{"corpus_id":41657279,"paper_sha":"29bc99dbb25726e4c9462a7ea1f165eb019992b9","doi":"10.1021/JF0116808","arxiv_id":null,"pmid":12137488,"pmcid":null,"mag_id":1990019758,"dblp_id":null,"acl_id":null,"title":"Use of polysulfone in controlled-release NPK fertilizer formulations.","year":2002,"publication_date":"2002-06-22","venue":"Journal of Agricultural and Food Chemistry","journal":{"name":"Journal of agricultural and food chemistry","pages":"\n          4634-9\n        ","volume":"50 16"},"journal_issn":null,"journal_title":null,"publication_types":["JournalArticle"],"pubmed_pub_types":["Journal Article"],"s2_fields_of_study":["Agricultural and Food Sciences","Medicine","Materials Science"],"reference_count":0,"citation_count":171,"influential_citation_count":3,"is_open_access":false,"arxiv_categories":null,"arxiv_license":null,"arxiv_journal_ref":null,"mesh_headings":[{"d":"Chemical Phenomena","mj":false,"ui":"D055598"},{"d":"Chemistry, Physical","mj":false,"ui":"D002627"},{"d":"Fertilizers","mj":false,"qs":[{"q":"analysis","mj":true,"ui":"Q000032"}],"ui":"D005308"},{"d":"Microscopy, Electron, Scanning","mj":false,"ui":"D008855"},{"d":"Polymers","mj":false,"qs":[{"q":"analysis","mj":false,"ui":"Q000032"},{"q":"chemistry","mj":true,"ui":"Q000737"}],"ui":"D011108"},{"d":"Solutions","mj":false,"ui":"D012996"},{"d":"Sulfones","mj":false,"qs":[{"q":"chemistry","mj":true,"ui":"Q000737"}],"ui":"D013450"},{"d":"Viscosity","mj":false,"ui":"D014783"}],"chemicals":[{"n":"Fertilizers","ui":"D005308","reg":"0"},{"n":"Polymers","ui":"D011108","reg":"0"},{"n":"Solutions","ui":"D012996","reg":"0"},{"n":"Sulfones","ui":"D013450","reg":"0"},{"n":"polysulfone P 1700","ui":"C017662","reg":"25135-51-7"}],"comments_corrections":null,"source_flags":5,"s2_open_access_pdf_url":null,"s2_open_access_landing_url":null,"s2_open_access_license":null,"s2_open_access_status":null,"pmc_open_access_pdf_url":null,"pmc_open_access_landing_url":null,"pmc_open_access_license":null,"pmc_open_access_status":null,"unpaywall_open_access_pdf_url":null,"unpaywall_open_access_landing_url":null,"unpaywall_open_access_license":null,"unpaywall_open_access_status":null,"abstract":"Encapsulation of fertilizers in polymeric coatings is a method used to reduce fertilizer losses and to minimize environmental pollution. Polysulfone was used for a coating preparation for soluble NPK granular fertilizer in controlled-release fertilizer formulations. The coatings were formed by the phase inversion technique (wet method). The influence of the polymer concentration in the film-forming solution on the physical properties of the coatings was examined. The coating structure controls the diffusion of the elements from the interior of the fertilizer granule. It was experimentally confirmed that the use of polysulfone as a coating for a soluble fertilizer decreases the release rate of components. Moreover, the release rate of nutrients from coated granules decreases with the decrease of the coating porosity. In the case of coating with 38.5% porosity, prepared from 13.5% polymer solution after 5 h of test, 100% of NH(4)(+) was released, whereas only 19.0% of NH(4)(+) was released after 5 h for the coating with 11% porosity. In addition, coating of fertilizers leads to improvement of handling properties, and the crushing strength of all coated fertilizers was an average 40% higher than that for uncoated NPK fertilizer.","claims":[{"public_id":"cl_022a67fd305ee616586ee1899012ddd9","status":"active","text":"Coating NPK fertilizer with polysulfone increases crushing strength by an average of 40% compared to uncoated fertilizer.","confidence":0.95,"contributors":[{"id":2,"public_id":"4715169a40","public_label":"AK (4715169a40)","roles":["extraction"],"url":"https://sah.borca.ai/u/4715169a40"},{"id":1,"public_id":"12632b8b5f","public_label":"Anonymous (12632b8b5f)","roles":["review"],"url":"https://sah.borca.ai/u/12632b8b5f"}],"url":"https://sah.borca.ai/claims/cl_022a67fd305ee616586ee1899012ddd9"},{"public_id":"cl_bc91affef24e15c7eb12017d0cf6fa01","status":"active","text":"Polysulfone coatings formed by the phase inversion technique reduce the release rate of nutrients from soluble NPK granular fertilizer.","confidence":0.95,"contributors":[{"id":2,"public_id":"4715169a40","public_label":"AK (4715169a40)","roles":["extraction"],"url":"https://sah.borca.ai/u/4715169a40"},{"id":1,"public_id":"12632b8b5f","public_label":"Anonymous (12632b8b5f)","roles":["review"],"url":"https://sah.borca.ai/u/12632b8b5f"}],"url":"https://sah.borca.ai/claims/cl_bc91affef24e15c7eb12017d0cf6fa01"},{"public_id":"cl_7e6cb1e4b1dac718cf7535e02c41ebd7","status":"active","text":"The release rate of NH4+ from coated granules decreases with decreasing coating porosity; after 5 hours, 100% was released from 38.5% porosity coating versus 19.0% from 11% porosity coating.","confidence":0.95,"contributors":[{"id":2,"public_id":"4715169a40","public_label":"AK (4715169a40)","roles":["extraction"],"url":"https://sah.borca.ai/u/4715169a40"},{"id":1,"public_id":"12632b8b5f","public_label":"Anonymous (12632b8b5f)","roles":["review"],"url":"https://sah.borca.ai/u/12632b8b5f"}],"url":"https://sah.borca.ai/claims/cl_7e6cb1e4b1dac718cf7535e02c41ebd7"}],"concepts":[{"public_id":"co_23a8a32a95e8ffcd5dceac09e85c4d4f","status":"active","name":"polysulfone coating","description":"A polymeric coating made from polysulfone used to encapsulate soluble NPK fertilizer for controlled release.","types":["material","coating"],"aliases":[],"contributors":[{"id":2,"public_id":"4715169a40","public_label":"AK (4715169a40)","roles":["extraction"],"url":"https://sah.borca.ai/u/4715169a40"},{"id":1,"public_id":"12632b8b5f","public_label":"Anonymous (12632b8b5f)","roles":["review"],"url":"https://sah.borca.ai/u/12632b8b5f"}],"url":"https://sah.borca.ai/concepts/co_23a8a32a95e8ffcd5dceac09e85c4d4f"},{"public_id":"co_2ea6d1cb2bd706651ed662e36ba9444f","status":"active","name":"NH4+ release","description":"The release of ammonium ions from coated fertilizer granules, measured as a percentage over time.","types":["measurement"],"aliases":[],"contributors":[{"id":2,"public_id":"4715169a40","public_label":"AK (4715169a40)","roles":["extraction"],"url":"https://sah.borca.ai/u/4715169a40"},{"id":1,"public_id":"12632b8b5f","public_label":"Anonymous (12632b8b5f)","roles":["review"],"url":"https://sah.borca.ai/u/12632b8b5f"}],"url":"https://sah.borca.ai/concepts/co_2ea6d1cb2bd706651ed662e36ba9444f"},{"public_id":"co_462517b7c3b928e7ad0bc0205a87c409","status":"active","name":"NPK granular fertilizer","description":"Soluble granular fertilizer containing nitrogen, phosphorus, and potassium used as the core material for coating.","types":["material"],"aliases":["NPK fertilizer"],"contributors":[{"id":2,"public_id":"4715169a40","public_label":"AK (4715169a40)","roles":["extraction"],"url":"https://sah.borca.ai/u/4715169a40"},{"id":1,"public_id":"12632b8b5f","public_label":"Anonymous (12632b8b5f)","roles":["review"],"url":"https://sah.borca.ai/u/12632b8b5f"}],"url":"https://sah.borca.ai/concepts/co_462517b7c3b928e7ad0bc0205a87c409"},{"public_id":"co_605e036ef86ffc49866fd93c0729e4d4","status":"active","name":"crushing strength","description":"The mechanical strength of fertilizer granules, which is improved by coating.","types":["property"],"aliases":[],"contributors":[{"id":2,"public_id":"4715169a40","public_label":"AK (4715169a40)","roles":["extraction"],"url":"https://sah.borca.ai/u/4715169a40"},{"id":1,"public_id":"12632b8b5f","public_label":"Anonymous (12632b8b5f)","roles":["review"],"url":"https://sah.borca.ai/u/12632b8b5f"}],"url":"https://sah.borca.ai/concepts/co_605e036ef86ffc49866fd93c0729e4d4"},{"public_id":"co_77e35d41a5d17b4e9359cac69301af54","status":"active","name":"phase inversion technique","description":"The wet method used to form polysulfone coatings on fertilizer granules.","types":["method"],"aliases":["wet method"],"contributors":[{"id":2,"public_id":"4715169a40","public_label":"AK (4715169a40)","roles":["extraction"],"url":"https://sah.borca.ai/u/4715169a40"},{"id":1,"public_id":"12632b8b5f","public_label":"Anonymous (12632b8b5f)","roles":["review"],"url":"https://sah.borca.ai/u/12632b8b5f"}],"url":"https://sah.borca.ai/concepts/co_77e35d41a5d17b4e9359cac69301af54"},{"public_id":"co_e25b8c2c95f5972adb025893fc8c7cf1","status":"active","name":"coating porosity","description":"The porosity of the polysulfone coating, which controls the diffusion and release rate of nutrients.","types":["property"],"aliases":[],"contributors":[{"id":2,"public_id":"4715169a40","public_label":"AK (4715169a40)","roles":["extraction"],"url":"https://sah.borca.ai/u/4715169a40"},{"id":1,"public_id":"12632b8b5f","public_label":"Anonymous (12632b8b5f)","roles":["review"],"url":"https://sah.borca.ai/u/12632b8b5f"}],"url":"https://sah.borca.ai/concepts/co_e25b8c2c95f5972adb025893fc8c7cf1"}],"external_ids":{"DOI":"10.1021/JF0116808","ArXiv":null,"PubMed":12137488,"PubMedCentral":null,"MAG":1990019758,"DBLP":null,"ACL":null},"open_access":{"is_open_access":false,"pdf_url":null,"landing_url":"https://sah.borca.ai/papers/41657279","source":null,"pdf_url_source":null,"license":null,"reason":"pdf_url_not_indexed"},"reference_availability":{"status":"unknown","references_indexed":false,"full_text_available":false,"full_text_source":null,"count_basis":"semantic_scholar_metadata","extraction_status":"not_applicable","reason":null},"source":{"provider":"episteme2","base_corpus":"semantic_scholar_dump","freshness_mode":"unknown","basis":["semantic_scholar_metadata","postgres_metadata"],"limits":["paper metadata is based on indexed upstream scholarly datasets","claims and concepts are available only for extracted papers","absence of claims or concepts means no extracted graph data is available in this response"],"status":"available","degraded":false,"degraded_reasons":[],"diagnostics":{"status":"available","degraded":false,"degraded_reasons":[],"metadata_status":"available","graph_status":"available","abstract_status":"available"},"source_flags":5},"paper_id":632918,"paper_uid":"1469ad1e-59e3-4c63-9c57-b81ac078de00","canonical_identity":{"paper_id":632918,"paper_uid":"1469ad1e-59e3-4c63-9c57-b81ac078de00","identity_status":"available","lookup_basis":"semantic_scholar_external_id","compatibility_path":"corpus_id"},"url":"https://sah.borca.ai/papers/41657279"}