{"corpus_id":267653827,"paper_sha":"cd69e4a6280562baeb1a7ce6147a5f7fbbf22f48","doi":"10.1016/j.apsb.2024.02.008","arxiv_id":null,"pmid":38828144,"pmcid":"11143748","mag_id":null,"dblp_id":null,"acl_id":null,"title":"Gas-propelled nanomotors alleviate colitis through the regulation of intestinal immunoenvironment-hematopexis-microbiota circuits","year":2024,"publication_date":"2024-02-01","venue":"Acta Pharmaceutica Sinica B","journal":{"name":"Acta Pharmaceutica Sinica. B","pages":"2732 - 2747","volume":"14"},"journal_issn":null,"journal_title":null,"publication_types":["JournalArticle"],"pubmed_pub_types":["Journal Article"],"s2_fields_of_study":["Medicine","Environmental Science"],"reference_count":59,"citation_count":12,"influential_citation_count":0,"is_open_access":false,"arxiv_categories":null,"arxiv_license":null,"arxiv_journal_ref":null,"mesh_headings":null,"chemicals":null,"comments_corrections":null,"source_flags":5,"s2_open_access_pdf_url":null,"s2_open_access_landing_url":null,"s2_open_access_license":null,"s2_open_access_status":null,"pmc_open_access_pdf_url":null,"pmc_open_access_landing_url":null,"pmc_open_access_license":null,"pmc_open_access_status":null,"unpaywall_open_access_pdf_url":null,"unpaywall_open_access_landing_url":null,"unpaywall_open_access_license":null,"unpaywall_open_access_status":null,"abstract":"The progression of ulcerative colitis (UC) is associated with immunologic derangement, intestinal hemorrhage, and microbiota imbalance. While traditional medications mainly focus on mitigating inflammation, it remains challenging to address multiple symptoms. Here, a versatile gas-propelled nanomotor was constructed by mild fusion of post-ultrasonic CaO2 nanospheres with Cu2O nanoblocks. The resulting CaO2–Cu2O possessed a desirable diameter (291.3 nm) and a uniform size distribution. It could be efficiently internalized by colonic epithelial cells and macrophages, scavenge intracellular reactive oxygen/nitrogen species, and alleviate immune reactions by pro-polarizing macrophages to the anti-inflammatory M2 phenotype. This nanomotor was found to penetrate through the mucus barrier and accumulate in the colitis mucosa due to the driving force of the generated oxygen bubbles. Rectal administration of CaO2–Cu2O could stanch the bleeding, repair the disrupted colonic epithelial layer, and reduce the inflammatory responses through its interaction with the genes relevant to blood coagulation, anti-oxidation, wound healing, and anti-inflammation. Impressively, it restored intestinal microbiota balance by elevating the proportions of beneficial bacteria (e.g., Odoribacter and Bifidobacterium) and decreasing the abundances of harmful bacteria (e.g., Prevotellaceae and Helicobacter). Our gas-driven CaO2–Cu2O offers a promising therapeutic platform for robust treatment of UC via the rectal route.","claims":[{"public_id":"cl_4c44d796d8e7e2e42542f806307ac9de","status":"active","text":"CaO2–Cu2O nanomotors are efficiently internalized by colonic epithelial cells and macrophages, where they scavenge intracellular reactive oxygen/nitrogen species and promote macrophage polarization toward the anti-inflammatory M2 phenotype.","confidence":0.96,"contributors":[{"id":1,"public_id":"12632b8b5f","public_label":"Anonymous (12632b8b5f)","roles":["extraction"],"url":"https://sah.borca.ai/u/12632b8b5f"}],"url":"https://sah.borca.ai/claims/cl_4c44d796d8e7e2e42542f806307ac9de"},{"public_id":"cl_925e86f485cc4cc16a09790d79f84e17","status":"active","text":"Driven by generated oxygen bubbles, the nanomotor penetrates the mucus barrier and accumulates in colitis mucosa.","confidence":0.95,"contributors":[{"id":1,"public_id":"12632b8b5f","public_label":"Anonymous 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Helicobacter.","confidence":0.97,"contributors":[{"id":1,"public_id":"12632b8b5f","public_label":"Anonymous (12632b8b5f)","roles":["extraction"],"url":"https://sah.borca.ai/u/12632b8b5f"}],"url":"https://sah.borca.ai/claims/cl_f6c3fb09282489dee86afc1d98d349f5"}],"concepts":[{"public_id":"co_0d1ae84efe4c5c836b9c8d31e201a45d","status":"active","name":"ulcerative colitis","description":"A chronic inflammatory disease of the colon examined as the target condition in this study.","types":["disease"],"aliases":["UC"],"contributors":[{"id":1,"public_id":"12632b8b5f","public_label":"Anonymous (12632b8b5f)","roles":["extraction"],"url":"https://sah.borca.ai/u/12632b8b5f"}],"url":"https://sah.borca.ai/concepts/co_0d1ae84efe4c5c836b9c8d31e201a45d"},{"public_id":"co_1ee1c729cdf65f2be0a6dde7ca3edfa4","status":"active","name":"reactive oxygen/nitrogen species","description":"Reactive oxygen and nitrogen molecules involved in oxidative and nitrosative stress.","types":["molecular 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