id":null,"pmid":null,"pmcid":null,"mag_id":1572801087,"dblp_id":null,"acl_id":null,"title":"Is Emission Intensity or Output U-Shaped in the Strictness of Environmental Policy?","year":2018,"publication_date":"2018-04-01","venue":"Social Science Research Network","journal":{"name":"SSRN Electronic Journal","pages":null,"volume":null},"journal_issn":null,"journal_title":null,"publication_types":[],"pubmed_pub_types":null,"s2_fields_of_study":["Economics","Environmental Science"],"reference_count":39,"citation_count":12,"influential_citation_count":0,"is_open_access":true,"arxiv_categories":null,"arxiv_license":null,"arxiv_journal_ref":null,"mesh_headings":null,"chemicals":null,"comments_corrections":null,"source_flags":1,"s2_open_access_pdf_url":"https://eprints.whiterose.ac.uk/122343/14/MJGM_Paper_Updated.pdf","s2_open_access_landing_url":"https://www.semanticscholar.org/paper/e398a698efad150412210f482ed66d4c7e52ee60","s2_open_access_license":null,"s2_open_access_status":"GREEN","pmc_open_access_pdf_url":null,"pmc_open_access_landing_url":null,"pmc_open_access_license":null,"pmc_open_access_status":null,"unpaywall_open_access_pdf_url":null,"unpaywall_open_access_landing_url":null,"unpaywall_open_access_license":null,"unpaywall_open_access_status":null,"abstract":"We show that, in a range of market conditions, an ever stricter environmental policy does not always lead to ever cleaner production methods and ever lower production of polluting goods. We consider an integrated technology, where firms can reduce their emission intensities in a continuous fashion. Analogous to the previous literature we find that firms' emission intensities can be U-shaped in the strictness of policy, but we show that this applies only under low profitability conditions. Under high profitability conditions, output levels are U-shaped in the strictness of the policy. The latter result is new in the literature. In the case where the U-shape arises in emission intensities, the minimum is reached where the marginal abatement cost curves intersect.","claims":[{"public_id":"cl_97ac6ab8c8de7c6addea0ea93bb23263","status":"active","text":"An ever stricter environmental policy does not always produce cleaner production methods or lower production of polluting goods across the considered market conditions.","confidence":0.9,"contributors":[{"id":1,"public_id":"12632b8b5f","public_label":"Anonymous (12632b8b5f)","roles":["extraction"],"url":"https://sah.borca.ai/u/12632b8b5f"}],"url":"https://sah.borca.ai/claims/cl_97ac6ab8c8de7c6addea0ea93bb23263"},{"public_id":"cl_943fcc2aee815597031f0d6269df761a","status":"active","text":"Firms' emission intensities can be U-shaped in the strictness of environmental policy, but only under low profitability conditions.","confidence":0.98,"contributors":[{"id":1,"public_id":"12632b8b5f","public_label":"Anonymous (12632b8b5f)","roles":["extraction"],"url":"https://sah.borca.ai/u/12632b8b5f"}],"url":"https://sah.borca.ai/claims/cl_943fcc2aee815597031f0d6269df761a"},{"public_id":"cl_1ca9dfb3fa6c124752292644ae420e7e","status":"active","text":"The minimum of the emission-intensity U-shape occurs where the marginal abatement cost curves intersect.","confidence":0.96,"contributors":[{"id":1,"public_id":"12632b8b5f","public_label":"Anonymous (12632b8b5f)","roles":["extraction"],"url":"https://sah.borca.ai/u/12632b8b5f"}],"url":"https://sah.borca.ai/claims/cl_1ca9dfb3fa6c124752292644ae420e7e"},{"public_id":"cl_c7a9ad8282265cf3b6bda002b6e31714","status":"active","text":"Under high profitability conditions, output levels are U-shaped in the strictness of environmental policy.","confidence":0.98,"contributors":[{"id":1,"public_id":"12632b8b5f","public_label":"Anonymous (12632b8b5f)","roles":["extraction"],"url":"https://sah.borca.ai/u/12632b8b5f"}],"url":"https://sah.borca.ai/claims/cl_c7a9ad8282265cf3b6bda002b6e31714"}],"concepts":[{"public_id":"co_1e831660cfc131e4fecca32e36cebf79","status":"active","name":"emission intensities","description":"The amount of emissions generated per unit of production in the integrated technology setting.","types":["economic measure"],"aliases":["emission intensity"],"contributors":[{"id":1,"public_id":"12632b8b5f","public_label":"Anonymous (12632b8b5f)","roles":["extraction"],"url":"https://sah.borca.ai/u/12632b8b5f"}],"url":"https://sah.borca.ai/concepts/co_1e831660cfc131e4fecca32e36cebf79"},{"public_id":"co_6803100b5017cc25905d08083ec89745","status":"active","name":"low profitability conditions","description":"Market conditions in which firm profits are relatively low.","types":["market condition"],"aliases":["low-profitability conditions"],"contributors":[{"id":1,"public_id":"12632b8b5f","public_label":"Anonymous (12632b8b5f)","roles":["extraction"],"url":"https://sah.borca.ai/u/12632b8b5f"}],"url":"https://sah.borca.ai/concepts/co_6803100b5017cc25905d08083ec89745"},{"public_id":"co_74c3905822a14aec7d1ab4442d8de5b9","status":"active","name":"integrated technology","description":"A technology setting in which firms can continuously adjust their emissions intensity.","types":["model setting"],"aliases":["integrated technology setting"],"contributors":[{"id":1,"public_id":"12632b8b5f","public_label":"Anonymous (12632b8b5f)","roles":["extraction"],"url":"https://sah.borca.ai/u/12632b8b5f"}],"url":"https://sah.borca.ai/concepts/co_74c3905822a14aec7d1ab4442d8de5b9"},{"public_id":"co_96d6e81f0ac4f8b87c160834558c9fb5","status":"active","name":"output levels","description":"The quantity of goods produced by firms, including polluting goods discussed in the model.","types":["economic measure"],"aliases":["output"],"contributors":[{"id":1,"public_id":"12632b8b5f","public_label":"Anonymous (12632b8b5f)","roles":["extraction"],"url":"https://sah.borca.ai/u/12632b8b5f"}],"url":"https://sah.borca.ai/concepts/co_96d6e81f0ac4f8b87c160834558c9fb5"},{"public_id":"co_9c8760ea69272425f7f200d3146724d8","status":"active","name":"marginal abatement cost curves","description":"Curves that represent the marginal cost of reducing emissions by additional abatement.","types":["cost curve","economic concept"],"aliases":["MAC curves"],"contributors":[{"id":1,"public_id":"12632b8b5f","public_label":"Anonymous (12632b8b5f)","roles":["extraction"],"url":"https://sah.borca.ai/u/12632b8b5f"}],"url":"https://sah.borca.ai/concepts/co_9c8760ea69272425f7f200d3146724d8"},{"public_id":"co_9ffdb7cb5a2616656e620e72c82664a6","status":"active","name":"high profitability conditions","description":"Market conditions in which firm profits are relatively high.","types":["market condition"],"aliases":["high-profitability conditions"],"contributors":[{"id":1,"public_id":"12632b8b5f","public_label":"Anonymous (12632b8b5f)","roles":["extraction"],"url":"https://sah.borca.ai/u/12632b8b5f"}],"url":"https://sah.borca.ai/concepts/co_9ffdb7cb5a2616656e620e72c82664a6"},{"public_id":"co_a6f0ad11f1e47ffd9b8e1fbf8aacdc2d","status":"active","name":"production methods","description":"The ways firms organize production in relation to emissions and output decisions.","types":["economic concept"],"aliases":["production technique"],"contributors":[{"id":1,"public_id":"12632b8b5f","public_label":"Anonymous (12632b8b5f)","roles":["extraction"],"url":"https://sah.borca.ai/u/12632b8b5f"}],"url":"https://sah.borca.ai/concepts/co_a6f0ad11f1e47ffd9b8e1fbf8aacdc2d"},{"public_id":"co_d03e0b73fd884257512b5b542baf8f34","status":"active","name":"polluting goods","description":"Goods whose production is associated with environmental emissions.","types":["good"],"aliases":[],"contributors":[{"id":1,"public_id":"12632b8b5f","public_label":"Anonymous (12632b8b5f)","roles":["extraction"],"url":"https://sah.borca.ai/u/12632b8b5f"}],"url":"https://sah.borca.ai/concepts/co_d03e0b73fd884257512b5b542baf8f34"},{"public_id":"co_f4cbc3c8fb53b6afcc7e34d4e00086f7","status":"active","name":"U-shaped relationship","description":"A non-monotonic relationship that first decreases and then increases as the policy strictness changes.","types":["functional relationship"],"aliases":["U-shape"],"contributors":[{"id":1,"public_id":"12632b8b5f","public_label":"Anonymous (12632b8b5f)","roles":["extraction"],"url":"https://sah.borca.ai/u/12632b8b5f"}],"url":"https://sah.borca.ai/concepts/co_f4cbc3c8fb53b6afcc7e34d4e00086f7"},{"public_id":"co_f59f5b5a916071523a929fdff447cd8c","status":"active","name":"strictness of environmental policy","description":"The degree to which environmental regulation imposes tighter pollution control requirements on firms.","types":["policy parameter"],"aliases":["environmental policy strictness","policy strictness"],"contributors":[{"id":1,"public_id":"12632b8b5f","public_label":"Anonymous (12632b8b5f)","roles":["extraction"],"url":"https://sah.borca.ai/u/12632b8b5f"}],"url":"https://sah.borca.ai/concepts/co_f59f5b5a916071523a929fdff447cd8c"}],"external_ids":{"DOI":"10.1111/JPET.12277","ArXiv":null,"PubMed":null,"PubMedCentral":null,"MAG":1572801087,"DBLP":null,"ACL":null},"open_access":{"is_open_access":true,"pdf_url":"https://eprints.whiterose.ac.uk/122343/14/MJGM_Paper_Updated.pdf","landing_url":"https://www.semanticscholar.org/paper/e398a698efad150412210f482ed66d4c7e52ee60","source":"semantic_scholar","pdf_url_source":"semantic_scholar_open_access_pdf","license":null,"status":"GREEN","reason":null},"reference_availability":{"status":"available","references_indexed":true,"full_text_available":false,"full_text_source":null,"count_basis":"semantic_scholar_metadata","extraction_status":"not_applicable","reason":null},"source":{"provider":"episteme2","base_corpus":"semantic_scholar_dump","freshness_mode":"unknown","basis":["semantic_scholar_metadata","postgres_metadata"],"limits":["paper metadata is based on indexed upstream scholarly datasets","claims and concepts are available only for extracted papers","absence of claims or concepts means no extracted graph data is available in this response"],"status":"available","degraded":false,"degraded_reasons":[],"diagnostics":{"status":"available","degraded":false,"degraded_reasons":[],"metadata_status":"available","graph_status":"available","abstract_status":"available"},"source_flags":1},"paper_id":631317,"paper_uid":"35cb4c4b-4ee3-4bd3-bd23-6d908dc7c1cc","canonical_identity":{"paper_id":631317,"paper_uid":"35cb4c4b-4ee3-4bd3-bd23-6d908dc7c1cc","identity_status":"available","lookup_basis":"semantic_scholar_external_id","compatibility_path":"corpus_id"},"url":"https://sah.borca.ai/papers/154162358"}