{"corpus_id":23940955,"paper_sha":"8b42bd68ec1f347cf2a45efbea141b550d124aec","doi":"10.7150/jca.20380","arxiv_id":null,"pmid":29151976,"pmcid":"5688942","mag_id":2765697997,"dblp_id":null,"acl_id":null,"title":"Aqueous Huaier Extract Suppresses Gastric Cancer Metastasis and Epithelial to Mesenchymal Transition by Targeting Twist","year":2017,"publication_date":"2017-10-19","venue":"Journal of Cancer","journal":{"name":"Journal of Cancer","pages":"3876 - 3886","volume":"8"},"journal_issn":null,"journal_title":null,"publication_types":["JournalArticle"],"pubmed_pub_types":["Journal Article"],"s2_fields_of_study":["Biology","Medicine","Chemistry"],"reference_count":30,"citation_count":45,"influential_citation_count":4,"is_open_access":true,"arxiv_categories":null,"arxiv_license":null,"arxiv_journal_ref":null,"mesh_headings":null,"chemicals":null,"comments_corrections":null,"source_flags":5,"s2_open_access_pdf_url":"https://www.jcancer.org/v08p3876.pdf","s2_open_access_landing_url":"https://www.semanticscholar.org/paper/8b42bd68ec1f347cf2a45efbea141b550d124aec","s2_open_access_license":"CCBYNC","s2_open_access_status":"GOLD","pmc_open_access_pdf_url":null,"pmc_open_access_landing_url":null,"pmc_open_access_license":null,"pmc_open_access_status":null,"unpaywall_open_access_pdf_url":null,"unpaywall_open_access_landing_url":null,"unpaywall_open_access_license":null,"unpaywall_open_access_status":null,"abstract":"Trametes robiniophila Murr. (Huaier) is a widely used anti-cancer agent in China. Strong evidence for the anti-proliferative activity of Huaier has been reported; however, its anti-metastatic potential against gastric cancer (GC) as well as its underlying mechanism of action are unknown. Here, we show that treatment with an aqueous Huaier extract over a range of concentrations significantly suppressed both the invasiveness and migratory ability of GC cells. Huaier could also partly reverse the epithelial-mesenchymal transition (EMT), as characterized by increased expression of the epithelial marker E-cadherin and decreased expression of the mesenchymal markers N-cadherin and vimentin. In addition, Huaier-treated cells expressed lower levels of Twist compared to untreated controls, and overexpression of Twist via transfection could partially abolish the anti-metastatic activity of Huaier. Furthermore, elevated Twist expression was correlated with an advanced TNM stage, a high rate of lymph node metastasis, and reduced disease-free survival in GC patients. These findings reveal a novel anti-metastatic mechanism for Huaier, which inhibits the EMT by targeting Twist, suggesting its potential application against a GC relapse.","claims":[{"public_id":"cl_86f3f0cee9db1b748eb572f2773024e3","status":"active","text":"Aqueous Huaier extract partially reverses epithelial-mesenchymal transition in gastric cancer cells, increasing E-cadherin and decreasing N-cadherin and vimentin.","confidence":0.97,"contributors":[{"id":1,"public_id":"12632b8b5f","public_label":"Anonymous (12632b8b5f)","roles":["extraction"],"url":"https://sah.borca.ai/u/12632b8b5f"}],"url":"https://sah.borca.ai/claims/cl_86f3f0cee9db1b748eb572f2773024e3"},{"public_id":"cl_70ce5bd99e43c60f33b2eb9bfd89a252","status":"active","text":"Aqueous Huaier extract significantly suppresses the invasiveness and migratory ability of gastric cancer cells across a range of concentrations.","confidence":0.98,"contributors":[{"id":1,"public_id":"12632b8b5f","public_label":"Anonymous (12632b8b5f)","roles":["extraction"],"url":"https://sah.borca.ai/u/12632b8b5f"}],"url":"https://sah.borca.ai/claims/cl_70ce5bd99e43c60f33b2eb9bfd89a252"},{"public_id":"cl_f91789451ba7ff661a5205937fafd2fe","status":"active","text":"Elevated Twist expression is associated with advanced TNM stage, a high rate of lymph node metastasis, and reduced disease-free survival in gastric cancer patients.","confidence":0.95,"contributors":[{"id":1,"public_id":"12632b8b5f","public_label":"Anonymous (12632b8b5f)","roles":["extraction"],"url":"https://sah.borca.ai/u/12632b8b5f"}],"url":"https://sah.borca.ai/claims/cl_f91789451ba7ff661a5205937fafd2fe"},{"public_id":"cl_f423c66e2c4136e1160d6ec1f48a64ca","status":"active","text":"Twist expression is reduced by Huaier treatment, and Twist overexpression partially abolishes Huaier's anti-metastatic activity.","confidence":0.96,"contributors":[{"id":1,"public_id":"12632b8b5f","public_label":"Anonymous (12632b8b5f)","roles":["extraction"],"url":"https://sah.borca.ai/u/12632b8b5f"}],"url":"https://sah.borca.ai/claims/cl_f423c66e2c4136e1160d6ec1f48a64ca"}],"concepts":[{"public_id":"co_024f2b549ab2ca250bf351534e067d7e","status":"active","name":"invasiveness and migratory ability","description":"Cellular capacities for invading through barriers and moving across a surface, used as metastasis-related phenotypes.","types":["phenotype","cell behavior"],"aliases":["invasion and migration"],"contributors":[{"id":1,"public_id":"12632b8b5f","public_label":"Anonymous (12632b8b5f)","roles":["extraction"],"url":"https://sah.borca.ai/u/12632b8b5f"}],"url":"https://sah.borca.ai/concepts/co_024f2b549ab2ca250bf351534e067d7e"},{"public_id":"co_0c6b6aad899031df1f618058eb762118","status":"active","name":"disease-free survival","description":"The length of time after treatment during which no disease recurrence is observed.","types":["clinical outcome","survival 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(Huaier) used as the intervention in the study.","types":["extract","therapeutic agent"],"aliases":["Huaier","Huaier extract"],"contributors":[{"id":1,"public_id":"12632b8b5f","public_label":"Anonymous (12632b8b5f)","roles":["extraction"],"url":"https://sah.borca.ai/u/12632b8b5f"}],"url":"https://sah.borca.ai/concepts/co_96371537031c2ab87e8a2d203fb2bf98"},{"public_id":"co_998e7c5ba3eda6982340e4b74710d3ff","status":"active","name":"epithelial-mesenchymal transition","description":"A cellular transition involving loss of epithelial features and gain of mesenchymal traits.","types":["biological process"],"aliases":["EMT"],"contributors":[{"id":1,"public_id":"12632b8b5f","public_label":"Anonymous (12632b8b5f)","roles":["extraction"],"url":"https://sah.borca.ai/u/12632b8b5f"}],"url":"https://sah.borca.ai/concepts/co_998e7c5ba3eda6982340e4b74710d3ff"},{"public_id":"co_9c7e237a6bf16b2fc5459cdccc246ba6","status":"active","name":"vimentin","description":"A mesenchymal intermediate filament protein used as a marker of mesenchymal transition.","types":["protein","marker"],"aliases":[],"contributors":[{"id":1,"public_id":"12632b8b5f","public_label":"Anonymous (12632b8b5f)","roles":["extraction"],"url":"https://sah.borca.ai/u/12632b8b5f"}],"url":"https://sah.borca.ai/concepts/co_9c7e237a6bf16b2fc5459cdccc246ba6"},{"public_id":"co_b48cec1e31d500df68f1aa985ebdd9cf","status":"active","name":"E-cadherin","description":"An epithelial marker protein whose expression reflects epithelial cell characteristics.","types":["protein","marker"],"aliases":[],"contributors":[{"id":1,"public_id":"12632b8b5f","public_label":"Anonymous (12632b8b5f)","roles":["extraction"],"url":"https://sah.borca.ai/u/12632b8b5f"}],"url":"https://sah.borca.ai/concepts/co_b48cec1e31d500df68f1aa985ebdd9cf"},{"public_id":"co_d5c51354cc3e7ac92afcc88f969ea6d9","status":"active","name":"anti-metastatic activity","description":"An effect that suppresses metastatic behaviors such as invasion and migration.","types":["biological activity","therapeutic effect"],"aliases":["anti-metastatic effect"],"contributors":[{"id":1,"public_id":"12632b8b5f","public_label":"Anonymous (12632b8b5f)","roles":["extraction"],"url":"https://sah.borca.ai/u/12632b8b5f"}],"url":"https://sah.borca.ai/concepts/co_d5c51354cc3e7ac92afcc88f969ea6d9"},{"public_id":"co_fec69767e934d65443a27bc4a8bd8c11","status":"active","name":"gastric cancer cells","description":"Cancer cells derived from gastric cancer used to test migration, invasion, and molecular effects.","types":["cell line","cancer model"],"aliases":["GC cells"],"contributors":[{"id":1,"public_id":"12632b8b5f","public_label":"Anonymous (12632b8b5f)","roles":["extraction"],"url":"https://sah.borca.ai/u/12632b8b5f"}],"url":"https://sah.borca.ai/concepts/co_fec69767e934d65443a27bc4a8bd8c11"}],"external_ids":{"DOI":"10.7150/jca.20380","ArXiv":null,"PubMed":29151976,"PubMedCentral":"5688942","MAG":2765697997,"DBLP":null,"ACL":null},"open_access":{"is_open_access":true,"pdf_url":"https://www.jcancer.org/v08p3876.pdf","landing_url":"https://www.semanticscholar.org/paper/8b42bd68ec1f347cf2a45efbea141b550d124aec","source":"semantic_scholar","pdf_url_source":"semantic_scholar_open_access_pdf","license":"CCBYNC","status":"GOLD","reason":null},"reference_availability":{"status":"available","references_indexed":true,"full_text_available":false,"full_text_source":null,"count_basis":"semantic_scholar_metadata","extraction_status":"not_applicable","reason":null},"source":{"provider":"episteme2","base_corpus":"semantic_scholar_dump","freshness_mode":"unknown","basis":["semantic_scholar_metadata","postgres_metadata"],"limits":["paper metadata is based on indexed upstream scholarly datasets","claims and concepts are available only for extracted papers","absence of claims or concepts means no extracted graph data is available in this response"],"status":"available","degraded":false,"degraded_reasons":[],"diagnostics":{"status":"available","degraded":false,"degraded_reasons":[],"metadata_status":"available","graph_status":"available","abstract_status":"available"},"source_flags":5},"paper_id":637095,"paper_uid":"a2026ee3-83b5-48ca-971c-ec8f08da6bd3","canonical_identity":{"paper_id":637095,"paper_uid":"a2026ee3-83b5-48ca-971c-ec8f08da6bd3","identity_status":"available","lookup_basis":"semantic_scholar_external_id","compatibility_path":"corpus_id"},"url":"https://sah.borca.ai/papers/23940955"}