{"corpus_id":76161654,"paper_sha":"50c302fccc07db4bf8b72d602198967e76f5764a","doi":"10.3748/WJG.V6.I5.688","arxiv_id":null,"pmid":null,"pmcid":null,"mag_id":2345301679,"dblp_id":null,"acl_id":null,"title":"Effect of hepatocyte apoptosis induced by TNF-α on acute severe hepatitis in mouse models","year":2000,"publication_date":"2000-10-15","venue":"","journal":{"name":"World Journal of Gastroenterology","pages":"688-692","volume":"6"},"journal_issn":null,"journal_title":null,"publication_types":[],"pubmed_pub_types":null,"s2_fields_of_study":["Medicine"],"reference_count":51,"citation_count":39,"influential_citation_count":0,"is_open_access":false,"arxiv_categories":null,"arxiv_license":null,"arxiv_journal_ref":null,"mesh_headings":null,"chemicals":null,"comments_corrections":null,"source_flags":1,"s2_open_access_pdf_url":null,"s2_open_access_landing_url":null,"s2_open_access_license":null,"s2_open_access_status":null,"pmc_open_access_pdf_url":null,"pmc_open_access_landing_url":null,"pmc_open_access_license":null,"pmc_open_access_status":null,"unpaywall_open_access_pdf_url":null,"unpaywall_open_access_landing_url":null,"unpaywall_open_access_license":null,"unpaywall_open_access_status":null,"abstract":": AIM:To study the effect of hepatocyte apoptosis and necrosis induced by TNF-alpha on the pathogenesis of acute severe hepatitis (ASH).METHODS:The model of ASH was prepared in D-galactosamine (GalN) sensitized BALB/c mice by injection of either endotoxin (ET) or tumor necrosis factor-alpha(TNF-alpha. Morphological changes of apoptotic hepatocytes were studied by both light and electron microscope and in site end labeling method (ISEL). Molecular biological changes of DNA ladder were observed by electrophoresis of extract from liver tissues. Biochemical changes were measured by alanine aminotransferase (ALT), aspartic aminotransferase (AST) and TNF-alpha. The relation between apoptosis and necrosis was evaluated simultaneously.RESULTS:The sequence of hepatocyte apoptosis, necrosis, and final death from ASH was observed both in GalN/ET and GalN/TNF-alpha group. Apoptosis was prominent at 3.5h and 6h after injection of inducer, while necrosis became dominant at 9h after challenge. The appearance of apoptosis was earlier in GalN/TNF-alpha group than that in GalN/ET group. Pretreatment of mice with antiTNF IgG1 may completely prevent the liver injury induced by GalN/ET.CONCLUSION:TNF-alpha can cause liver amage by inducing hepatic apoptosis and necrosis in mice with endotoxemia.","claims":[{"public_id":"cl_5e2e06ed18a1d3b4ffd2edf868c377c3","status":"active","text":"Apoptosis appears earlier in the GalN/TNF-alpha group than in the GalN/ET group.","confidence":0.9,"contributors":[{"id":1,"public_id":"12632b8b5f","public_label":"Anonymous (12632b8b5f)","roles":["extraction"],"url":"https://sah.borca.ai/u/12632b8b5f"}],"url":"https://sah.borca.ai/claims/cl_5e2e06ed18a1d3b4ffd2edf868c377c3"},{"public_id":"cl_b6044994267492c1dd2063f4acd06008","status":"active","text":"Apoptosis is prominent at 3.5 hours and 6 hours after inducer injection, while necrosis becomes dominant at 9 hours after challenge.","confidence":0.93,"contributors":[{"id":1,"public_id":"12632b8b5f","public_label":"Anonymous (12632b8b5f)","roles":["extraction"],"url":"https://sah.borca.ai/u/12632b8b5f"}],"url":"https://sah.borca.ai/claims/cl_b6044994267492c1dd2063f4acd06008"},{"public_id":"cl_09e68d2e1c2af794aaae2c98fcc1569a","status":"active","text":"In GalN/ET and GalN/TNF-alpha mice, hepatocyte apoptosis appears first, followed by necrosis and final death from acute severe hepatitis.","confidence":0.94,"contributors":[{"id":1,"public_id":"12632b8b5f","public_label":"Anonymous (12632b8b5f)","roles":["extraction"],"url":"https://sah.borca.ai/u/12632b8b5f"}],"url":"https://sah.borca.ai/claims/cl_09e68d2e1c2af794aaae2c98fcc1569a"},{"public_id":"cl_b75d64fd24458e81ff97d31e4bf03647","status":"active","text":"Pretreatment with antiTNF IgG1 may completely prevent liver injury induced by GalN/ET.","confidence":0.89,"contributors":[{"id":1,"public_id":"12632b8b5f","public_label":"Anonymous (12632b8b5f)","roles":["extraction"],"url":"https://sah.borca.ai/u/12632b8b5f"}],"url":"https://sah.borca.ai/claims/cl_b75d64fd24458e81ff97d31e4bf03647"},{"public_id":"cl_0a42cd561c82a16a93d566fbba50385d","status":"active","text":"TNF-alpha can cause liver damage by inducing hepatic apoptosis and necrosis in mice with endotoxemia.","confidence":0.97,"contributors":[{"id":1,"public_id":"12632b8b5f","public_label":"Anonymous (12632b8b5f)","roles":["extraction"],"url":"https://sah.borca.ai/u/12632b8b5f"}],"url":"https://sah.borca.ai/claims/cl_0a42cd561c82a16a93d566fbba50385d"}],"concepts":[{"public_id":"co_0b88832df07d060c6945a31fcc2235d9","status":"active","name":"hepatic apoptosis","description":"Programmed cell death occurring in hepatocytes.","types":["cell death process"],"aliases":["hepatocyte apoptosis"],"contributors":[{"id":1,"public_id":"12632b8b5f","public_label":"Anonymous (12632b8b5f)","roles":["extraction"],"url":"https://sah.borca.ai/u/12632b8b5f"}],"url":"https://sah.borca.ai/concepts/co_0b88832df07d060c6945a31fcc2235d9"},{"public_id":"co_0be8ac5f4823acb307eeaadfcb0c9d28","status":"active","name":"antiTNF IgG1","description":"An anti-TNF immunoglobulin used as a pretreatment in the mouse model.","types":["antibody","treatment"],"aliases":["anti-TNF IgG1"],"contributors":[{"id":1,"public_id":"12632b8b5f","public_label":"Anonymous (12632b8b5f)","roles":["extraction"],"url":"https://sah.borca.ai/u/12632b8b5f"}],"url":"https://sah.borca.ai/concepts/co_0be8ac5f4823acb307eeaadfcb0c9d28"},{"public_id":"co_0f608632b02496fc99b34d6044de1c24","status":"active","name":"apoptosis","description":"A regulated form of cell death observed in liver tissue in the mouse models.","types":["cell death process"],"aliases":[],"contributors":[{"id":1,"public_id":"12632b8b5f","public_label":"Anonymous (12632b8b5f)","roles":["extraction"],"url":"https://sah.borca.ai/u/12632b8b5f"}],"url":"https://sah.borca.ai/concepts/co_0f608632b02496fc99b34d6044de1c24"},{"public_id":"co_3da59516c71fd43aa351036914646f27","status":"active","name":"necrosis","description":"A form of cell death associated with tissue damage in the mouse models.","types":["cell death process"],"aliases":[],"contributors":[{"id":1,"public_id":"12632b8b5f","public_label":"Anonymous (12632b8b5f)","roles":["extraction"],"url":"https://sah.borca.ai/u/12632b8b5f"}],"url":"https://sah.borca.ai/concepts/co_3da59516c71fd43aa351036914646f27"},{"public_id":"co_47b8a5917506266f4f88682975d087b5","status":"active","name":"GalN/ET group","description":"Mice sensitized with D-galactosamine and challenged with endotoxin.","types":["experimental group"],"aliases":["GalN/ET"],"contributors":[{"id":1,"public_id":"12632b8b5f","public_label":"Anonymous (12632b8b5f)","roles":["extraction"],"url":"https://sah.borca.ai/u/12632b8b5f"}],"url":"https://sah.borca.ai/concepts/co_47b8a5917506266f4f88682975d087b5"},{"public_id":"co_5fcd104cbc780d6a7508f98a6387168b","status":"active","name":"acute severe hepatitis","description":"A severe acute inflammatory liver disease modeled in mice in this study.","types":["disease model","condition"],"aliases":["ASH"],"contributors":[{"id":1,"public_id":"12632b8b5f","public_label":"Anonymous (12632b8b5f)","roles":["extraction"],"url":"https://sah.borca.ai/u/12632b8b5f"}],"url":"https://sah.borca.ai/concepts/co_5fcd104cbc780d6a7508f98a6387168b"},{"public_id":"co_63725772451e55374e4e5df0e04d69cf","status":"active","name":"GalN/TNF-alpha group","description":"Mice sensitized with D-galactosamine and challenged with TNF-alpha.","types":["experimental group"],"aliases":["GalN/TNF-alpha"],"contributors":[{"id":1,"public_id":"12632b8b5f","public_label":"Anonymous (12632b8b5f)","roles":["extraction"],"url":"https://sah.borca.ai/u/12632b8b5f"}],"url":"https://sah.borca.ai/concepts/co_63725772451e55374e4e5df0e04d69cf"},{"public_id":"co_73e19cf321f09c1c34ee385f2adb31a7","status":"active","name":"liver injury","description":"Damage to liver tissue measured as an outcome in the experimental model.","types":["outcome"],"aliases":[],"contributors":[{"id":1,"public_id":"12632b8b5f","public_label":"Anonymous (12632b8b5f)","roles":["extraction"],"url":"https://sah.borca.ai/u/12632b8b5f"}],"url":"https://sah.borca.ai/concepts/co_73e19cf321f09c1c34ee385f2adb31a7"},{"public_id":"co_c1384b8155da764866462423f3bd0042","status":"active","name":"TNF-alpha","description":"Tumor necrosis factor alpha, a cytokine used here as an inducer of liver injury.","types":["cytokine"],"aliases":["TNF-α","tumor necrosis factor-alpha"],"contributors":[{"id":1,"public_id":"12632b8b5f","public_label":"Anonymous (12632b8b5f)","roles":["extraction"],"url":"https://sah.borca.ai/u/12632b8b5f"}],"url":"https://sah.borca.ai/concepts/co_c1384b8155da764866462423f3bd0042"},{"public_id":"co_c6ac6f69b8afa40ed8efa60bd7a897ce","status":"active","name":"inducer injection","description":"Administration of endotoxin or TNF-alpha used to trigger the hepatitis model.","types":["experimental procedure"],"aliases":["challenge"],"contributors":[{"id":1,"public_id":"12632b8b5f","public_label":"Anonymous (12632b8b5f)","roles":["extraction"],"url":"https://sah.borca.ai/u/12632b8b5f"}],"url":"https://sah.borca.ai/concepts/co_c6ac6f69b8afa40ed8efa60bd7a897ce"},{"public_id":"co_f353dd956fd2ed4d07b9227d7e3519e7","status":"active","name":"hepatic necrosis","description":"Uncontrolled death of hepatocytes characterized by tissue injury.","types":["cell death process"],"aliases":["hepatocyte necrosis"],"contributors":[{"id":1,"public_id":"12632b8b5f","public_label":"Anonymous (12632b8b5f)","roles":["extraction"],"url":"https://sah.borca.ai/u/12632b8b5f"}],"url":"https://sah.borca.ai/concepts/co_f353dd956fd2ed4d07b9227d7e3519e7"}],"external_ids":{"DOI":"10.3748/WJG.V6.I5.688","ArXiv":null,"PubMed":null,"PubMedCentral":null,"MAG":2345301679,"DBLP":null,"ACL":null},"open_access":{"is_open_access":false,"pdf_url":null,"landing_url":"https://sah.borca.ai/papers/76161654","source":null,"pdf_url_source":null,"license":null,"reason":"pdf_url_not_indexed"},"reference_availability":{"status":"available","references_indexed":true,"full_text_available":false,"full_text_source":null,"count_basis":"semantic_scholar_metadata","extraction_status":"not_applicable","reason":null},"source":{"provider":"episteme2","base_corpus":"semantic_scholar_dump","freshness_mode":"unknown","basis":["semantic_scholar_metadata","postgres_metadata"],"limits":["paper metadata is based on indexed upstream scholarly datasets","claims and concepts are available only for extracted papers","absence of claims or concepts means no extracted graph data is available in this response"],"status":"available","degraded":false,"degraded_reasons":[],"diagnostics":{"status":"available","degraded":false,"degraded_reasons":[],"metadata_status":"available","graph_status":"available","abstract_status":"available"},"source_flags":1},"paper_id":637895,"paper_uid":"b2b283a1-01ef-4527-8918-1632c3b126af","canonical_identity":{"paper_id":637895,"paper_uid":"b2b283a1-01ef-4527-8918-1632c3b126af","identity_status":"available","lookup_basis":"semantic_scholar_external_id","compatibility_path":"corpus_id"},"url":"https://sah.borca.ai/papers/76161654"}