{"corpus_id":25218390,"paper_sha":"bed5b71bf10c338ccbb3f1a84580218e971cf71f","doi":"10.4049/jimmunol.160.10.4747","arxiv_id":null,"pmid":9590220,"pmcid":null,"mag_id":1507989802,"dblp_id":null,"acl_id":null,"title":"Expression of bright at two distinct stages of B lymphocyte development.","year":1998,"publication_date":"1998-05-15","venue":"Journal of Immunology","journal":{"name":"Journal of immunology","pages":"\n          4747-54\n        ","volume":"160 10"},"journal_issn":null,"journal_title":null,"publication_types":["JournalArticle"],"pubmed_pub_types":["Journal Article","Research Support, Non-U.S. Gov't","Research Support, U.S. Gov't, P.H.S."],"s2_fields_of_study":["Biology","Medicine"],"reference_count":40,"citation_count":60,"influential_citation_count":1,"is_open_access":true,"arxiv_categories":null,"arxiv_license":null,"arxiv_journal_ref":null,"mesh_headings":[{"d":"Animals","mj":false,"ui":"D000818"},{"d":"B-Lymphocytes","mj":false,"qs":[{"q":"physiology","mj":true,"ui":"Q000502"}],"ui":"D001402"},{"d":"Cell Differentiation","mj":false,"ui":"D002454"},{"d":"DNA","mj":false,"qs":[{"q":"metabolism","mj":false,"ui":"Q000378"}],"ui":"D004247"},{"d":"DNA-Binding Proteins","mj":false,"qs":[{"q":"analysis","mj":false,"ui":"Q000032"},{"q":"physiology","mj":true,"ui":"Q000502"}],"ui":"D004268"},{"d":"Embryonic and Fetal Development","mj":false,"ui":"D005314"},{"d":"Female","mj":false,"ui":"D005260"},{"d":"Hematopoiesis","mj":false,"ui":"D006410"},{"d":"Male","mj":false,"ui":"D008297"},{"d":"Mice","mj":false,"ui":"D051379"},{"d":"Mice, Inbred BALB C","mj":false,"ui":"D008807"},{"d":"Mice, Inbred C57BL","mj":false,"ui":"D008810"},{"d":"Oncogenes","mj":true,"ui":"D009857"},{"d":"Polymerase Chain Reaction","mj":false,"ui":"D016133"},{"d":"Thymus Gland","mj":false,"qs":[{"q":"chemistry","mj":false,"ui":"Q000737"}],"ui":"D013950"},{"d":"Trans-Activators","mj":false,"qs":[{"q":"analysis","mj":false,"ui":"Q000032"},{"q":"physiology","mj":true,"ui":"Q000502"}],"ui":"D015534"},{"d":"Transcription Factors","mj":false,"ui":"D014157"}],"chemicals":[{"n":"Arid3a protein, mouse","ui":"C097532","reg":"0"},{"n":"DNA-Binding Proteins","ui":"D004268","reg":"0"},{"n":"Trans-Activators","ui":"D015534","reg":"0"},{"n":"Transcription Factors","ui":"D014157","reg":"0"},{"n":"DNA","ui":"D004247","reg":"9007-49-2"}],"comments_corrections":null,"source_flags":5,"s2_open_access_pdf_url":"https://journals.aai.org/jimmunol/article-pdf/160/10/4747/1081458/im109804747o.pdf","s2_open_access_landing_url":"https://www.semanticscholar.org/paper/bed5b71bf10c338ccbb3f1a84580218e971cf71f","s2_open_access_license":null,"s2_open_access_status":"BRONZE","pmc_open_access_pdf_url":null,"pmc_open_access_landing_url":null,"pmc_open_access_license":null,"pmc_open_access_status":null,"unpaywall_open_access_pdf_url":null,"unpaywall_open_access_landing_url":null,"unpaywall_open_access_license":null,"unpaywall_open_access_status":null,"abstract":"The B cell regulator of Ig heavy chain transcription (Bright) is a DNA-binding protein that was originally discovered in a mature Ag-specific B cell line after stimulation with IL-5 and Ag. It binds to the intronic heavy chain enhancer and 5' of the V1 S107 family V(H) promoter. Several studies suggested that Bright may increase transcription of the heavy chain locus, and expression in cell lines was limited to those representing mature B cells. We have now analyzed normal hemopoietic tissues for the expression of Bright during B lymphocyte differentiation. We expected to find Bright expression in a subset of mature spleen cells, but also observed Bright in a subset of normal B lymphocytic progenitors in both adult bone marrow (BM) and in fetal liver as early as day 12 of gestation. Bright was also expressed in the small percentage of CD4(low) cells in the thymus that are newly arrived from the BM and are not yet committed to the T lymphocyte lineage, but was not observed at later stages of T cell differentiation in either the spleen or thymus. Bright mRNA was not detected in the immature B lymphocytes that initially populate the spleen after migration from the BM. In addition, new splice variants of Bright were observed in fetal tissues. Thus, Bright expression is highly regulated in normal murine lymphocytes and occurs both early and late during B cell differentiation. These findings may have important implications for the function of Bright in regulating Ig transcription.","claims":[{"public_id":"cl_aa56c38fed7332ebd33ae2364ba50f90","status":"active","text":"Bright expression is highly regulated in normal murine lymphocytes and occurs both early and late during B cell differentiation.","confidence":0.85,"contributors":[{"id":1165,"public_id":"ezd9qvkvax","public_label":"The Reverser‮ (ezd9qvkvax)","roles":["extraction"],"url":"https://sah.borca.ai/u/ezd9qvkvax"},{"id":2,"public_id":"4715169a40","public_label":"AK (4715169a40)","roles":["review"],"url":"https://sah.borca.ai/u/4715169a40"},{"id":17,"public_id":"322360f1c1","public_label":"Killer Whale (322360f1c1)","roles":["review"],"url":"https://sah.borca.ai/u/322360f1c1"}],"url":"https://sah.borca.ai/claims/cl_aa56c38fed7332ebd33ae2364ba50f90"},{"public_id":"cl_d28a06eb60441067e4d30ba73bcf66b0","status":"active","text":"Bright is expressed in CD4(low) cells in the thymus that are newly arrived from bone marrow and not yet committed to the T lymphocyte lineage, but is not observed at later stages of T cell differentiation.","confidence":0.9,"contributors":[{"id":1165,"public_id":"ezd9qvkvax","public_label":"The Reverser‮ (ezd9qvkvax)","roles":["extraction"],"url":"https://sah.borca.ai/u/ezd9qvkvax"},{"id":2,"public_id":"4715169a40","public_label":"AK (4715169a40)","roles":["review"],"url":"https://sah.borca.ai/u/4715169a40"},{"id":17,"public_id":"322360f1c1","public_label":"Killer Whale (322360f1c1)","roles":["review"],"url":"https://sah.borca.ai/u/322360f1c1"}],"url":"https://sah.borca.ai/claims/cl_d28a06eb60441067e4d30ba73bcf66b0"},{"public_id":"cl_adaf65b3324178fb41f77120eeb54268","status":"active","text":"Bright is expressed in a subset of normal B lymphocytic progenitors in adult bone marrow and in fetal liver as early as day 12 of gestation.","confidence":0.9,"contributors":[{"id":1165,"public_id":"ezd9qvkvax","public_label":"The Reverser‮ (ezd9qvkvax)","roles":["extraction"],"url":"https://sah.borca.ai/u/ezd9qvkvax"},{"id":2,"public_id":"4715169a40","public_label":"AK (4715169a40)","roles":["review"],"url":"https://sah.borca.ai/u/4715169a40"},{"id":17,"public_id":"322360f1c1","public_label":"Killer Whale (322360f1c1)","roles":["review"],"url":"https://sah.borca.ai/u/322360f1c1"}],"url":"https://sah.borca.ai/claims/cl_adaf65b3324178fb41f77120eeb54268"},{"public_id":"cl_d6b69e14ebd1637ff5f00186947c6efb","status":"active","text":"Bright mRNA was not detected in the immature B lymphocytes that initially populate the spleen after migration from the bone marrow.","confidence":0.9,"contributors":[{"id":1165,"public_id":"ezd9qvkvax","public_label":"The Reverser‮ (ezd9qvkvax)","roles":["extraction"],"url":"https://sah.borca.ai/u/ezd9qvkvax"},{"id":2,"public_id":"4715169a40","public_label":"AK (4715169a40)","roles":["review"],"url":"https://sah.borca.ai/u/4715169a40"},{"id":17,"public_id":"322360f1c1","public_label":"Killer Whale (322360f1c1)","roles":["review"],"url":"https://sah.borca.ai/u/322360f1c1"}],"url":"https://sah.borca.ai/claims/cl_d6b69e14ebd1637ff5f00186947c6efb"},{"public_id":"cl_5a117187e167901e391604d1dabe62ab","status":"active","text":"New splice variants of Bright were observed in fetal tissues.","confidence":0.8,"contributors":[{"id":1165,"public_id":"ezd9qvkvax","public_label":"The Reverser‮ (ezd9qvkvax)","roles":["extraction"],"url":"https://sah.borca.ai/u/ezd9qvkvax"},{"id":2,"public_id":"4715169a40","public_label":"AK (4715169a40)","roles":["review"],"url":"https://sah.borca.ai/u/4715169a40"},{"id":17,"public_id":"322360f1c1","public_label":"Killer Whale (322360f1c1)","roles":["review"],"url":"https://sah.borca.ai/u/322360f1c1"}],"url":"https://sah.borca.ai/claims/cl_5a117187e167901e391604d1dabe62ab"}],"concepts":[{"public_id":"co_03ca052b3187fed9ee5463d4a81e4609","status":"active","name":"immature B lymphocytes","description":"B cells that initially populate the spleen after migration from bone marrow, in which Bright mRNA was not detected.","types":["cell type"],"aliases":[],"contributors":[{"id":1165,"public_id":"ezd9qvkvax","public_label":"The Reverser‮ (ezd9qvkvax)","roles":["extraction"],"url":"https://sah.borca.ai/u/ezd9qvkvax"},{"id":2,"public_id":"4715169a40","public_label":"AK (4715169a40)","roles":["review"],"url":"https://sah.borca.ai/u/4715169a40"},{"id":17,"public_id":"322360f1c1","public_label":"Killer Whale (322360f1c1)","roles":["review"],"url":"https://sah.borca.ai/u/322360f1c1"}],"url":"https://sah.borca.ai/concepts/co_03ca052b3187fed9ee5463d4a81e4609"},{"public_id":"co_18660f008964751aeb39fa8865f891a7","status":"active","name":"CD4(low) cells","description":"A subset of thymic cells that are newly arrived from bone marrow and not yet committed to the T lymphocyte lineage, expressing Bright.","types":["cell type"],"aliases":[],"contributors":[{"id":1165,"public_id":"ezd9qvkvax","public_label":"The Reverser‮ (ezd9qvkvax)","roles":["extraction"],"url":"https://sah.borca.ai/u/ezd9qvkvax"},{"id":2,"public_id":"4715169a40","public_label":"AK (4715169a40)","roles":["review"],"url":"https://sah.borca.ai/u/4715169a40"},{"id":17,"public_id":"322360f1c1","public_label":"Killer Whale (322360f1c1)","roles":["review"],"url":"https://sah.borca.ai/u/322360f1c1"}],"url":"https://sah.borca.ai/concepts/co_18660f008964751aeb39fa8865f891a7"},{"public_id":"co_428559b7c694400251b09c204816b9d8","status":"active","name":"fetal liver","description":"Fetal liver tissue where Bright-expressing B lymphocytic progenitors are found as early as day 12 of gestation.","types":["tissue"],"aliases":[],"contributors":[{"id":1165,"public_id":"ezd9qvkvax","public_label":"The Reverser‮ (ezd9qvkvax)","roles":["extraction"],"url":"https://sah.borca.ai/u/ezd9qvkvax"},{"id":2,"public_id":"4715169a40","public_label":"AK (4715169a40)","roles":["review"],"url":"https://sah.borca.ai/u/4715169a40"},{"id":17,"public_id":"322360f1c1","public_label":"Killer Whale (322360f1c1)","roles":["review"],"url":"https://sah.borca.ai/u/322360f1c1"}],"url":"https://sah.borca.ai/concepts/co_428559b7c694400251b09c204816b9d8"},{"public_id":"co_47d9e8b4e30fbde2a890efd2bc007797","status":"active","name":"splice variants","description":"Alternative splicing products of Bright observed in fetal tissues.","types":["genetic variant"],"aliases":[],"contributors":[{"id":1165,"public_id":"ezd9qvkvax","public_label":"The Reverser‮ (ezd9qvkvax)","roles":["extraction"],"url":"https://sah.borca.ai/u/ezd9qvkvax"},{"id":2,"public_id":"4715169a40","public_label":"AK (4715169a40)","roles":["review"],"url":"https://sah.borca.ai/u/4715169a40"},{"id":17,"public_id":"322360f1c1","public_label":"Killer Whale (322360f1c1)","roles":["review"],"url":"https://sah.borca.ai/u/322360f1c1"}],"url":"https://sah.borca.ai/concepts/co_47d9e8b4e30fbde2a890efd2bc007797"},{"public_id":"co_5567c32ca6ae774e4576b463a12662fc","status":"active","name":"spleen","description":"Spleen tissue where immature B lymphocytes do not express Bright.","types":["tissue"],"aliases":[],"contributors":[{"id":1165,"public_id":"ezd9qvkvax","public_label":"The Reverser‮ (ezd9qvkvax)","roles":["extraction"],"url":"https://sah.borca.ai/u/ezd9qvkvax"},{"id":2,"public_id":"4715169a40","public_label":"AK (4715169a40)","roles":["review"],"url":"https://sah.borca.ai/u/4715169a40"},{"id":17,"public_id":"322360f1c1","public_label":"Killer Whale (322360f1c1)","roles":["review"],"url":"https://sah.borca.ai/u/322360f1c1"}],"url":"https://sah.borca.ai/concepts/co_5567c32ca6ae774e4576b463a12662fc"},{"public_id":"co_589ace9518fd0431e47c4ae02ce638c2","status":"active","name":"thymus","description":"Thymus tissue where CD4(low) cells express Bright.","types":["tissue"],"aliases":[],"contributors":[{"id":1165,"public_id":"ezd9qvkvax","public_label":"The Reverser‮ (ezd9qvkvax)","roles":["extraction"],"url":"https://sah.borca.ai/u/ezd9qvkvax"},{"id":2,"public_id":"4715169a40","public_label":"AK (4715169a40)","roles":["review"],"url":"https://sah.borca.ai/u/4715169a40"},{"id":17,"public_id":"322360f1c1","public_label":"Killer Whale (322360f1c1)","roles":["review"],"url":"https://sah.borca.ai/u/322360f1c1"}],"url":"https://sah.borca.ai/concepts/co_589ace9518fd0431e47c4ae02ce638c2"},{"public_id":"co_589fc97fe4077763d2bd9b07ac4799dc","status":"active","name":"adult bone marrow","description":"Adult bone marrow tissue where Bright-expressing B lymphocytic progenitors are found.","types":["tissue"],"aliases":["BM"],"contributors":[{"id":1165,"public_id":"ezd9qvkvax","public_label":"The Reverser‮ (ezd9qvkvax)","roles":["extraction"],"url":"https://sah.borca.ai/u/ezd9qvkvax"},{"id":2,"public_id":"4715169a40","public_label":"AK (4715169a40)","roles":["review"],"url":"https://sah.borca.ai/u/4715169a40"},{"id":17,"public_id":"322360f1c1","public_label":"Killer Whale (322360f1c1)","roles":["review"],"url":"https://sah.borca.ai/u/322360f1c1"}],"url":"https://sah.borca.ai/concepts/co_589fc97fe4077763d2bd9b07ac4799dc"},{"public_id":"co_75e7f789c67d84a81ce5a6d03d01b771","status":"active","name":"B cell differentiation","description":"The process of B lymphocyte development in which Bright expression occurs both early and late.","types":["biological process"],"aliases":[],"contributors":[{"id":1165,"public_id":"ezd9qvkvax","public_label":"The Reverser‮ (ezd9qvkvax)","roles":["extraction"],"url":"https://sah.borca.ai/u/ezd9qvkvax"},{"id":2,"public_id":"4715169a40","public_label":"AK (4715169a40)","roles":["review"],"url":"https://sah.borca.ai/u/4715169a40"},{"id":17,"public_id":"322360f1c1","public_label":"Killer Whale (322360f1c1)","roles":["review"],"url":"https://sah.borca.ai/u/322360f1c1"}],"url":"https://sah.borca.ai/concepts/co_75e7f789c67d84a81ce5a6d03d01b771"},{"public_id":"co_9d606230a901d043fe14aec4f81c6083","status":"active","name":"fetal tissues","description":"Tissues from the fetal stage where new splice variants of Bright are observed.","types":["tissue"],"aliases":[],"contributors":[{"id":1165,"public_id":"ezd9qvkvax","public_label":"The Reverser‮ (ezd9qvkvax)","roles":["extraction"],"url":"https://sah.borca.ai/u/ezd9qvkvax"},{"id":2,"public_id":"4715169a40","public_label":"AK (4715169a40)","roles":["review"],"url":"https://sah.borca.ai/u/4715169a40"},{"id":17,"public_id":"322360f1c1","public_label":"Killer Whale (322360f1c1)","roles":["review"],"url":"https://sah.borca.ai/u/322360f1c1"}],"url":"https://sah.borca.ai/concepts/co_9d606230a901d043fe14aec4f81c6083"},{"public_id":"co_b6000614979eb16106d64dd6e79a9396","status":"active","name":"B lymphocytic progenitors","description":"Early B cell precursors in bone marrow and fetal liver that express Bright.","types":["cell type"],"aliases":[],"contributors":[{"id":1165,"public_id":"ezd9qvkvax","public_label":"The Reverser‮ (ezd9qvkvax)","roles":["extraction"],"url":"https://sah.borca.ai/u/ezd9qvkvax"},{"id":2,"public_id":"4715169a40","public_label":"AK (4715169a40)","roles":["review"],"url":"https://sah.borca.ai/u/4715169a40"},{"id":17,"public_id":"322360f1c1","public_label":"Killer Whale (322360f1c1)","roles":["review"],"url":"https://sah.borca.ai/u/322360f1c1"}],"url":"https://sah.borca.ai/concepts/co_b6000614979eb16106d64dd6e79a9396"},{"public_id":"co_eceeda84c06a13c627f75a0a6bfaf262","status":"active","name":"T cell differentiation","description":"Later stages of T cell differentiation in which Bright is not observed.","types":["biological process"],"aliases":[],"contributors":[{"id":1165,"public_id":"ezd9qvkvax","public_label":"The Reverser‮ (ezd9qvkvax)","roles":["extraction"],"url":"https://sah.borca.ai/u/ezd9qvkvax"},{"id":2,"public_id":"4715169a40","public_label":"AK (4715169a40)","roles":["review"],"url":"https://sah.borca.ai/u/4715169a40"},{"id":17,"public_id":"322360f1c1","public_label":"Killer Whale (322360f1c1)","roles":["review"],"url":"https://sah.borca.ai/u/322360f1c1"}],"url":"https://sah.borca.ai/concepts/co_eceeda84c06a13c627f75a0a6bfaf262"},{"public_id":"co_fd58a6afe971d70d66d6c9ad086339d1","status":"active","name":"Bright","description":"The B cell regulator of Ig heavy chain transcription, a DNA-binding protein that binds to the intronic heavy chain enhancer and 5' of the V1 S107 family V(H) promoter.","types":["protein"],"aliases":["B cell regulator of Ig heavy chain transcription"],"contributors":[{"id":1165,"public_id":"ezd9qvkvax","public_label":"The Reverser‮ (ezd9qvkvax)","roles":["extraction"],"url":"https://sah.borca.ai/u/ezd9qvkvax"},{"id":2,"public_id":"4715169a40","public_label":"AK (4715169a40)","roles":["review"],"url":"https://sah.borca.ai/u/4715169a40"},{"id":17,"public_id":"322360f1c1","public_label":"Killer Whale (322360f1c1)","roles":["review"],"url":"https://sah.borca.ai/u/322360f1c1"}],"url":"https://sah.borca.ai/concepts/co_fd58a6afe971d70d66d6c9ad086339d1"}],"external_ids":{"DOI":"10.4049/jimmunol.160.10.4747","ArXiv":null,"PubMed":9590220,"PubMedCentral":null,"MAG":1507989802,"DBLP":null,"ACL":null},"open_access":{"is_open_access":true,"pdf_url":"https://journals.aai.org/jimmunol/article-pdf/160/10/4747/1081458/im109804747o.pdf","landing_url":"https://www.semanticscholar.org/paper/bed5b71bf10c338ccbb3f1a84580218e971cf71f","source":"semantic_scholar","pdf_url_source":"semantic_scholar_open_access_pdf","license":null,"status":"BRONZE","reason":null},"reference_availability":{"status":"available","references_indexed":true,"full_text_available":false,"full_text_source":null,"count_basis":"semantic_scholar_metadata","extraction_status":"not_applicable","reason":null},"source":{"provider":"episteme2","base_corpus":"semantic_scholar_dump","freshness_mode":"unknown","basis":["semantic_scholar_metadata","postgres_metadata"],"limits":["paper metadata is based on indexed upstream scholarly datasets","claims and concepts are available only for extracted papers","absence of claims or concepts means no extracted graph data is available in this response"],"status":"available","degraded":false,"degraded_reasons":[],"diagnostics":{"status":"available","degraded":false,"degraded_reasons":[],"metadata_status":"available","graph_status":"available","abstract_status":"available"},"source_flags":5},"paper_id":630652,"paper_uid":"0df81558-51f5-45fc-95f4-474584e11266","canonical_identity":{"paper_id":630652,"paper_uid":"0df81558-51f5-45fc-95f4-474584e11266","identity_status":"available","lookup_basis":"semantic_scholar_external_id","compatibility_path":"corpus_id"},"url":"https://sah.borca.ai/papers/25218390"}