{"corpus_id":82519947,"paper_sha":"0d65d21b4be95677612c948fd05f8ab0acd6a18c","doi":"10.4049/jimmunol.161.9.4859","arxiv_id":null,"pmid":null,"pmcid":null,"mag_id":1491691148,"dblp_id":null,"acl_id":null,"title":"Astrocyte-Targeted Expression of IFN-α1 Protects Mice from Acute Ocular Herpes Simplex Virus Type 1 Infection","year":1998,"publication_date":"1998-11-01","venue":"Journal of Immunology","journal":{"name":"The Journal of Immunology","pages":null,"volume":null},"journal_issn":null,"journal_title":null,"publication_types":[],"pubmed_pub_types":null,"s2_fields_of_study":["Biology","Medicine"],"reference_count":45,"citation_count":59,"influential_citation_count":2,"is_open_access":true,"arxiv_categories":null,"arxiv_license":null,"arxiv_journal_ref":null,"mesh_headings":null,"chemicals":null,"comments_corrections":null,"source_flags":1,"s2_open_access_pdf_url":"https://journals.aai.org/jimmunol/article-pdf/161/9/4859/1095228/im219804859o.pdf","s2_open_access_landing_url":"https://www.semanticscholar.org/paper/0d65d21b4be95677612c948fd05f8ab0acd6a18c","s2_open_access_license":null,"s2_open_access_status":"BRONZE","pmc_open_access_pdf_url":null,"pmc_open_access_landing_url":null,"pmc_open_access_license":null,"pmc_open_access_status":null,"unpaywall_open_access_pdf_url":null,"unpaywall_open_access_landing_url":null,"unpaywall_open_access_license":null,"unpaywall_open_access_status":null,"abstract":"\n Type I IFNs (i.e., IFN-α and IFN-β) play a key role in the host’s innate defense against viral pathogens. To examine the biologic relevance of IFN-α to a viral pathogen within the confines of the nervous system, IFN-α1 transgenic mice whose transgene is under the control of the glial fibrillary acidic protein promoter (GFAP-IFN-α, astrocyte specific) were examined for resistance to an ocular herpes simplex virus type 1 (HSV-1) infection. GFAP-IFN-α mice expressed significantly higher levels of IFN-αβ (533 U) in the trigeminal ganglion compared with nontransgenic mice (70 U) 72 h postinfection that corresponded with a significant reduction in the mRNA expression of the HSV-1 immediate early gene infected cell polypeptide 27 and late gene VP16, as well as the chemokines monocyte-chemoattractant protein-1 and cytokine response gene-2 in the eye and trigeminal ganglion. Six days postinfection, the viral load and the expression of infected cell polypeptide 27, CD8, RANTES, IFN-γ, and IFN-α mRNA levels were reduced in the trigeminal ganglion of GFAP-IFN-α mice compared with the wild-type mice. Following the establishment of HSV-1 latency (i.e., 30 days postinfection), only one of nine (11%) GFAP-IFN-α mice was found to be latent compared with seven of eight (88%) of the wild-type mice, as determined by the expression of the latency-associated transcript RNAs. Likewise, only three of nine GFAP-IFN-α mice screened showed seroconversion by day 30 postinfection compared with nine of ten wild-type mice screened. Collectively, the results show that the IFN-α1 transgenic mice are less susceptible to acute HSV-1 infection and the establishment of viral latency.","claims":[{"public_id":"cl_66bb9189b6c9c52abc6c77c5c8b8ed27","status":"active","text":"Astrocyte-targeted IFN-α1 expression greatly decreases the establishment of HSV-1 latency and seroconversion after ocular infection.","confidence":0.98,"contributors":[{"id":1,"public_id":"12632b8b5f","public_label":"Anonymous (12632b8b5f)","roles":["extraction"],"url":"https://sah.borca.ai/u/12632b8b5f"}],"url":"https://sah.borca.ai/claims/cl_66bb9189b6c9c52abc6c77c5c8b8ed27"},{"public_id":"cl_d21e09576df67ce8c220839675e0ff57","status":"active","text":"Astrocyte-targeted IFN-α1 expression increases IFN-αβ levels in the trigeminal ganglion after ocular HSV-1 infection.","confidence":0.97,"contributors":[{"id":1,"public_id":"12632b8b5f","public_label":"Anonymous 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