Compartment-specific importance of glutathione during abiotic and biotic stress

The tripeptide thiol glutathione (γ-L-glutamyl-L-cysteinyl-glycine) is the most important sulfur containing antioxidant in plants and essential for plant defense against abiotic and biotic stress conditions. It is involved in the detoxification of reactive oxygen species (ROS), redox signaling, the modulation of defense gene expression, and the regulation of enzymatic activities. Even though changes in glutathione contents are well documented in plants and its roles in plant defense are well established, still too little is known about its compartment-specific importance during abiotic and biotic stress conditions. Due to technical advances in the visualization of glutathione and the redox state through microscopical methods some progress was made in the last few years in studying the importance of subcellular glutathione contents during stress conditions in plants. This review summarizes the data available on compartment-specific importance of glutathione in the protection against abiotic and biotic stress conditions such as high light stress, exposure to cadmium, drought, and pathogen attack (Pseudomonas, Botrytis, tobacco mosaic virus). The data will be discussed in connection with the subcellular accumulation of ROS during these conditions and glutathione synthesis which are both highly compartment specific (e.g., glutathione synthesis takes place in chloroplasts and the cytosol). Thus this review will reveal the compartment-specific importance of glutathione during abiotic and biotic stress conditions.

• Publication year

  2014

• Venue

  Frontiers in Plant Science

• Publication date

  2014-10-20

• Fields of study

  Biology, Medicine, Environmental Science

• Identifiers
  DOI 10.3389/fpls.2014.00566PMID 25368627PMCID 4202713
• External record

  Open on Semantic Scholar

• Source metadata

  Semantic Scholar, PubMed

• Glutathione synthesis is described as occurring in chloroplasts and the cytosol.

  Confidence 0.90

  박진우 (dztg5apj7m) extraction뀨 (7c402c1b98) reviewB (s683577b42) reviewKiller Whale (322360f1c1) review
• Subcellular accumulation of reactive oxygen species is presented as highly compartment specific during these stress conditions.

  Confidence 0.92

  박진우 (dztg5apj7m) extraction뀨 (7c402c1b98) reviewB (s683577b42) reviewKiller Whale (322360f1c1) review
• Compartment-specific glutathione is highlighted as important for protection against abiotic and biotic stress conditions.

  Confidence 0.96

  박진우 (dztg5apj7m) extraction뀨 (7c402c1b98) reviewB (s683577b42) reviewKiller Whale (322360f1c1) review

• abiotic stress

  stress condition

  Stress caused by non-living environmental factors such as intense light, cadmium exposure, or drought.

  박진우 (dztg5apj7m) extraction뀨 (7c402c1b98) reviewB (s683577b42) reviewKiller Whale (322360f1c1) review
• biotic stress

  stress condition

  Stress caused by infectious biological agents discussed here in the context of plant defense.

  Aliases: pathogen attack

  박진우 (dztg5apj7m) extraction뀨 (7c402c1b98) reviewB (s683577b42) reviewKiller Whale (322360f1c1) review
• chloroplasts

  organelle

  Photosynthetic organelles identified here as a site of glutathione synthesis.

  박진우 (dztg5apj7m) extraction뀨 (7c402c1b98) reviewB (s683577b42) reviewKiller Whale (322360f1c1) review
• compartment-specific glutathione

  concept

  Glutathione levels considered separately within different cellular compartments.

  Aliases: subcellular glutathione contents

  박진우 (dztg5apj7m) extraction뀨 (7c402c1b98) reviewB (s683577b42) reviewKiller Whale (322360f1c1) review
• cytosol

  cellular compartment

  The aqueous intracellular compartment identified here as a site of glutathione synthesis.

  박진우 (dztg5apj7m) extraction뀨 (7c402c1b98) reviewB (s683577b42) reviewKiller Whale (322360f1c1) review
• glutathione

  molecule

  A tripeptide thiol antioxidant central to redox homeostasis in plant cells.

  Aliases: GSH, γ-L-glutamyl-L-cysteinyl-glycine

  박진우 (dztg5apj7m) extraction뀨 (7c402c1b98) reviewB (s683577b42) reviewKiller Whale (322360f1c1) review
• glutathione synthesis

  process

  The biosynthetic production of glutathione within plant cells.

  박진우 (dztg5apj7m) extraction뀨 (7c402c1b98) reviewB (s683577b42) reviewKiller Whale (322360f1c1) review
• reactive oxygen species

  molecule class

  Reactive oxygen-containing species considered in relation to stress and redox balance in plant compartments.

  Aliases: ROS

  박진우 (dztg5apj7m) extraction뀨 (7c402c1b98) reviewB (s683577b42) reviewKiller Whale (322360f1c1) review
• subcellular ros accumulation

  observation

  The compartment-dependent buildup of reactive oxygen species within plant cells.

  박진우 (dztg5apj7m) extraction뀨 (7c402c1b98) reviewB (s683577b42) reviewKiller Whale (322360f1c1) review

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