{"corpus_id":255197417,"paper_sha":"450414612675be4e1983326b91dcd83e4589739b","doi":"10.1186/s12985-022-01953-5","arxiv_id":null,"pmid":36578037,"pmcid":"9795454","mag_id":null,"dblp_id":null,"acl_id":null,"title":"Suppression of porcine hemagglutinating encephalomyelitis virus replication by resveratrol","year":2022,"publication_date":"2022-12-01","venue":"Virology Journal","journal":{"name":"Virology Journal","pages":null,"volume":"19"},"journal_issn":null,"journal_title":null,"publication_types":["JournalArticle"],"pubmed_pub_types":["Journal Article","Research Support, Non-U.S. Gov't"],"s2_fields_of_study":["Biology","Medicine"],"reference_count":67,"citation_count":6,"influential_citation_count":0,"is_open_access":true,"arxiv_categories":null,"arxiv_license":null,"arxiv_journal_ref":null,"mesh_headings":[{"d":"Mice","mj":false,"ui":"D051379"},{"d":"Swine","mj":false,"ui":"D013552"},{"d":"Animals","mj":false,"ui":"D000818"},{"d":"Resveratrol","mj":false,"qs":[{"q":"pharmacology","mj":false,"ui":"Q000494"},{"q":"metabolism","mj":false,"ui":"Q000378"}],"ui":"D000077185"},{"d":"Betacoronavirus 1","mj":true,"qs":[{"q":"genetics","mj":false,"ui":"Q000235"},{"q":"metabolism","mj":false,"ui":"Q000378"}],"ui":"D000073641"},{"d":"Neurons","mj":false,"ui":"D009474"},{"d":"Antiviral Agents","mj":false,"qs":[{"q":"pharmacology","mj":false,"ui":"Q000494"},{"q":"metabolism","mj":false,"ui":"Q000378"}],"ui":"D000998"},{"d":"Virus Replication","mj":false,"ui":"D014779"}],"chemicals":[{"n":"Resveratrol","ui":"D000077185","reg":"Q369O8926L"},{"n":"Antiviral Agents","ui":"D000998","reg":"0"}],"comments_corrections":null,"source_flags":5,"s2_open_access_pdf_url":"https://virologyj.biomedcentral.com/counter/pdf/10.1186/s12985-022-01953-5","s2_open_access_landing_url":"https://www.semanticscholar.org/paper/450414612675be4e1983326b91dcd83e4589739b","s2_open_access_license":"CCBY","s2_open_access_status":"GOLD","pmc_open_access_pdf_url":null,"pmc_open_access_landing_url":null,"pmc_open_access_license":null,"pmc_open_access_status":null,"unpaywall_open_access_pdf_url":null,"unpaywall_open_access_landing_url":null,"unpaywall_open_access_license":null,"unpaywall_open_access_status":null,"abstract":"Background Porcine hemagglutinating encephalomyelitis virus (PHEV), a member of the genus Betacoronavirus , is the causative agent of neurological disease in pigs. No effective therapeutics are currently available for PHEV infection. Resveratrol has been shown to exert neuroprotective and antiviral effects. Here resveratrol was investigated for its ability to inhibit PHEV replication in nerve cells and central nervous system tissues. Methods Anti-PHEV effect of resveratrol was evaluated using an in vitro cell-based PHEV infection model and employing a mouse PHEV infection model. The collected cells or tissues were used for quantitative PCR analysis, western blot analysis, or indirect immunofluorescence assay. The supernatants were collected to quantify viral loads by TCID_50 assay in vitro. EC50 and CC50 were determined by dose–response experiments, and the ratio (EC50/CC50) was used as a selectivity index (SI) to measure the antiviral versus cytotoxic activity. Results Our results showed that resveratrol treatment reduced PHEV titer in a dose-dependent manner, with a 50% inhibition concentration of 6.24 μM. A reduction of > 70% of viral protein expression and mRNA copy number and a 19-fold reduction of virus titer were achieved when infected cells were treated with 10 µM resveratrol in a pre-treatment assay. Quantitative PCR analysis and TCID_50 assay results revealed that the addition of 10 μM resveratrol to cells after adsorption of PHEV significantly reduced 56% PHEV mRNA copy number and eightfold virus titer. 10 µM resveratrol treatment reduced 46% PHEV mRNA copy number and fourfold virus titer in virus inactivation assay. Moreover, the in vivo data obtained in this work also demonstrated that resveratrol inhibited PHEV replication, and anti-PHEV activities of resveratrol treatment via intranasal installation displayed better than oral gavage. Conclusion These results indicated that resveratrol exerted antiviral effects under various drug treatment and virus infection conditions in vitro and holds promise as a treatment for PHEV infection in vivo.","claims":[{"public_id":"cl_40062f45d5976cd040cc73e3cb4312cd","status":"active","text":"Addition of 10 μM resveratrol after viral adsorption decreases porcine hemagglutinating encephalomyelitis virus mRNA copy number by 56% and virus titer eightfold.","confidence":0.96,"contributors":[{"id":1,"public_id":"12632b8b5f","public_label":"Anonymous (12632b8b5f)","roles":["extraction"],"url":"https://sah.borca.ai/u/12632b8b5f"}],"url":"https://sah.borca.ai/claims/cl_40062f45d5976cd040cc73e3cb4312cd"},{"public_id":"cl_7dca4c260b332cdbfc0cb5660af3e34b","status":"active","text":"Pre-treatment with 10 μM resveratrol reduces viral protein expression and mRNA copy number by more than 70% and lowers virus titer 19-fold in infected cells.","confidence":0.97,"contributors":[{"id":1,"public_id":"12632b8b5f","public_label":"Anonymous (12632b8b5f)","roles":["extraction"],"url":"https://sah.borca.ai/u/12632b8b5f"}],"url":"https://sah.borca.ai/claims/cl_7dca4c260b332cdbfc0cb5660af3e34b"},{"public_id":"cl_8c382737aca3b21308d17c3ea5c4a1c0","status":"active","text":"Resveratrol inhibits porcine hemagglutinating encephalomyelitis virus replication in vivo, and intranasal administration shows better anti-PHEV activity than oral gavage.","confidence":0.95,"contributors":[{"id":1,"public_id":"12632b8b5f","public_label":"Anonymous (12632b8b5f)","roles":["extraction"],"url":"https://sah.borca.ai/u/12632b8b5f"}],"url":"https://sah.borca.ai/claims/cl_8c382737aca3b21308d17c3ea5c4a1c0"},{"public_id":"cl_74cec124b377e1920dec4963842a2720","status":"active","text":"Resveratrol reduces porcine hemagglutinating encephalomyelitis virus replication in a dose-dependent manner, with a 50% inhibition concentration of 6.24 μM.","confidence":0.98,"contributors":[{"id":1,"public_id":"12632b8b5f","public_label":"Anonymous (12632b8b5f)","roles":["extraction"],"url":"https://sah.borca.ai/u/12632b8b5f"}],"url":"https://sah.borca.ai/claims/cl_74cec124b377e1920dec4963842a2720"},{"public_id":"cl_9e88b317033287ea5d990d12e3e26114","status":"active","text":"Ten micromolar resveratrol reduces porcine hemagglutinating encephalomyelitis virus mRNA copy number by 46% and virus titer fourfold in a virus inactivation assay.","confidence":0.95,"contributors":[{"id":1,"public_id":"12632b8b5f","public_label":"Anonymous (12632b8b5f)","roles":["extraction"],"url":"https://sah.borca.ai/u/12632b8b5f"}],"url":"https://sah.borca.ai/claims/cl_9e88b317033287ea5d990d12e3e26114"}],"concepts":[{"public_id":"co_1be567c3c4dfffadcf8a32813b1905f4","status":"active","name":"50% inhibition concentration","description":"The concentration of a compound that reduces a measured response by 50%.","types":["measurement"],"aliases":["EC50"],"contributors":[{"id":1,"public_id":"12632b8b5f","public_label":"Anonymous (12632b8b5f)","roles":["extraction"],"url":"https://sah.borca.ai/u/12632b8b5f"}],"url":"https://sah.borca.ai/concepts/co_1be567c3c4dfffadcf8a32813b1905f4"},{"public_id":"co_2253e0bd29383a33b15a6677bf7746e1","status":"active","name":"resveratrol","description":"A naturally occurring compound investigated here for antiviral activity against porcine hemagglutinating encephalomyelitis virus.","types":["compound"],"aliases":[],"contributors":[{"id":1,"public_id":"12632b8b5f","public_label":"Anonymous (12632b8b5f)","roles":["extraction"],"url":"https://sah.borca.ai/u/12632b8b5f"}],"url":"https://sah.borca.ai/concepts/co_2253e0bd29383a33b15a6677bf7746e1"},{"public_id":"co_4195dbe9d05e7a114d237af50e785669","status":"active","name":"virus inactivation assay","description":"An assay used to test whether a treatment directly inactivates virus particles.","types":["assay"],"aliases":[],"contributors":[{"id":1,"public_id":"12632b8b5f","public_label":"Anonymous (12632b8b5f)","roles":["extraction"],"url":"https://sah.borca.ai/u/12632b8b5f"}],"url":"https://sah.borca.ai/concepts/co_4195dbe9d05e7a114d237af50e785669"},{"public_id":"co_44d9f302f8ebbdf13818d12bbc88396a","status":"active","name":"in vitro cell-based PHEV infection model","description":"A cell culture model used to test anti-PHEV activity under controlled laboratory conditions.","types":["experimental model"],"aliases":["cell-based PHEV infection model"],"contributors":[{"id":1,"public_id":"12632b8b5f","public_label":"Anonymous (12632b8b5f)","roles":["extraction"],"url":"https://sah.borca.ai/u/12632b8b5f"}],"url":"https://sah.borca.ai/concepts/co_44d9f302f8ebbdf13818d12bbc88396a"},{"public_id":"co_71872b2ef651b32c85b6ca76b2a4c532","status":"active","name":"mRNA copy number","description":"The number of viral RNA transcript copies measured in infected cells or tissues.","types":["measurement"],"aliases":[],"contributors":[{"id":1,"public_id":"12632b8b5f","public_label":"Anonymous (12632b8b5f)","roles":["extraction"],"url":"https://sah.borca.ai/u/12632b8b5f"}],"url":"https://sah.borca.ai/concepts/co_71872b2ef651b32c85b6ca76b2a4c532"},{"public_id":"co_72d29bac0a78eaf7848fc7b750eeab83","status":"active","name":"mouse PHEV infection model","description":"A mouse model used to assess anti-PHEV activity in vivo.","types":["animal model"],"aliases":[],"contributors":[{"id":1,"public_id":"12632b8b5f","public_label":"Anonymous (12632b8b5f)","roles":["extraction"],"url":"https://sah.borca.ai/u/12632b8b5f"}],"url":"https://sah.borca.ai/concepts/co_72d29bac0a78eaf7848fc7b750eeab83"},{"public_id":"co_7686dec937cb21194554ae96cd17f18a","status":"active","name":"oral gavage","description":"Administration of a substance directly into the stomach using a feeding tube.","types":["administration route"],"aliases":[],"contributors":[{"id":1,"public_id":"12632b8b5f","public_label":"Anonymous (12632b8b5f)","roles":["extraction"],"url":"https://sah.borca.ai/u/12632b8b5f"}],"url":"https://sah.borca.ai/concepts/co_7686dec937cb21194554ae96cd17f18a"},{"public_id":"co_82a9751a12f556e2485454e4c69e8aee","status":"active","name":"porcine hemagglutinating encephalomyelitis virus","description":"A betacoronavirus that causes neurological disease in pigs.","types":["virus"],"aliases":["PHEV"],"contributors":[{"id":1,"public_id":"12632b8b5f","public_label":"Anonymous (12632b8b5f)","roles":["extraction"],"url":"https://sah.borca.ai/u/12632b8b5f"}],"url":"https://sah.borca.ai/concepts/co_82a9751a12f556e2485454e4c69e8aee"},{"public_id":"co_9f2d484636e0cd5d13ff8ce14b0707f9","status":"active","name":"virus titer","description":"The concentration of infectious virus in a sample.","types":["measurement"],"aliases":[],"contributors":[{"id":1,"public_id":"12632b8b5f","public_label":"Anonymous (12632b8b5f)","roles":["extraction"],"url":"https://sah.borca.ai/u/12632b8b5f"}],"url":"https://sah.borca.ai/concepts/co_9f2d484636e0cd5d13ff8ce14b0707f9"},{"public_id":"co_a11f5453a409c3567c3d7de19776ab55","status":"active","name":"viral protein expression","description":"The amount of viral protein produced in infected cells.","types":["measurement"],"aliases":[],"contributors":[{"id":1,"public_id":"12632b8b5f","public_label":"Anonymous (12632b8b5f)","roles":["extraction"],"url":"https://sah.borca.ai/u/12632b8b5f"}],"url":"https://sah.borca.ai/concepts/co_a11f5453a409c3567c3d7de19776ab55"},{"public_id":"co_fa589f1238868b5fc4c934379f818eaa","status":"active","name":"intranasal installation","description":"Administration of a treatment through the nasal route.","types":["administration route"],"aliases":["intranasal administration"],"contributors":[{"id":1,"public_id":"12632b8b5f","public_label":"Anonymous (12632b8b5f)","roles":["extraction"],"url":"https://sah.borca.ai/u/12632b8b5f"}],"url":"https://sah.borca.ai/concepts/co_fa589f1238868b5fc4c934379f818eaa"}],"external_ids":{"DOI":"10.1186/s12985-022-01953-5","ArXiv":null,"PubMed":36578037,"PubMedCentral":"9795454","MAG":null,"DBLP":null,"ACL":null},"open_access":{"is_open_access":true,"pdf_url":"https://virologyj.biomedcentral.com/counter/pdf/10.1186/s12985-022-01953-5","landing_url":"https://www.semanticscholar.org/paper/450414612675be4e1983326b91dcd83e4589739b","source":"semantic_scholar","pdf_url_source":"semantic_scholar_open_access_pdf","license":"CCBY","status":"GOLD","reason":null},"reference_availability":{"status":"available","references_indexed":true,"full_text_available":false,"full_text_source":null,"count_basis":"semantic_scholar_metadata","extraction_status":"not_applicable","reason":null},"source":{"provider":"episteme2","base_corpus":"semantic_scholar_dump","freshness_mode":"unknown","basis":["semantic_scholar_metadata","postgres_metadata"],"limits":["paper metadata is based on indexed upstream scholarly datasets","claims and concepts are available only for extracted papers","absence of claims or concepts means no extracted graph data is available in this response"],"status":"available","degraded":false,"degraded_reasons":[],"diagnostics":{"status":"available","degraded":false,"degraded_reasons":[],"metadata_status":"available","graph_status":"available","abstract_status":"available"},"source_flags":5},"paper_id":635855,"paper_uid":"b6932602-260a-4714-b5cf-7005a9de46b3","canonical_identity":{"paper_id":635855,"paper_uid":"b6932602-260a-4714-b5cf-7005a9de46b3","identity_status":"available","lookup_basis":"semantic_scholar_external_id","compatibility_path":"corpus_id"},"url":"https://sah.borca.ai/papers/255197417"}