Efficiency optimization and symmetry-breaking in a model of ciliary locomotion

A variety of swimming microorganisms, called ciliates, exploit the bending of a large number of small and densely packed organelles, termed cilia, in order to propel themselves in a viscous fluid. We consider a spherical envelope model for such ciliary locomotion where the dynamics of the individual cilia are replaced by that of a continuous overlaying surface allowed to deform tangentially to itself. Employing a variational approach, we determine numerically the time-periodic deformation of such surface which leads to low-Reynolds locomotion with minimum rate of energy dissipation (maximum efficiency). Employing both Lagrangian and Eulerian points of views, we show that in the optimal swimming stroke, individual cilia display weak asymmetric beating, but that a significant symmetry-breaking occurs at the organism level, with the whole surface deforming in a wavelike fashion reminiscent of metachronal waves of biological cilia. This wave motion is analyzed using a formal modal decomposition, is found to o...

• Publication year

  2010

• Venue

  Physics of Fluids

• Publication date

  2010-07-13

• Fields of study

  Physics, Engineering

• Identifiers
  DOI 10.1063/1.3507951arXiv 1007.2101
• External record

  Open on Semantic Scholar

• Source metadata

  Semantic Scholar

• No claims are published for this paper.

• No concepts are published for this paper.

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