{"corpus_id":225448828,"paper_sha":"f2c6b9ff58a7869c7372a862a04a9351d236f281","doi":"10.1016/j.ijhydene.2020.05.263","arxiv_id":null,"pmid":null,"pmcid":null,"mag_id":3047049188,"dblp_id":null,"acl_id":null,"title":"Three-dimensional multi-phase simulation of PEM fuel cell considering the full morphology of metal foam flow field","year":2020,"publication_date":"2020-08-06","venue":"","journal":{"name":"International Journal of Hydrogen Energy","pages":null,"volume":""},"journal_issn":null,"journal_title":null,"publication_types":[],"pubmed_pub_types":null,"s2_fields_of_study":["Materials Science","Engineering"],"reference_count":53,"citation_count":129,"influential_citation_count":2,"is_open_access":false,"arxiv_categories":null,"arxiv_license":null,"arxiv_journal_ref":null,"mesh_headings":null,"chemicals":null,"comments_corrections":null,"source_flags":1,"s2_open_access_pdf_url":null,"s2_open_access_landing_url":null,"s2_open_access_license":null,"s2_open_access_status":null,"pmc_open_access_pdf_url":null,"pmc_open_access_landing_url":null,"pmc_open_access_license":null,"pmc_open_access_status":null,"unpaywall_open_access_pdf_url":null,"unpaywall_open_access_landing_url":null,"unpaywall_open_access_license":null,"unpaywall_open_access_status":null,"abstract":"Abstract It is well-known that flow field design is of primary importance to optimization of proton exchange membrane (PEM) fuel cell. Traditional channel-rib flow fields, e.g. parallel or serpentine channels, always lead to non-uniform distributions of reactant gas, liquid, current density and so on between the channel and rib regions. Metal foam materials with high porosity (>90%) have been proposed as alternative flow fields for PEM fuel cells. In this study, influences of metal foam flow field on the transport phenomena coupled with the electrochemical reactions in PEM fuel cell are investigated using a three-dimensional (3D) multi-phase non-isothermal model. Specifically, the full morphology of metal foam flow field is taken into account in the 3D simulation after validated against experimental permeability data. The full morphology inclusion enables capture of the detailed gas flow from the flow field into the gas diffusion layer (GDL) and the current collection at the metal foam/GDL interface. In addition, compared with the conventional channel-rib flow fields, the metal foam design greatly increases fuel cell performance in the high current density regime. In addition, the oxygen and current density distributions in PEM fuel cell with the metal foam flow field are more uniform than those in the conventional one. Though the current collection area at the GDL surface is much smaller in the metal foam flow field, the relevant Ohmic loss won't increase significantly due to the improved physical contact by the fine pore structure of metal foam over the GDL.","claims":[{"public_id":"cl_387046fd3c4ebca2ce0bb0d932a4bc8a","status":"active","text":"A three-dimensional multi-phase non-isothermal model that includes the full morphology of the metal foam flow field captures detailed gas flow into the gas diffusion layer and current collection at the metal foam/gas diffusion layer interface.","confidence":0.94,"contributors":[{"id":1,"public_id":"12632b8b5f","public_label":"Anonymous (12632b8b5f)","roles":["extraction"],"url":"https://sah.borca.ai/u/12632b8b5f"}],"url":"https://sah.borca.ai/claims/cl_387046fd3c4ebca2ce0bb0d932a4bc8a"},{"public_id":"cl_0957a353afa13450755c8ecaae34d923","status":"active","text":"Oxygen and current density distributions are more uniform with the metal foam flow field than with the conventional flow field.","confidence":0.95,"contributors":[{"id":1,"public_id":"12632b8b5f","public_label":"Anonymous (12632b8b5f)","roles":["extraction"],"url":"https://sah.borca.ai/u/12632b8b5f"}],"url":"https://sah.borca.ai/claims/cl_0957a353afa13450755c8ecaae34d923"},{"public_id":"cl_9b5e30db54f653a949118f07460d1513","status":"active","text":"The current collection area at the gas diffusion layer surface is much smaller in the metal foam flow field, but the associated Ohmic loss does not increase significantly because of improved physical contact from the fine pore structure of the metal foam.","confidence":0.91,"contributors":[{"id":1,"public_id":"12632b8b5f","public_label":"Anonymous (12632b8b5f)","roles":["extraction"],"url":"https://sah.borca.ai/u/12632b8b5f"}],"url":"https://sah.borca.ai/claims/cl_9b5e30db54f653a949118f07460d1513"},{"public_id":"cl_838b8e0c34866bc3651960daa392fe9e","status":"active","text":"The metal foam flow field greatly increases fuel cell performance in the high current density regime compared with conventional channel-rib flow fields.","confidence":0.96,"contributors":[{"id":1,"public_id":"12632b8b5f","public_label":"Anonymous (12632b8b5f)","roles":["extraction"],"url":"https://sah.borca.ai/u/12632b8b5f"}],"url":"https://sah.borca.ai/claims/cl_838b8e0c34866bc3651960daa392fe9e"}],"concepts":[{"public_id":"co_01618d2d644229bd2379fb447a0e85dd","status":"active","name":"gas diffusion layer","description":"A porous layer in a fuel cell that transports reactants and supports current collection.","types":["component"],"aliases":["GDL"],"contributors":[{"id":1,"public_id":"12632b8b5f","public_label":"Anonymous (12632b8b5f)","roles":["extraction"],"url":"https://sah.borca.ai/u/12632b8b5f"}],"url":"https://sah.borca.ai/concepts/co_01618d2d644229bd2379fb447a0e85dd"},{"public_id":"co_1405e7119bf7b85c37b04bca36dd2c6d","status":"active","name":"three-dimensional multi-phase non-isothermal model","description":"A three-dimensional simulation model that accounts for multiple phases and heat effects in the fuel cell.","types":["model","simulation model"],"aliases":["3D multi-phase non-isothermal model"],"contributors":[{"id":1,"public_id":"12632b8b5f","public_label":"Anonymous (12632b8b5f)","roles":["extraction"],"url":"https://sah.borca.ai/u/12632b8b5f"}],"url":"https://sah.borca.ai/concepts/co_1405e7119bf7b85c37b04bca36dd2c6d"},{"public_id":"co_3714734ea95a16e21f0570a69a8205f2","status":"active","name":"oxygen and current density distributions","description":"Spatial distributions of oxygen concentration and current density within the fuel cell.","types":["distribution"],"aliases":[],"contributors":[{"id":1,"public_id":"12632b8b5f","public_label":"Anonymous (12632b8b5f)","roles":["extraction"],"url":"https://sah.borca.ai/u/12632b8b5f"}],"url":"https://sah.borca.ai/concepts/co_3714734ea95a16e21f0570a69a8205f2"},{"public_id":"co_40d132f3a0bd3345e48f2b6c5d7dc6eb","status":"active","name":"Ohmic loss","description":"Electrical resistance loss associated with current flow through the fuel-cell components.","types":["loss"],"aliases":[],"contributors":[{"id":1,"public_id":"12632b8b5f","public_label":"Anonymous (12632b8b5f)","roles":["extraction"],"url":"https://sah.borca.ai/u/12632b8b5f"}],"url":"https://sah.borca.ai/concepts/co_40d132f3a0bd3345e48f2b6c5d7dc6eb"},{"public_id":"co_86e659bae6c0a5664047261d218237e5","status":"active","name":"current collection area","description":"The surface area over which electrical current is collected at the gas diffusion layer interface.","types":["geometric property"],"aliases":[],"contributors":[{"id":1,"public_id":"12632b8b5f","public_label":"Anonymous (12632b8b5f)","roles":["extraction"],"url":"https://sah.borca.ai/u/12632b8b5f"}],"url":"https://sah.borca.ai/concepts/co_86e659bae6c0a5664047261d218237e5"},{"public_id":"co_87cadb38bf5f494ff3b5f620ffcbd645","status":"active","name":"metal foam flow field","description":"A porous metal-foam-based flow-field design used to distribute reactant gases in a fuel cell.","types":["design","flow field"],"aliases":["metal foam"],"contributors":[{"id":1,"public_id":"12632b8b5f","public_label":"Anonymous (12632b8b5f)","roles":["extraction"],"url":"https://sah.borca.ai/u/12632b8b5f"}],"url":"https://sah.borca.ai/concepts/co_87cadb38bf5f494ff3b5f620ffcbd645"},{"public_id":"co_c038b4a36a5a3d153bdcda5af3fe9bdf","status":"active","name":"proton exchange membrane fuel cell","description":"An electrochemical fuel cell that uses a proton-conducting membrane to generate electricity from reactants.","types":["device"],"aliases":["PEM fuel cell","PEMFC"],"contributors":[{"id":1,"public_id":"12632b8b5f","public_label":"Anonymous (12632b8b5f)","roles":["extraction"],"url":"https://sah.borca.ai/u/12632b8b5f"}],"url":"https://sah.borca.ai/concepts/co_c038b4a36a5a3d153bdcda5af3fe9bdf"},{"public_id":"co_c88ed740c161bb5ad134f38215dadbbf","status":"active","name":"conventional channel-rib flow fields","description":"Traditional 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