{"corpus_id":86896367,"paper_sha":"c6b1251e19411b6980af07b3cdfa7afae141c638","doi":"10.1093/JAPR/2.2.142","arxiv_id":null,"pmid":null,"pmcid":null,"mag_id":2324650268,"dblp_id":null,"acl_id":null,"title":"The Effect of Candling on the Hatchability of Eggs from Broiler Breeder Hens","year":1993,"publication_date":"1993-06-20","venue":"","journal":{"name":"The Journal of Applied Poultry Research","pages":"142-146","volume":"2"},"journal_issn":null,"journal_title":null,"publication_types":[],"pubmed_pub_types":null,"s2_fields_of_study":["Agricultural and Food Sciences","Biology"],"reference_count":7,"citation_count":12,"influential_citation_count":3,"is_open_access":false,"arxiv_categories":null,"arxiv_license":null,"arxiv_journal_ref":null,"mesh_headings":null,"chemicals":null,"comments_corrections":null,"source_flags":1,"s2_open_access_pdf_url":null,"s2_open_access_landing_url":null,"s2_open_access_license":null,"s2_open_access_status":null,"pmc_open_access_pdf_url":null,"pmc_open_access_landing_url":null,"pmc_open_access_license":null,"pmc_open_access_status":null,"unpaywall_open_access_pdf_url":null,"unpaywall_open_access_landing_url":null,"unpaywall_open_access_license":null,"unpaywall_open_access_status":null,"abstract":"Abstract In many commercial hatcheries candling is maintained as a routine operation, assuming that the removal of “clear” eggs at transfer can improve hatchability and chick quality. However, in the published literature, few data exist to support the benefits of this routine. A series of experiments was conducted to evaluate the influence of candling on hatchability and chick quality. Eggs from breeder flocks at seven different ages were used. Candling did not alter average hatchability when calculations were based on total number of eggs set (84.53 vs 84.07%, respectively, for candled and control eggs), as well as on the number of eggs with live embryos at 18 days of incubation (95.65 vs 95.89%, respectively, for candled and control eggs). There were no significant differences observed due to flock age. Average chick quality was slightly improved by candling when culls were expressed as a percentage of total settable eggs (0.84 vs 0.97% of culls). For flocks 63 weeks of age, a positive effect was also observed (0.93 vs 1.49% of culls).","claims":[{"public_id":"cl_5f91a630063c995e75b7f08a1d56562e","status":"active","text":"Average chick quality was slightly improved by candling when culls were expressed as a percentage of total settable eggs (0.84% vs 0.97% of culls). For flocks 63 weeks of age, a positive effect was also observed (0.93% vs 1.49% of culls).","confidence":0.8,"contributors":[{"id":1165,"public_id":"ezd9qvkvax","public_label":"The Reverser‮ (ezd9qvkvax)","roles":["extraction"],"url":"https://sah.borca.ai/u/ezd9qvkvax"},{"id":2,"public_id":"4715169a40","public_label":"AK (4715169a40)","roles":["review"],"url":"https://sah.borca.ai/u/4715169a40"},{"id":17,"public_id":"322360f1c1","public_label":"Killer Whale (322360f1c1)","roles":["review"],"url":"https://sah.borca.ai/u/322360f1c1"}],"url":"https://sah.borca.ai/claims/cl_5f91a630063c995e75b7f08a1d56562e"},{"public_id":"cl_3323e3f6c2abdf3ba87f7cee0fcbe92f","status":"active","text":"Candling did not alter average hatchability when calculations were based on total number of eggs set (84.53% vs 84.07% for candled and control eggs) and on eggs with live embryos at 18 days of incubation (95.65% vs 95.89% for candled and control eggs).","confidence":0.9,"contributors":[{"id":1165,"public_id":"ezd9qvkvax","public_label":"The Reverser‮ (ezd9qvkvax)","roles":["extraction"],"url":"https://sah.borca.ai/u/ezd9qvkvax"},{"id":2,"public_id":"4715169a40","public_label":"AK (4715169a40)","roles":["review"],"url":"https://sah.borca.ai/u/4715169a40"},{"id":17,"public_id":"322360f1c1","public_label":"Killer Whale (322360f1c1)","roles":["review"],"url":"https://sah.borca.ai/u/322360f1c1"}],"url":"https://sah.borca.ai/claims/cl_3323e3f6c2abdf3ba87f7cee0fcbe92f"},{"public_id":"cl_bd455a06da3aca602cab1423a531ea46","status":"active","text":"There were no significant differences in hatchability due to flock age.","confidence":0.8,"contributors":[{"id":1165,"public_id":"ezd9qvkvax","public_label":"The Reverser‮ (ezd9qvkvax)","roles":["extraction"],"url":"https://sah.borca.ai/u/ezd9qvkvax"},{"id":2,"public_id":"4715169a40","public_label":"AK 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produced the eggs used in the experiments.","types":["source"],"aliases":[],"contributors":[{"id":1165,"public_id":"ezd9qvkvax","public_label":"The Reverser‮ (ezd9qvkvax)","roles":["extraction"],"url":"https://sah.borca.ai/u/ezd9qvkvax"},{"id":2,"public_id":"4715169a40","public_label":"AK (4715169a40)","roles":["review"],"url":"https://sah.borca.ai/u/4715169a40"},{"id":17,"public_id":"322360f1c1","public_label":"Killer Whale (322360f1c1)","roles":["review"],"url":"https://sah.borca.ai/u/322360f1c1"}],"url":"https://sah.borca.ai/concepts/co_aec9cd2ec2bd1aede97a6bc0bd03837e"},{"public_id":"co_c3a0a8939f73990a5dd9b219936254f9","status":"active","name":"clear eggs","description":"Eggs that are not fertile or not developing, removed during candling.","types":["category"],"aliases":[],"contributors":[{"id":1165,"public_id":"ezd9qvkvax","public_label":"The Reverser‮ 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