{"corpus_id":197013306,"paper_sha":"153af2d4e39d2581dfc658f91764f5077dc79fc6","doi":"10.1016/J.CARBON.2019.06.021","arxiv_id":null,"pmid":null,"pmcid":null,"mag_id":2949681835,"dblp_id":null,"acl_id":null,"title":"Stable hydroxyl functionalization and p-type doping of graphene by a non-destructive photo-chemical method","year":2019,"publication_date":"2019-11-01","venue":"Carbon","journal":{"name":"Carbon","pages":null,"volume":null},"journal_issn":null,"journal_title":null,"publication_types":[],"pubmed_pub_types":null,"s2_fields_of_study":["Materials Science","Chemistry"],"reference_count":48,"citation_count":18,"influential_citation_count":0,"is_open_access":false,"arxiv_categories":null,"arxiv_license":null,"arxiv_journal_ref":null,"mesh_headings":null,"chemicals":null,"comments_corrections":null,"source_flags":1,"s2_open_access_pdf_url":null,"s2_open_access_landing_url":null,"s2_open_access_license":null,"s2_open_access_status":null,"pmc_open_access_pdf_url":null,"pmc_open_access_landing_url":null,"pmc_open_access_license":null,"pmc_open_access_status":null,"unpaywall_open_access_pdf_url":null,"unpaywall_open_access_landing_url":null,"unpaywall_open_access_license":null,"unpaywall_open_access_status":null,"abstract":"Abstract A photon-initiated chemical route for hydroxylation of CVD graphene and exfoliated graphene is presented. Hydroxyl functionalities have been bonded covalently to exfoliated and CVD graphene by treating the graphene with H2O2 in the presence of UV light. Back-gated graphene field effect transistors fabricated from hydroxyl functionalized graphene shows p-type doping and mobility in the range of 1000 cm2 V−1 s−1 which is much higher than reported in graphene oxide and reduced graphene oxide. Vacuum stability of hydroxyl functional groups is demonstrated by keeping hydroxyl functionalized graphene in vacuum for 22 h and comparing the electrical characteristics. As a further proof of –OH functionalization, we demonstrate the deposition of Al2O3 by atomic layer deposition, which is not possible on pristine graphene.","claims":[{"public_id":"cl_32713d084656641e8fbddadc0db6a01f","status":"active","text":"A photon-initiated chemical route using H2O2 and UV light covalently bonds hydroxyl functionalities to exfoliated and CVD graphene.","confidence":0.95,"contributors":[{"id":32,"public_id":"7c402c1b98","public_label":"뀨 (7c402c1b98)","roles":["extraction"],"url":"https://sah.borca.ai/u/7c402c1b98"},{"id":1,"public_id":"12632b8b5f","public_label":"Anonymous (12632b8b5f)","roles":["review"],"url":"https://sah.borca.ai/u/12632b8b5f"}],"url":"https://sah.borca.ai/claims/cl_32713d084656641e8fbddadc0db6a01f"},{"public_id":"cl_52f46d9dc3594f65bf0936d13eb571d2","status":"active","text":"Back-gated graphene field effect transistors fabricated from hydroxyl functionalized graphene show p-type doping and mobility in the range of 1000 cm² V⁻¹ s⁻¹, much higher than reported in graphene oxide and reduced graphene oxide.","confidence":0.95,"contributors":[{"id":32,"public_id":"7c402c1b98","public_label":"뀨 (7c402c1b98)","roles":["extraction"],"url":"https://sah.borca.ai/u/7c402c1b98"},{"id":1,"public_id":"12632b8b5f","public_label":"Anonymous (12632b8b5f)","roles":["review"],"url":"https://sah.borca.ai/u/12632b8b5f"}],"url":"https://sah.borca.ai/claims/cl_52f46d9dc3594f65bf0936d13eb571d2"},{"public_id":"cl_e1ba0f76a9ef48e293c012cdf20db40e","status":"active","text":"Hydroxyl functional groups on graphene are stable under vacuum for 22 hours, as demonstrated by comparing electrical characteristics before and after vacuum exposure.","confidence":0.9,"contributors":[{"id":32,"public_id":"7c402c1b98","public_label":"뀨 (7c402c1b98)","roles":["extraction"],"url":"https://sah.borca.ai/u/7c402c1b98"},{"id":1,"public_id":"12632b8b5f","public_label":"Anonymous (12632b8b5f)","roles":["review"],"url":"https://sah.borca.ai/u/12632b8b5f"}],"url":"https://sah.borca.ai/claims/cl_e1ba0f76a9ef48e293c012cdf20db40e"},{"public_id":"cl_5d533c4eeca71429b9277b6ed3774f0d","status":"active","text":"Hydroxyl functionalization enables atomic layer deposition of Al₂O₃ on graphene, which is not possible on pristine graphene.","confidence":0.95,"contributors":[{"id":32,"public_id":"7c402c1b98","public_label":"뀨 (7c402c1b98)","roles":["extraction"],"url":"https://sah.borca.ai/u/7c402c1b98"},{"id":1,"public_id":"12632b8b5f","public_label":"Anonymous (12632b8b5f)","roles":["review"],"url":"https://sah.borca.ai/u/12632b8b5f"}],"url":"https://sah.borca.ai/claims/cl_5d533c4eeca71429b9277b6ed3774f0d"}],"concepts":[{"public_id":"co_17d97eb9778b20bc8d5878b6085d86c9","status":"active","name":"graphene oxide","description":"Oxidized form of graphene used as a reference for comparison of mobility.","types":["material"],"aliases":[],"contributors":[{"id":32,"public_id":"7c402c1b98","public_label":"뀨 (7c402c1b98)","roles":["extraction"],"url":"https://sah.borca.ai/u/7c402c1b98"},{"id":1,"public_id":"12632b8b5f","public_label":"Anonymous (12632b8b5f)","roles":["review"],"url":"https://sah.borca.ai/u/12632b8b5f"}],"url":"https://sah.borca.ai/concepts/co_17d97eb9778b20bc8d5878b6085d86c9"},{"public_id":"co_2e9ab2f3e9c660f26a0b0c9c661d20b4","status":"active","name":"photon-initiated chemical route","description":"A method using UV light to initiate a chemical reaction between H2O2 and graphene for hydroxylation.","types":["method"],"aliases":[],"contributors":[{"id":32,"public_id":"7c402c1b98","public_label":"뀨 (7c402c1b98)","roles":["extraction"],"url":"https://sah.borca.ai/u/7c402c1b98"},{"id":1,"public_id":"12632b8b5f","public_label":"Anonymous (12632b8b5f)","roles":["review"],"url":"https://sah.borca.ai/u/12632b8b5f"}],"url":"https://sah.borca.ai/concepts/co_2e9ab2f3e9c660f26a0b0c9c661d20b4"},{"public_id":"co_3ed9f5a0eefd3784aad27257b38a09bb","status":"active","name":"p-type doping","description":"Introduction of hole-type charge carriers into graphene, observed in the functionalized material.","types":["electronic property"],"aliases":[],"contributors":[{"id":32,"public_id":"7c402c1b98","public_label":"뀨 (7c402c1b98)","roles":["extraction"],"url":"https://sah.borca.ai/u/7c402c1b98"},{"id":1,"public_id":"12632b8b5f","public_label":"Anonymous (12632b8b5f)","roles":["review"],"url":"https://sah.borca.ai/u/12632b8b5f"}],"url":"https://sah.borca.ai/concepts/co_3ed9f5a0eefd3784aad27257b38a09bb"},{"public_id":"co_4647d33ced3b91feda02690b3bfad5a4","status":"active","name":"atomic layer deposition","description":"A thin-film deposition technique used to deposit Al₂O₃ on hydroxyl functionalized graphene.","types":["method"],"aliases":["ALD"],"contributors":[{"id":32,"public_id":"7c402c1b98","public_label":"뀨 (7c402c1b98)","roles":["extraction"],"url":"https://sah.borca.ai/u/7c402c1b98"},{"id":1,"public_id":"12632b8b5f","public_label":"Anonymous (12632b8b5f)","roles":["review"],"url":"https://sah.borca.ai/u/12632b8b5f"}],"url":"https://sah.borca.ai/concepts/co_4647d33ced3b91feda02690b3bfad5a4"},{"public_id":"co_4b6e748a61e9732ac4c2f3ff9e0b9f09","status":"active","name":"pristine graphene","description":"Untreated graphene that does not support atomic layer deposition of Al₂O₃.","types":["material"],"aliases":[],"contributors":[{"id":32,"public_id":"7c402c1b98","public_label":"뀨 (7c402c1b98)","roles":["extraction"],"url":"https://sah.borca.ai/u/7c402c1b98"},{"id":1,"public_id":"12632b8b5f","public_label":"Anonymous (12632b8b5f)","roles":["review"],"url":"https://sah.borca.ai/u/12632b8b5f"}],"url":"https://sah.borca.ai/concepts/co_4b6e748a61e9732ac4c2f3ff9e0b9f09"},{"public_id":"co_5eb715673cec34b4ac416145fcab9697","status":"active","name":"reduced graphene oxide","description":"Reduced form of graphene oxide used as a reference for comparison of mobility.","types":["material"],"aliases":[],"contributors":[{"id":32,"public_id":"7c402c1b98","public_label":"뀨 (7c402c1b98)","roles":["extraction"],"url":"https://sah.borca.ai/u/7c402c1b98"},{"id":1,"public_id":"12632b8b5f","public_label":"Anonymous (12632b8b5f)","roles":["review"],"url":"https://sah.borca.ai/u/12632b8b5f"}],"url":"https://sah.borca.ai/concepts/co_5eb715673cec34b4ac416145fcab9697"},{"public_id":"co_a41ab5f1a9ac9f9fef6bdc1843b6e75f","status":"active","name":"hydroxyl functionalization","description":"Covalent bonding of hydroxyl (–OH) groups to graphene.","types":["chemical modification"],"aliases":["hydroxylation"],"contributors":[{"id":32,"public_id":"7c402c1b98","public_label":"뀨 (7c402c1b98)","roles":["extraction"],"url":"https://sah.borca.ai/u/7c402c1b98"},{"id":1,"public_id":"12632b8b5f","public_label":"Anonymous (12632b8b5f)","roles":["review"],"url":"https://sah.borca.ai/u/12632b8b5f"}],"url":"https://sah.borca.ai/concepts/co_a41ab5f1a9ac9f9fef6bdc1843b6e75f"},{"public_id":"co_aba98b4a99c8029ac9c7ca3444c99254","status":"active","name":"mobility","description":"Charge carrier mobility of hydroxyl functionalized graphene, measured around 1000 cm² V⁻¹ s⁻¹.","types":["measurement"],"aliases":[],"contributors":[{"id":32,"public_id":"7c402c1b98","public_label":"뀨 (7c402c1b98)","roles":["extraction"],"url":"https://sah.borca.ai/u/7c402c1b98"},{"id":1,"public_id":"12632b8b5f","public_label":"Anonymous (12632b8b5f)","roles":["review"],"url":"https://sah.borca.ai/u/12632b8b5f"}],"url":"https://sah.borca.ai/concepts/co_aba98b4a99c8029ac9c7ca3444c99254"},{"public_id":"co_cbeed9d023bbede9136a06e8bd3c5989","status":"active","name":"exfoliated graphene","description":"Graphene obtained by mechanical exfoliation, used as a substrate for hydroxylation.","types":["material"],"aliases":[],"contributors":[{"id":32,"public_id":"7c402c1b98","public_label":"뀨 (7c402c1b98)","roles":["extraction"],"url":"https://sah.borca.ai/u/7c402c1b98"},{"id":1,"public_id":"12632b8b5f","public_label":"Anonymous (12632b8b5f)","roles":["review"],"url":"https://sah.borca.ai/u/12632b8b5f"}],"url":"https://sah.borca.ai/concepts/co_cbeed9d023bbede9136a06e8bd3c5989"},{"public_id":"co_ce7877c04da1ef0b4692d749b14fe844","status":"active","name":"hydroxyl functional groups","description":"The –OH chemical groups covalently attached to graphene in this study.","types":["chemical group"],"aliases":[],"contributors":[{"id":32,"public_id":"7c402c1b98","public_label":"뀨 (7c402c1b98)","roles":["extraction"],"url":"https://sah.borca.ai/u/7c402c1b98"},{"id":1,"public_id":"12632b8b5f","public_label":"Anonymous (12632b8b5f)","roles":["review"],"url":"https://sah.borca.ai/u/12632b8b5f"}],"url":"https://sah.borca.ai/concepts/co_ce7877c04da1ef0b4692d749b14fe844"},{"public_id":"co_d076dbd6971f1fabec81b0ef31008962","status":"active","name":"vacuum stability","description":"The ability of hydroxyl functional groups to remain on graphene after 22 hours in vacuum, verified by electrical measurements.","types":["property"],"aliases":[],"contributors":[{"id":32,"public_id":"7c402c1b98","public_label":"뀨 (7c402c1b98)","roles":["extraction"],"url":"https://sah.borca.ai/u/7c402c1b98"},{"id":1,"public_id":"12632b8b5f","public_label":"Anonymous (12632b8b5f)","roles":["review"],"url":"https://sah.borca.ai/u/12632b8b5f"}],"url":"https://sah.borca.ai/concepts/co_d076dbd6971f1fabec81b0ef31008962"},{"public_id":"co_ee3914bea554700bf66deb021554eaff","status":"active","name":"CVD graphene","description":"Graphene grown by chemical vapor deposition, used as a substrate for hydroxylation.","types":["material"],"aliases":[],"contributors":[{"id":32,"public_id":"7c402c1b98","public_label":"뀨 (7c402c1b98)","roles":["extraction"],"url":"https://sah.borca.ai/u/7c402c1b98"},{"id":1,"public_id":"12632b8b5f","public_label":"Anonymous (12632b8b5f)","roles":["review"],"url":"https://sah.borca.ai/u/12632b8b5f"}],"url":"https://sah.borca.ai/concepts/co_ee3914bea554700bf66deb021554eaff"},{"public_id":"co_f2bb71a6dd0a08505df6e8df1e57e23e","status":"active","name":"Al₂O₃","description":"Aluminum oxide deposited by atomic layer deposition on hydroxyl functionalized graphene.","types":["material"],"aliases":["alumina"],"contributors":[{"id":32,"public_id":"7c402c1b98","public_label":"뀨 (7c402c1b98)","roles":["extraction"],"url":"https://sah.borca.ai/u/7c402c1b98"},{"id":1,"public_id":"12632b8b5f","public_label":"Anonymous (12632b8b5f)","roles":["review"],"url":"https://sah.borca.ai/u/12632b8b5f"}],"url":"https://sah.borca.ai/concepts/co_f2bb71a6dd0a08505df6e8df1e57e23e"},{"public_id":"co_f8bc38165048ae455fedc7e7baef8800","status":"active","name":"hydroxyl functionalized graphene","description":"Graphene with covalently attached hydroxyl groups, produced by the photo-chemical method.","types":["material"],"aliases":[],"contributors":[{"id":32,"public_id":"7c402c1b98","public_label":"뀨 (7c402c1b98)","roles":["extraction"],"url":"https://sah.borca.ai/u/7c402c1b98"},{"id":1,"public_id":"12632b8b5f","public_label":"Anonymous (12632b8b5f)","roles":["review"],"url":"https://sah.borca.ai/u/12632b8b5f"}],"url":"https://sah.borca.ai/concepts/co_f8bc38165048ae455fedc7e7baef8800"}],"external_ids":{"DOI":"10.1016/J.CARBON.2019.06.021","ArXiv":null,"PubMed":null,"PubMedCentral":null,"MAG":2949681835,"DBLP":null,"ACL":null},"open_access":{"is_open_access":false,"pdf_url":null,"landing_url":"https://sah.borca.ai/papers/197013306","source":null,"pdf_url_source":null,"license":null,"reason":"pdf_url_not_indexed"},"reference_availability":{"status":"available","references_indexed":true,"full_text_available":false,"full_text_source":null,"count_basis":"semantic_scholar_metadata","extraction_status":"not_applicable","reason":null},"source":{"provider":"episteme2","base_corpus":"semantic_scholar_dump","freshness_mode":"unknown","basis":["semantic_scholar_metadata","postgres_metadata"],"limits":["paper metadata is based on indexed upstream scholarly datasets","claims and concepts are available only for extracted papers","absence of claims or concepts means no extracted graph data is available in this response"],"status":"available","degraded":false,"degraded_reasons":[],"diagnostics":{"status":"available","degraded":false,"degraded_reasons":[],"metadata_status":"available","graph_status":"available","abstract_status":"available"},"source_flags":1},"paper_id":638933,"paper_uid":"e77efa3d-e96c-44fe-900e-ac42a2eac7cf","canonical_identity":{"paper_id":638933,"paper_uid":"e77efa3d-e96c-44fe-900e-ac42a2eac7cf","identity_status":"available","lookup_basis":"semantic_scholar_external_id","compatibility_path":"corpus_id"},"url":"https://sah.borca.ai/papers/197013306"}