{"corpus_id":6463053,"paper_sha":"b6cc852337822914103c0285da1b7236ffb52add","doi":"10.1093/aob/mcr277","arxiv_id":null,"pmid":22040744,"pmcid":"PMC3241594","mag_id":2061325948,"dblp_id":null,"acl_id":null,"title":"The more the better? The role of polyploidy in facilitating plant invasions.","year":2012,"publication_date":null,"venue":"Annals of Botany","journal":{"name":"Annals of botany","pages":"\n          19-45\n        ","volume":"109 1"},"journal_issn":null,"journal_title":null,"publication_types":["Review","JournalArticle"],"pubmed_pub_types":["Journal Article","Research Support, Non-U.S. Gov't","Review"],"s2_fields_of_study":["Biology","Medicine","Environmental Science"],"reference_count":365,"citation_count":824,"influential_citation_count":14,"is_open_access":true,"arxiv_categories":null,"arxiv_license":null,"arxiv_journal_ref":null,"mesh_headings":[{"d":"Biological Evolution","mj":true,"ui":"D005075"},{"d":"Ecosystem","mj":false,"ui":"D017753"},{"d":"Genetic Variation","mj":false,"ui":"D014644"},{"d":"Genome, Plant","mj":false,"ui":"D018745"},{"d":"Hybridization, Genetic","mj":false,"ui":"D006824"},{"d":"Introduced Species","mj":true,"ui":"D058865"},{"d":"Plants","mj":false,"qs":[{"q":"genetics","mj":true,"ui":"Q000235"}],"ui":"D010944"},{"d":"Polyploidy","mj":true,"ui":"D011123"}],"chemicals":null,"comments_corrections":null,"source_flags":5,"s2_open_access_pdf_url":"https://academic.oup.com/aob/article-pdf/109/1/19/17070728/mcr277.pdf","s2_open_access_landing_url":"https://www.semanticscholar.org/paper/b6cc852337822914103c0285da1b7236ffb52add","s2_open_access_license":null,"s2_open_access_status":"BRONZE","pmc_open_access_pdf_url":null,"pmc_open_access_landing_url":null,"pmc_open_access_license":null,"pmc_open_access_status":null,"unpaywall_open_access_pdf_url":null,"unpaywall_open_access_landing_url":null,"unpaywall_open_access_license":null,"unpaywall_open_access_status":null,"abstract":"BACKGROUND: Biological invasions are a major ecological and socio-economic problem in many parts of the world. Despite an explosion of research in recent decades, much remains to be understood about why some species become invasive whereas others do not. Recently, polyploidy (whole genome duplication) has been proposed as an important determinant of invasiveness in plants. Genome duplication has played a major role in plant evolution and can drastically alter a plant's genetic make-up, morphology, physiology and ecology within only one or a few generations. This may allow some polyploids to succeed in strongly fluctuating environments and/or effectively colonize new habitats and, thus, increase their potential to be invasive. SCOPE: We synthesize current knowledge on the importance of polyploidy for the invasion (i.e. spread) of introduced plants. We first aim to elucidate general mechanisms that are involved in the success of polyploid plants and translate this to that of plant invaders. Secondly, we provide an overview of ploidal levels in selected invasive alien plants and explain how ploidy might have contributed to their success. CONCLUSIONS: Polyploidy can be an important factor in species invasion success through a combination of (1) 'pre-adaptation', whereby polyploid lineages are predisposed to conditions in the new range and, therefore, have higher survival rates and fitness in the earliest establishment phase; and (2) the possibility for subsequent adaptation due to a larger genetic diversity that may assist the 'evolution of invasiveness'. Alternatively, polyploidization may play an important role by (3) restoring sexual reproduction following hybridization or, conversely, (4) asexual reproduction in the absence of suitable mates. We, therefore, encourage invasion biologists to incorporate assessments of ploidy in their studies of invasive alien species.","claims":[{"public_id":"cl_15f0a301320a5f4756e84b3c85060b53","status":"active","text":"Greater genetic diversity in polyploid plants may assist subsequent adaptation and the evolution of invasiveness after introduction.","confidence":0.85,"contributors":[{"id":170,"public_id":"gsgmdx9r6e","public_label":"pupuri (gsgmdx9r6e)","roles":["extraction"],"url":"https://sah.borca.ai/u/gsgmdx9r6e"},{"id":2,"public_id":"4715169a40","public_label":"AK (4715169a40)","roles":["review"],"url":"https://sah.borca.ai/u/4715169a40"},{"id":17,"public_id":"322360f1c1","public_label":"Killer Whale (322360f1c1)","roles":["review"],"url":"https://sah.borca.ai/u/322360f1c1"}],"url":"https://sah.borca.ai/claims/cl_15f0a301320a5f4756e84b3c85060b53"},{"public_id":"cl_99a8e758d887a355b8c2c9545f9959f2","status":"active","text":"Polyploidy can contribute to invasion success by restoring sexual reproduction following hybridization or enabling asexual reproduction when suitable mates are absent.","confidence":0.87,"contributors":[{"id":170,"public_id":"gsgmdx9r6e","public_label":"pupuri (gsgmdx9r6e)","roles":["extraction"],"url":"https://sah.borca.ai/u/gsgmdx9r6e"},{"id":2,"public_id":"4715169a40","public_label":"AK (4715169a40)","roles":["review"],"url":"https://sah.borca.ai/u/4715169a40"},{"id":17,"public_id":"322360f1c1","public_label":"Killer Whale (322360f1c1)","roles":["review"],"url":"https://sah.borca.ai/u/322360f1c1"}],"url":"https://sah.borca.ai/claims/cl_99a8e758d887a355b8c2c9545f9959f2"},{"public_id":"cl_1f4f583dfb3e9abb761cde9dcc2c3d50","status":"active","text":"Polyploidy can promote plant invasion success through pre-adaptation, whereby polyploid lineages are predisposed to conditions in the new range and achieve higher survival rates and fitness during the earliest establishment phase.","confidence":0.88,"contributors":[{"id":170,"public_id":"gsgmdx9r6e","public_label":"pupuri (gsgmdx9r6e)","roles":["extraction"],"url":"https://sah.borca.ai/u/gsgmdx9r6e"},{"id":2,"public_id":"4715169a40","public_label":"AK (4715169a40)","roles":["review"],"url":"https://sah.borca.ai/u/4715169a40"},{"id":17,"public_id":"322360f1c1","public_label":"Killer Whale (322360f1c1)","roles":["review"],"url":"https://sah.borca.ai/u/322360f1c1"}],"url":"https://sah.borca.ai/claims/cl_1f4f583dfb3e9abb761cde9dcc2c3d50"}],"concepts":[{"public_id":"co_10d1cbdc53a1245a05379fb956d7c840","status":"active","name":"pre-adaptation","description":"The prior predisposition of polyploid lineages to conditions in a new range, proposed here as a mechanism enabling higher survival and fitness during early establishment.","types":["evolutionary mechanism"],"aliases":[],"contributors":[{"id":170,"public_id":"gsgmdx9r6e","public_label":"pupuri 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(322360f1c1)","roles":["review"],"url":"https://sah.borca.ai/u/322360f1c1"}],"url":"https://sah.borca.ai/concepts/co_1f5d420accbd047ca391564a2e42b07a"},{"public_id":"co_30226588da88f38675523da034587563","status":"active","name":"hybridization","description":"The crossbreeding between genetically distinct lineages, discussed here as a trigger for polyploidization that may subsequently restore sexual reproduction.","types":["biological process"],"aliases":[],"contributors":[{"id":170,"public_id":"gsgmdx9r6e","public_label":"pupuri (gsgmdx9r6e)","roles":["extraction"],"url":"https://sah.borca.ai/u/gsgmdx9r6e"},{"id":2,"public_id":"4715169a40","public_label":"AK (4715169a40)","roles":["review"],"url":"https://sah.borca.ai/u/4715169a40"},{"id":17,"public_id":"322360f1c1","public_label":"Killer Whale 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