{"corpus_id":221366787,"paper_sha":"0de12cd32229049a88130aaff12779319808fd00","doi":"10.1080/09537104.2020.1810224","arxiv_id":null,"pmid":32857624,"pmcid":null,"mag_id":3080224051,"dblp_id":null,"acl_id":null,"title":"A proof of evidence supporting abnormal immunothrombosis in severe COVID-19: naked megakaryocyte nuclei increase in the bone marrow and lungs of critically ill patients","year":2020,"publication_date":"2020-08-28","venue":"Platelets","journal":{"name":"Platelets","pages":"1085 - 1089","volume":"31"},"journal_issn":null,"journal_title":null,"publication_types":["JournalArticle"],"pubmed_pub_types":["Case Reports","Journal Article"],"s2_fields_of_study":["Medicine"],"reference_count":30,"citation_count":50,"influential_citation_count":1,"is_open_access":false,"arxiv_categories":null,"arxiv_license":null,"arxiv_journal_ref":null,"mesh_headings":[{"d":"Adult","mj":false,"ui":"D000328"},{"d":"Aged","mj":false,"ui":"D000368"},{"d":"Autopsy","mj":false,"ui":"D001344"},{"d":"Betacoronavirus","mj":false,"qs":[{"q":"immunology","mj":false,"ui":"Q000276"},{"q":"pathogenicity","mj":true,"ui":"Q000472"}],"ui":"D000073640"},{"d":"Bone Marrow","mj":false,"qs":[{"q":"immunology","mj":false,"ui":"Q000276"},{"q":"pathology","mj":true,"ui":"Q000473"},{"q":"virology","mj":false,"ui":"Q000821"}],"ui":"D001853"},{"d":"COVID-19","mj":false,"ui":"D000086382"},{"d":"Cell Nucleus","mj":false,"qs":[{"q":"immunology","mj":false,"ui":"Q000276"},{"q":"pathology","mj":false,"ui":"Q000473"},{"q":"virology","mj":false,"ui":"Q000821"}],"ui":"D002467"},{"d":"Coronavirus Infections","mj":false,"qs":[{"q":"complications","mj":false,"ui":"Q000150"},{"q":"immunology","mj":false,"ui":"Q000276"},{"q":"pathology","mj":true,"ui":"Q000473"},{"q":"virology","mj":false,"ui":"Q000821"}],"ui":"D018352"},{"d":"Critical Illness","mj":false,"ui":"D016638"},{"d":"Cytokine Release Syndrome","mj":false,"qs":[{"q":"complications","mj":false,"ui":"Q000150"},{"q":"immunology","mj":false,"ui":"Q000276"},{"q":"pathology","mj":true,"ui":"Q000473"},{"q":"virology","mj":false,"ui":"Q000821"}],"ui":"D000080424"},{"d":"Disseminated Intravascular Coagulation","mj":false,"qs":[{"q":"complications","mj":false,"ui":"Q000150"},{"q":"immunology","mj":false,"ui":"Q000276"},{"q":"pathology","mj":true,"ui":"Q000473"},{"q":"virology","mj":false,"ui":"Q000821"}],"ui":"D004211"},{"d":"Fatal Outcome","mj":false,"ui":"D017809"},{"d":"Host-Pathogen Interactions","mj":false,"qs":[{"q":"immunology","mj":false,"ui":"Q000276"}],"ui":"D054884"},{"d":"Humans","mj":false,"ui":"D006801"},{"d":"Interleukin-6","mj":false,"qs":[{"q":"biosynthesis","mj":false,"ui":"Q000096"},{"q":"immunology","mj":false,"ui":"Q000276"}],"ui":"D015850"},{"d":"Lung","mj":false,"qs":[{"q":"immunology","mj":false,"ui":"Q000276"},{"q":"pathology","mj":true,"ui":"Q000473"},{"q":"virology","mj":false,"ui":"Q000821"}],"ui":"D008168"},{"d":"Male","mj":false,"ui":"D008297"},{"d":"Megakaryocytes","mj":false,"qs":[{"q":"immunology","mj":false,"ui":"Q000276"},{"q":"pathology","mj":false,"ui":"Q000473"},{"q":"virology","mj":false,"ui":"Q000821"}],"ui":"D008533"},{"d":"Middle Aged","mj":false,"ui":"D008875"},{"d":"Pandemics","mj":false,"ui":"D058873"},{"d":"Pneumonia, Viral","mj":false,"qs":[{"q":"complications","mj":false,"ui":"Q000150"},{"q":"immunology","mj":false,"ui":"Q000276"},{"q":"pathology","mj":true,"ui":"Q000473"},{"q":"virology","mj":false,"ui":"Q000821"}],"ui":"D011024"},{"d":"SARS-CoV-2","mj":false,"ui":"D000086402"},{"d":"Severity of Illness Index","mj":false,"ui":"D012720"},{"d":"Thrombopoiesis","mj":false,"qs":[{"q":"immunology","mj":false,"ui":"Q000276"}],"ui":"D034061"},{"d":"Thrombosis","mj":false,"qs":[{"q":"complications","mj":false,"ui":"Q000150"},{"q":"immunology","mj":false,"ui":"Q000276"},{"q":"pathology","mj":true,"ui":"Q000473"},{"q":"virology","mj":false,"ui":"Q000821"}],"ui":"D013927"}],"chemicals":[{"n":"IL6 protein, human","ui":"C508600","reg":"0"},{"n":"Interleukin-6","ui":"D015850","reg":"0"}],"comments_corrections":null,"source_flags":5,"s2_open_access_pdf_url":null,"s2_open_access_landing_url":null,"s2_open_access_license":null,"s2_open_access_status":null,"pmc_open_access_pdf_url":null,"pmc_open_access_landing_url":null,"pmc_open_access_license":null,"pmc_open_access_status":null,"unpaywall_open_access_pdf_url":null,"unpaywall_open_access_landing_url":null,"unpaywall_open_access_license":null,"unpaywall_open_access_status":null,"abstract":"Abstract Coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) is a global public health emergency with many clinical facets, and new knowledge about its pathogenetic mechanisms is deemed necessary; among these, there are certainly coagulation disorders. In the history of medicine, autopsies and tissue sampling have played a fundamental role in order to understand the pathogenesis of emerging diseases, including infectious ones; compared to the past, histopathology can be now expanded by innovative techniques and modern technologies. For the first time in worldwide literature, we provide a detailed postmortem and biopsy report on the marked increase, up to 1 order of magnitude, of naked megakaryocyte nuclei in the bone marrow and lungs from serious COVID-19 patients. Most likely related to high interleukin-6 serum levels stimulating megakaryocytopoiesis, this phenomenon concurs to explain well the pulmonary abnormal immunothrombosis in these critically ill patients, all without molecular or electron microscopy signs of megakaryocyte infection.","claims":[{"public_id":"cl_5bfe634bb6e5a509a85fdda2a5b0556b","status":"active","text":"Marked increases, up to one order of magnitude, in naked megakaryocyte nuclei were observed in the bone marrow and lungs of critically ill COVID-19 patients.","confidence":0.98,"contributors":[{"id":1,"public_id":"12632b8b5f","public_label":"Anonymous (12632b8b5f)","roles":["extraction"],"url":"https://sah.borca.ai/u/12632b8b5f"}],"url":"https://sah.borca.ai/claims/cl_5bfe634bb6e5a509a85fdda2a5b0556b"},{"public_id":"cl_d678ab54289b5f9709a529ad876daad6","status":"active","text":"No molecular or electron microscopy signs of megakaryocyte infection were detected in these 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