The activation strain model and molecular orbital theory: understanding and designing chemical reactions.

No abstract is available for this paper.

• Publication year

  2014

• Venue

  Chemical Society Reviews

• Publication date

  2014-06-23

• Fields of study

  Medicine, Chemistry

• Identifiers
  DOI 10.1039/c4cs00055bPMID 24699791
• External record

  Open on Semantic Scholar

• Source metadata

  Semantic Scholar, PubMed

• No claims are published for this paper.

• No concepts are published for this paper.

• Origin of the “endo rule” in Diels–Alder reactions

  2014cited by this paper
• Ene-ene-yne reactions: activation strain analysis and the role of aromaticity.

  2014cited by this paper
• Mechanisms and origins of switchable chemoselectivity of Ni-catalyzed C(aryl)-O and C(acyl)-O activation of aryl esters with phosphine ligands.

  2014cited by this paper
• Understanding E2 versus SN2 Competition under Acidic and Basic Conditions

  2014cited by this paper
• Diels-Alder reactivities of strained and unstrained cycloalkenes with normal and inverse-electron-demand dienes: activation barriers and distortion/interaction analysis.

  2013cited by this paper
• Reactivity in nucleophilic vinylic substitution (S(N)V):S(N)Vπ versus S(N)Vσ mechanistic dichotomy.

  2013cited by this paper
• Noyori hydrogenation: aromaticity, synchronicity, and activation strain analysis.

  2013cited by this paper
• Nonlinear d10-ML2 Transition-Metal Complexes

  2013cited by this paper
• Why do cycloaddition reactions involving C60 prefer [6,6] over [5,6] bonds?

  2013cited by this paper
• Computational perspective on Pd-catalyzed C-C cross-coupling reaction mechanisms.

  2013cited by this paper
• Alder‐ene reaction: Aromaticity and activation‐strain analysis

  2012cited by this paper
• Type-I dyotropic reactions: understanding trends in barriers.

  2012cited by this paper
• Steric nature of the bite angle. A closer and a broader look.

  2011cited by this paper
• Aromaticity and activation strain analysis of [3 + 2] cycloaddition reactions between group 14 heteroallenes and triple bonds.

  2011cited by this paper
• 1,3-Dipole behavior of phosphagermaallene Tip(tBu)Ge=C=PMes* leading to a phosphagermaheterocyclic carbene.

  2010cited by this paper
• The activation strain model of chemical reactivity.

  2010cited by this paper
• Comment on "The interplay between steric and electronic effects in SN2 reactions".

  2010cited by this paper
• Rate-determining factors in nucleophilic aromatic substitution reactions.

  2010cited by this paper
• Survival of the Weakest: Catalyst Selection based on Intermediate Stability measured by Mass Spectrometry

  2010cited by this paper
• Catalyst selection based on intermediate stability measured by mass spectrometry

  2010cited by this paper
• Hypervalent carbon atom: "freezing" the S(N)2 transition state.

  2009cited by this paper
• Exploring the Reactivity Trends in the E2 and SN2 Reactions of X(-) + CH3CH2Cl (X = F, Cl, Br, HO, HS, HSe, NH2 PH2, AsH2, CH3, SiH3, and GeH3).

  2009cited by this paper
• The interplay between steric and electronic effects in S(N)2 reactions.

  2009cited by this paper
• Dynamics of 1,3-dipolar cycloaddition reactions of diazonium betaines to acetylene and ethylene: bending vibrations facilitate reaction.

  2009cited by this paper
• Double group transfer reactions: role of activation strain and aromaticity in reaction barriers.

  2009cited by this paper
• Dyotropic reactions: mechanisms and synthetic applications.

  2009cited by this paper
• Nucleophile-dependent regioselective ring opening of 2-substituted N,N-dibenzylaziridinium ions: bromide versus hydride.

  2009cited by this paper
• Hypervalent silicon versus carbon: ball-in-a-box model.

  2008cited by this paper
• Theory of 1,3-dipolar cycloadditions: distortion/interaction and frontier molecular orbital models.

  2008cited by this paper
• Nucleophilicity and leaving-group ability in frontside and backside S(N)2 reactions.

  2008cited by this paper
• Nucleophilic substitution at silicon (SN2@Si) via a central reaction barrier.

  2007cited by this paper
• Distortion/interaction energy control of 1,3-dipolar cycloaddition reactivity.

  2007cited by this paper
• In-plane aromaticity in double group transfer reactions.

  2007cited by this paper
• Transition-state energy and position along the reaction coordinate in an extended activation strain model.

  2007cited by this paper
• A Chemist's Guide to Valence Bond Theory

  2007cited by this paper
• Catalytic Carbon-Halogen Bond Activation:  Trends in Reactivity, Selectivity, and Solvation.

  2007cited by this paper
• Conceptual, Qualitative, and Quantitative Theories of 1,3‐Dipolar and Diels–Alder Cycloadditions Used in Synthesis

  2006cited by this paper
• A model of the chemical bond must be rooted in quantum mechanics, provide insight, and possess predictive power.

  2006cited by this paper
• Nucleophilic substitution at phosphorus (S(N)2@P): disappearance and reappearance of reaction barriers.

  2006cited by this paper
• Chemistry with ADF

  2001cited by this paper
• In-Plane Aromaticity in 1,3-Dipolar Cycloadditions. Solvent Effects, Selectivity, and Nucleus-Independent Chemical Shifts

  1999cited by this paper
• Understanding reactivity with Kohn–Sham molecular orbital theory: E2–SN2 mechanistic spectrum and other concepts

  1999cited by this paper
• Reaction Path Following in Mass-Weighted Internal Coordinates

  1990cited by this paper
• Recognition of stereochemical paths by orbital interaction

  1971cited by this paper
• Molecular Orbital Studies of Hydrogen Bonds. III. C=O···H–O Hydrogen Bond in H2CO···H2O and H2CO···2H2O

  1971cited by this paper
• Chemical and Electrochemical Electron-Transfer Theory

  1964cited by this paper

• Mechanistic Insights into Heterocyclic Diels–Alder Reactivity and Selectivity

  2026cites this paper
• Electronic and structural factors governing regio- and chemoselectivity in Rh(III)-catalyzed amidation reactions: A DFT study

  2026cites this paper
• Hepatoprotective potential of Nypa fruticans leaves: Insights from integrated Experimental and In Silico Approaches.

  2026cites this paper
• Understanding the influence of group 13 elements on the reactivity of G13–As–Ge imine analogues in 1,3-addition with methyl iodide

  2026cites this paper
• Unveiling the renal therapeutic potential of Nypa fruticans leaves: An integrated experimental and in silico approach

  2026cites this paper
• Self-healing epoxy coatings reinforced by attapulgite loaded with a triazole-thiol inhibitor for corrosion protection

  2026cites this paper
• Primary Amine-Catalyzed Enantioselective Fluorination of α-Branched Aldehydes with Low Catalyst Loadings.

  2025cites this paper
• Modelling an Fe-III High-Valent Pincer-type Transition Metal Complex for Dehydrogenation of Ammonia-Borane.

  2025cites this paper
• Cobalt-Catalyzed Enantioselective Reductive Coupling of Imines and Internal Alkynes.

  2025cites this paper
• Reactions of 1,4‐Diborinine Derivatives with CO2

  2025cites this paper
• Effect of strain and π-acidity on the catalytic efficiency of carbones in carbodiimide hydroboration.

  2025cites this paper
• Unveiling the Reaction Mechanism of Diels-Alder Cycloadditions between 2,5-Dimethylfuran and Ethylene Derivatives Using Topological Tools.

  2025cites this paper
• Description of changes in chemical bonding along the pathways of chemical reactions by deformation of the molecular electrostatic potential

  2025cites this paper
• An NAD⁺ analogue enables assembly of structurally diverse artificial photoenzymes for enantiodivergent [2 + 2] cycloadditions

  2025cites this paper
• Theoretical Study of Cu Carbenoids in C–H Activation Reactions: The Interplay between Metal Back-Donation and Electrophilicity of the Carbon

  2025cites this paper
• Mechanistic Study on the Asymmetric Cascade Michael Addition of Alkynone and Oxindole Catalyzed by Chiral Guanidine.

  2025cites this paper
• DFT in Catalysis: Complex Equations for Practical Computing Applications in Chemistry

  2025cites this paper
• Accessing trifluoromethylated SuFEx-able pyrazole via distortion-accelerated 1,3-dipolar cycloadditions

  2025cites this paper
• Alkaline hydrolysis of solid 1,3,5-trichloro-2,4-dinitrobenzene (T3): kinetics, mechanism, and overlooked deprotonation effects.

  2025cites this paper
• Stepwise alkyne insertion in Au(i) acetylides: influence of the nuclearity

  2025cites this paper
• A computational study of the formation of surface methoxy species in H-SSZ-13 and H-SAPO-34 frameworks.

  2025cites this paper
• Integrating a multitask graph neural network with DFT calculations for site-selectivity prediction of arenes and mechanistic knowledge generation

  2025cites this paper
• Asymmetric intramolecular reductive coupling of bisimines templated by chiral diborons

  2025cites this paper
• Mechanistic insights and stereoselectivity in Ni(II)-catalyzed asymmetric [3 + 2]/[3 + 3] cycloaddition reactions of donor-acceptor cyclopropanes: A DFT study

  2025cites this paper
• Straightforward Access to Pentafluorosulfanylated Phenols and Aminophenols via [4 + 2] Diels–Alder Cycloaddition Reaction

  2025cites this paper
• An open-shell Ir(II)/Ir(IV) redox couple outperforms an Ir(I)/Ir(III) pair in olefin isomerization

  2025cites this paper
• DFT Investigation of the Stereoselectivity of the Lewis-Acid-Catalyzed Diels–Alder Reaction between 2,5-Dimethylfuran and Acrolein

  2025cites this paper
• Mechanistic insights into the stereocontrolling non-covalent π interactions in Pd-catalyzed redox-relay Heck arylation reaction.

  2025cites this paper
• Reactivity and Activation Barrier Origins of Heavy -Like Molecules Featuring a Group 14═P Double Bond Toward Methyl Iodide: A Chemical Insight.

  2025cites this paper
• Computational Exploration of Xe Dimers Inside Fullerene Cages

  2025cites this paper
• CO2 activation without metals enabled by Lewis acid/base-free G13P double bonds.

  2025cites this paper
• Unveiling the Mechanism and Origins of Selectivity in Phosphine-Catalyzed Higher-Order Cycloadditions of Allenes with Tropone.

  2025cites this paper
• Metal-organic framework-supported palladium(II) single-site as a solid catalyst for the hydroformylation and hydroxycarbonylation of styrene with formic acid

  2025cites this paper
• Tunable cobalt-catalysed hydrogenation of allenes enabled by multiple metal–ligand cooperative functionalities

  2025cites this paper
• Dynamics-based transition states reveal solvent cage effect and SN2 transition state motion in Lewis acid catalyzed stereoselective tertiary alcohol nucleophilic substitution reactions

  2025cites this paper
• The Origin of Stereoselectivity in Dual Transition‐Metal/NHC Asymmetric Catalysis: A Competitive Induction Model

  2025cites this paper
• Methyl Radical Addition Reaction to Substituted C═C Double Bonds.

  2025cites this paper
• Phosphorus-Based Redox Organocatalysis for Sustainable Synthesis: A Literature Review

  2025cites this paper
• Mechanism and stereoselectivity of a [3 + 2] cycloaddition involving a glucosyl nitrone: a MEDT study.

  2025cites this paper
• Transition-state aromaticity and its relationship with reactivity in pericyclic reactions

  2025cites this paper
• Understanding the Reactivity of "Naked" Acyclic Carbene-like Species Featuring a Group 13 Element in the [4+1] Cycloaddition with Benzene.

  2025cites this paper
• Reaction development: a student's checklist.

  2025cites this paper
• Insights into the Factors Controlling the Origin of Activation Barriers in the [2 + 2] Cycloaddition Reactions of Heavy Imine-like Molecules Featuring a Ge=Group 15 Double Bond with Heterocumulenes

  2025cites this paper
• Influence of the Nature of Group 15 Element on [AuI]–C≡E/Azide 1,3-Dipolar Cycloaddition Reaction

  2025cites this paper
• The Amsterdam Modeling Suite.

  2025cites this paper
• Mechanistic Insights Into the B(C6F5)3-catalyzed Wolff Rearrangement/[2 + 2] and [4 + 2] Cascade Cyclization of α-Diazoketones With Imines.

  2025cites this paper
• Computational investigation of the Lewis acid-catalyzed Diels–Alder reaction between carbon dioxide and furan

  2025cites this paper
• Significant Insights into the Origins of Reaction Barriers Governing the Addition Reactions of Olefins with Singly Bonded G13/P-Based and Al/G15-Based Molecules.

  2025cites this paper
• Examining the Role of Internal Electric Fields in Reducing Reaction Barriers in Cycloaddition Reactions of Oxygen-Bridged Al/P- and Si/P-Based Frustrated Lewis Pairs with Heterocumulenes.

  2025cites this paper
• Gold(I)-N-heterocyclic carbene hydration process; ab initio, DFT, and QM/MM molecular dynamics study.

  2025cites this paper
• Understanding Small Molecule Activation Promoted by Heavier Benzene 1,4‐diides: Interplay Between Diradical Character and Aromaticity

  2025cites this paper
• Regioselective Hydropyridylation of Heteroatom-Functionalized Internal Alkenes by Half-Sandwich Rare-Earth Catalysts.

  2025cites this paper
• The Role of Elemental Factors in the Reactivity of Combination Reactions between Heavy Vinylidene-Like Molecules and Carbene Analogues.

  2025cites this paper
• Development of a Vinylated Cyclic Allene: A Fleeting Strained Diene for the Diels–Alder Reaction

  2025cites this paper
• Decoding the [3 + 2] cycloaddition of a furan-imine oxide with styrene: mechanism, selectivity and bioactivity.

  2025cites this paper
• Unveiling SalL Chlorinase Reaction Mechanism and Selectivity through Quantum Mechanical/Molecular Mechanics and Activation-Strain Model.

  2025cites this paper
• The spectrum from van der Waals to donor–acceptor bonding

  2025cites this paper
• Accessing planar chiral ferrocenes via transient directing group-enabled C–H alkenylation under Pd(II) catalysis

  2025cites this paper
• Mechanism and Origin of Regioselectivity in the Phosphine-Catalyzed Heine Reaction

  2025cites this paper
• Methyl Radical Addition Reactions to CX Double Bonds

  2025cites this paper
• From Delocalization to Disruption: The Role of Aromaticity in N-Heterocyclic Carbenes' Reactions with Diazoalkane and Diazoester.

  2025cites this paper
• Exploring the Reactivity and Activation Barrier Origin of Group 14 = Phosphorus Nitrile Analogues in [2 + 2] Cycloaddition with Diphenylketene.

  2025cites this paper
• An improved mechanistic model for the diastereoselective addition of Grignard reagents to N-(tert-butylsulfinyl)imines

  2025cites this paper
• Manganese-Catalyzed Oxazoline-Directed C-H Addition of Arenes to Unsaturated Polar Bond: Experimental and Computational Study.

  2025cites this paper
• Electronic and mechanistic insights into the role of group 15 elements in the reactivity of dipnictogen dications featuring group 15group 15 double bonds in [2 + 2] cycloaddition reactions with phenylacetylene.

  2025cites this paper
• Identifying Reactivity Differences of Two-Carbon-Atom-Based Legacy Refrigerants at Group 9 Metal Pincer Complexes

  2025cites this paper
• Environmentally friendly synthesis of carbon quantum dots (CQDs) to enhance photocatalytic activity for the photodegradation of various organic dyes and the evolution of hydrogen and oxygen

  2025cites this paper
• Unraveling the Dichotomy Exerted by Boron Reagents in Site-Selective Functionalization of C(sp2)- and C(sp3)-OMe Bonds.

  2025cites this paper
• Unexpected high activity of Cr(acac)3 for C2H4 polymerization

  2025cites this paper
• Nickel-Catalyzed P-Arylation of HP(= O)(R/OR)2 Nucleophiles with (Hetero)Aryl Chlorides Enabled by DalPhos Ligation.

  2025cites this paper
• An analysis method including orbital overlap directions for predicting π electron properties and reactivity vectors

  2025cites this paper
• A Change in C–H Activation Mechanism: Experimental and Computational Investigations of Rh-Catalyzed Disubstituted Benzene Functionalization

  2025cites this paper
• Catalytic Asymmetric Construction of Quaternary Stereocenters via Synergistic Au/SPA Catalysis: Mechanistic Insights from DFT Studies.

  2025cites this paper
• Theoretical studies on anhydride dynamic covalent bond exchange mechanisms

  2025cites this paper
• Novel Trifunctional Intramolecular Frustrated Lewis Pair Derived From Aminoboronic Acid for Converting CO2 Into Valuable Chemicals

  2024cites this paper
• Synthesis, Crystal Structure, and Theoretical Screening of Solvatochromism and Light-Harvesting Performance of Hexamine V-Substituted Lindqvist-Based Photosensitizer for Photovoltaic Solar Cells

  2024cites this paper
• Origin of Manipulating Selectivity in Prins Cyclization by [Ga4L6]12- Supramolecular Catalysis through Host-Guest Interactions.

  2024cites this paper
• Ketalization mechanism of glycerol to biobased glycerol levulinate ketal over HZSM-5: A combined experimental and theoretical study

  2024cites this paper
• Redox-neutral depolymerization of lignin-derived aryl ethers catalyzed by Rh(III)-complexes: a mechanistic insight.

  2024cites this paper
• Retro-Cope elimination of cyclic alkynes: reactivity trends and rational design of next-generation bioorthogonal reagents

  2024cites this paper
• Carbene-Decorated Geometrically Constrained Borylenes for Bond Activations.

  2024cites this paper
• Mechanistic Insight of High-Valent First-Row Transition Metal Complexes for Dehydrogenation of Ammonia Borane.

  2024cites this paper
• Iridium-catalysed synthesis of C,N,N-cyclic azomethine imines enables entry to unexplored nitrogen-rich 3D chemical space

  2024cites this paper
• Exploring the Impact of Elements on the Reactivity of a Straightforward Procedure for Generating Vinyl-Carbazole Derivatives via a Frustrated Lewis Pair Mechanism

  2024cites this paper
• Elucidating Mechanism and Selectivity in Pyridine Functionalization through Silylium Catalysis.

  2024cites this paper
• Concise Synthesis of Cyctetryptomycin A and B Enabled by Zr‐Catalyzed Dimerization

  2024cites this paper
• Untangling the catalytic importance of the Se oxidation state in organoselenium-mediated oxygen-transfer reactions: the conversion of aniline to nitrobenzene

  2024cites this paper
• Origin of the Felkin–Anh(–Eisenstein) model: a quantitative rationalization of a seminal concept

  2024cites this paper
• Steric Effect and Intrinsic Electrophilicity and Nucleophilicity from a Conceptual Density Functional Theory and Information-Theoretic Approach as Quantitative Probes of Chemical Reactions.

  2024cites this paper
• Exohedral Diels-Alder Reactivity of Endohedral Metallofullerene C36.

  2024cites this paper
• Frustrated Lewis pair-mediated hydro-dehalogenation: crucial role of non-covalent interactions

  2024cites this paper
• Understanding the coupling of non-metallic heteroatoms to CO2 from a Conceptual DFT perspective

  2024cites this paper
• Understanding the Impact of Group 14 Elements on the Reactivity of [1 + 2] Cycloaddition Reaction between a Cyclic (Alkyl)(amino)carbene Analogue with a Group 14 Element and a Heavy Acetylene Molecule.

  2024cites this paper
• Mechanistic Studies on the Gold-Catalyzed Intramolecular Hydroalkylation of Ynamides to Indenes

  2024cites this paper
• Photochemical Deracemization of Lactams with Deuteration Enabled by Dual Hydrogen Atom Transfer.

  2024cites this paper
• An efficient and flexible approach for local distortion: distortion distribution analysis enabled by fragmentation

  2024cites this paper
• Structural Flexibility is a Decisive Factor in FLP Dihydrogen Cleavage with Tetrahedral Lewis Acids: A Silane Case Study.

  2024cites this paper
• Molecular-strain induced phosphinidene reactivity of a phosphanorcaradiene

  2024cites this paper
• Structural Snapshots of Reversible Carbon Dioxide Capture and (De)oxygenation at Group 14 Diradicaloids.

  2024cites this paper
• Density functional theory investigation of the contributions of π-π stacking and hydrogen bonding with water to the supramolecular aggregation interactions of model asphaltene heterocyclic compounds

  2024cites this paper