{"corpus_id":218894133,"paper_sha":"589be04ef07e51f13e457b103d56837cf9822abb","doi":"10.1016/j.scitotenv.2020.139269","arxiv_id":null,"pmid":32450404,"pmcid":null,"mag_id":3023154362,"dblp_id":null,"acl_id":null,"title":"Effects of soil warming and increased precipitation on greenhouse gas fluxes in spring maize seasons in the North China Plain.","year":2020,"publication_date":"2020-05-08","venue":"Science of the Total Environment","journal":{"name":"The Science of the total environment","pages":"\n          139269\n        ","volume":"734"},"journal_issn":null,"journal_title":null,"publication_types":["JournalArticle"],"pubmed_pub_types":["Journal Article"],"s2_fields_of_study":["Agricultural and Food Sciences","Medicine","Environmental Science"],"reference_count":67,"citation_count":49,"influential_citation_count":4,"is_open_access":false,"arxiv_categories":null,"arxiv_license":null,"arxiv_journal_ref":null,"mesh_headings":null,"chemicals":null,"comments_corrections":null,"source_flags":5,"s2_open_access_pdf_url":null,"s2_open_access_landing_url":null,"s2_open_access_license":null,"s2_open_access_status":null,"pmc_open_access_pdf_url":null,"pmc_open_access_landing_url":null,"pmc_open_access_license":null,"pmc_open_access_status":null,"unpaywall_open_access_pdf_url":null,"unpaywall_open_access_landing_url":null,"unpaywall_open_access_license":null,"unpaywall_open_access_status":null,"abstract":"Climatic changes, such as global warming and altered precipitation are of major environmental concern. Given that ecosystem processes are strongly regulated by temperature and water content, climate changes are expected to affect the carbon (C) and nitrogen (N) cycles, especially in agricultural systems. However, the interactive effects of soil warming and increased precipitation on greenhouse gas emissions are poorly understood, particularly in the North China Plain (NCP). Therefore, a field experiment was conducted over two spring maize seasons (May-Sept.) in 2018 and 2019. Two levels of temperature (T0: ambient temperature; T1: increase on average of 4.0 °C) combined with two levels of precipitation (W0: no artificial precipitation; W1: +30% above ambient precipitation) were carried out in the NCP. Our results showed that soil warming significantly promoted cumulative N2O and CO2 emissions by 49% and 39%, respectively. Additionally, increased precipitation further enhanced the N2O and CO2 emissions by 54% and 14%, respectively. This suggests that high soil temperature and water content have the capacity to stimulate microbial activities, and thus accelerate the soil C and N cycles. Soil warming increased CH4 uptake by 293%, but increased precipitation had no effect on CH4 fluxes. Overall, soil warming and increased precipitation significantly enhanced the GHG budget by 39% and 16%, respectively. This study suggests that climate warming will lead to enhanced GHG emissions in the spring maize season in the NCP, while increased precipitation in the future may further stimulate GHG emissions in a warming world.","claims":[{"public_id":"cl_b13c9c2106ade0640793dab57db546e2","status":"active","text":"High soil temperature and water content likely stimulate microbial activities and accelerate soil carbon and nitrogen cycles.","confidence":0.82,"contributors":[{"id":1,"public_id":"12632b8b5f","public_label":"Anonymous (12632b8b5f)","roles":["extraction"],"url":"https://sah.borca.ai/u/12632b8b5f"}],"url":"https://sah.borca.ai/claims/cl_b13c9c2106ade0640793dab57db546e2"},{"public_id":"cl_33691ab4bb0184f30df3d8bc3e3b9c31","status":"active","text":"Increased precipitation further increased cumulative N2O emissions by 54% and cumulative CO2 emissions by 14%.","confidence":0.96,"contributors":[{"id":1,"public_id":"12632b8b5f","public_label":"Anonymous (12632b8b5f)","roles":["extraction"],"url":"https://sah.borca.ai/u/12632b8b5f"}],"url":"https://sah.borca.ai/claims/cl_33691ab4bb0184f30df3d8bc3e3b9c31"},{"public_id":"cl_78afbf5790ad4bdd05b5e9090752d5b1","status":"active","text":"Soil warming and increased precipitation significantly enhanced the greenhouse gas budget by 39% and 16%, respectively.","confidence":0.97,"contributors":[{"id":1,"public_id":"12632b8b5f","public_label":"Anonymous (12632b8b5f)","roles":["extraction"],"url":"https://sah.borca.ai/u/12632b8b5f"}],"url":"https://sah.borca.ai/claims/cl_78afbf5790ad4bdd05b5e9090752d5b1"},{"public_id":"cl_6162e1b0ea71d6ae52c50c38e661fd90","status":"active","text":"Soil warming increased CH4 uptake by 293%, whereas increased precipitation had no effect on CH4 fluxes.","confidence":0.95,"contributors":[{"id":1,"public_id":"12632b8b5f","public_label":"Anonymous (12632b8b5f)","roles":["extraction"],"url":"https://sah.borca.ai/u/12632b8b5f"}],"url":"https://sah.borca.ai/claims/cl_6162e1b0ea71d6ae52c50c38e661fd90"},{"public_id":"cl_f9533f7c14ce9081d51f63565360c762","status":"active","text":"Soil warming significantly increased cumulative N2O emissions by 49% and cumulative CO2 emissions by 39% in spring maize seasons in the North China Plain.","confidence":0.98,"contributors":[{"id":1,"public_id":"12632b8b5f","public_label":"Anonymous (12632b8b5f)","roles":["extraction"],"url":"https://sah.borca.ai/u/12632b8b5f"}],"url":"https://sah.borca.ai/claims/cl_f9533f7c14ce9081d51f63565360c762"}],"concepts":[{"public_id":"co_110ad5198723caac281cc978b3ab0764","status":"active","name":"cumulative N2O emissions","description":"Total nitrous oxide emissions accumulated over the maize season.","types":["outcome"],"aliases":["N2O emissions"],"contributors":[{"id":1,"public_id":"12632b8b5f","public_label":"Anonymous (12632b8b5f)","roles":["extraction"],"url":"https://sah.borca.ai/u/12632b8b5f"}],"url":"https://sah.borca.ai/concepts/co_110ad5198723caac281cc978b3ab0764"},{"public_id":"co_1550caf3a7815bc015137425b2df2800","status":"active","name":"increased precipitation","description":"An experimental increase in water input above ambient precipitation.","types":["experimental treatment"],"aliases":["artificial precipitation increase","W1"],"contributors":[{"id":1,"public_id":"12632b8b5f","public_label":"Anonymous (12632b8b5f)","roles":["extraction"],"url":"https://sah.borca.ai/u/12632b8b5f"}],"url":"https://sah.borca.ai/concepts/co_1550caf3a7815bc015137425b2df2800"},{"public_id":"co_239dd2af276d9542729e736cbacf84c6","status":"active","name":"greenhouse gas budget","description":"An integrated measure of net greenhouse gas emissions across gases.","types":["outcome"],"aliases":["GHG budget"],"contributors":[{"id":1,"public_id":"12632b8b5f","public_label":"Anonymous (12632b8b5f)","roles":["extraction"],"url":"https://sah.borca.ai/u/12632b8b5f"}],"url":"https://sah.borca.ai/concepts/co_239dd2af276d9542729e736cbacf84c6"},{"public_id":"co_52c1e6ca78456c90727356ce1e2a4098","status":"active","name":"CH4 uptake","description":"Net absorption of methane from the atmosphere by the soil.","types":["outcome"],"aliases":["methane uptake"],"contributors":[{"id":1,"public_id":"12632b8b5f","public_label":"Anonymous (12632b8b5f)","roles":["extraction"],"url":"https://sah.borca.ai/u/12632b8b5f"}],"url":"https://sah.borca.ai/concepts/co_52c1e6ca78456c90727356ce1e2a4098"},{"public_id":"co_5db332522536d8bc62469dbfc0606083","status":"active","name":"soil carbon cycle","description":"The cycling of carbon through soil processes such as decomposition and gas exchange.","types":["process"],"aliases":["C cycle"],"contributors":[{"id":1,"public_id":"12632b8b5f","public_label":"Anonymous (12632b8b5f)","roles":["extraction"],"url":"https://sah.borca.ai/u/12632b8b5f"}],"url":"https://sah.borca.ai/concepts/co_5db332522536d8bc62469dbfc0606083"},{"public_id":"co_70ee10100ed498e55e9f6ac94934ad91","status":"active","name":"soil nitrogen cycle","description":"The cycling of nitrogen through soil processes such as mineralization and nitrification.","types":["process"],"aliases":["N cycle"],"contributors":[{"id":1,"public_id":"12632b8b5f","public_label":"Anonymous (12632b8b5f)","roles":["extraction"],"url":"https://sah.borca.ai/u/12632b8b5f"}],"url":"https://sah.borca.ai/concepts/co_70ee10100ed498e55e9f6ac94934ad91"},{"public_id":"co_9ad1995abf706f9d0eddbc5324dcdd47","status":"active","name":"cumulative CO2 emissions","description":"Total carbon dioxide emissions accumulated over the maize season.","types":["outcome"],"aliases":["CO2 emissions"],"contributors":[{"id":1,"public_id":"12632b8b5f","public_label":"Anonymous (12632b8b5f)","roles":["extraction"],"url":"https://sah.borca.ai/u/12632b8b5f"}],"url":"https://sah.borca.ai/concepts/co_9ad1995abf706f9d0eddbc5324dcdd47"},{"public_id":"co_d28af6d1e14308993a5525d393cfe17a","status":"active","name":"North China Plain","description":"The agricultural region in China where the field experiment was conducted.","types":["location"],"aliases":["NCP"],"contributors":[{"id":1,"public_id":"12632b8b5f","public_label":"Anonymous (12632b8b5f)","roles":["extraction"],"url":"https://sah.borca.ai/u/12632b8b5f"}],"url":"https://sah.borca.ai/concepts/co_d28af6d1e14308993a5525d393cfe17a"},{"public_id":"co_dbc0a61d892155a22c0f6bca1a55f707","status":"active","name":"microbial activities","description":"Biological processes carried out by soil microorganisms that influence gas production and consumption.","types":["mechanism"],"aliases":["microbial activity"],"contributors":[{"id":1,"public_id":"12632b8b5f","public_label":"Anonymous (12632b8b5f)","roles":["extraction"],"url":"https://sah.borca.ai/u/12632b8b5f"}],"url":"https://sah.borca.ai/concepts/co_dbc0a61d892155a22c0f6bca1a55f707"},{"public_id":"co_fb7bf4434dbfdc1f747f2fd34937c92a","status":"active","name":"soil warming","description":"An experimental increase in soil temperature relative to ambient conditions.","types":["experimental treatment"],"aliases":["warming"],"contributors":[{"id":1,"public_id":"12632b8b5f","public_label":"Anonymous (12632b8b5f)","roles":["extraction"],"url":"https://sah.borca.ai/u/12632b8b5f"}],"url":"https://sah.borca.ai/concepts/co_fb7bf4434dbfdc1f747f2fd34937c92a"}],"external_ids":{"DOI":"10.1016/j.scitotenv.2020.139269","ArXiv":null,"PubMed":32450404,"PubMedCentral":null,"MAG":3023154362,"DBLP":null,"ACL":null},"open_access":{"is_open_access":false,"pdf_url":null,"landing_url":"https://sah.borca.ai/papers/218894133","source":null,"pdf_url_source":null,"license":null,"reason":"pdf_url_not_indexed"},"reference_availability":{"status":"available","references_indexed":true,"full_text_available":false,"full_text_source":null,"count_basis":"semantic_scholar_metadata","extraction_status":"not_applicable","reason":null},"source":{"provider":"episteme2","base_corpus":"semantic_scholar_dump","freshness_mode":"unknown","basis":["semantic_scholar_metadata","postgres_metadata"],"limits":["paper metadata is based on indexed upstream scholarly datasets","claims and concepts are available only for extracted papers","absence of claims or concepts means no extracted graph data is available in this response"],"status":"available","degraded":false,"degraded_reasons":[],"diagnostics":{"status":"available","degraded":false,"degraded_reasons":[],"metadata_status":"available","graph_status":"available","abstract_status":"available"},"source_flags":5},"paper_id":635804,"paper_uid":"9f917f74-cfb8-4c22-bd0f-8be5f7468f3e","canonical_identity":{"paper_id":635804,"paper_uid":"9f917f74-cfb8-4c22-bd0f-8be5f7468f3e","identity_status":"available","lookup_basis":"semantic_scholar_external_id","compatibility_path":"corpus_id"},"url":"https://sah.borca.ai/papers/218894133"}