Schooling and Its Supplements: Changing Global Patterns and Implications for Comparative Education

No abstract is available for this paper.

• Publication year

  2017

• Venue

  Comparative Education Review

• Publication date

  2017-06-06

• Fields of study

  Sociology, Economics, Education

• Identifiers
  DOI 10.1086/692709
• External record

  Open on Semantic Scholar

• Source metadata

  Semantic Scholar

• No claims are published for this paper.

• No concepts are published for this paper.

• Researching private supplementary tutoring: methodological lessons from diverse cultures

  2019cited by this paper
• Azerbaijan

  2019cited by this paper
• Shadow Education in East Asia: Entrenched but Evolving Private Supplementary Tutoring

  2018cited by this paper
• Micro-neoliberalism in China: public-private interactions at the confluence of mainstream and shadow education

  2017cited by this paper
• "Leaning in" on Education for All

  2016cited by this paper
• Regulating private tutoring for public good: Policy options for supplementary education in Asia

  2016cited by this paper
• Learning Beyond the School Walls: Trends and Implications

  2016cited by this paper
• Global Education Monitoring Report Education for people and planet : Creating sustainable futures for all

  2016cited by this paper
• Shadow Education: The Rise and Implications of Private Supplementary Tutoring

  2016cited by this paper
• National Differences Global Similarities World Culture And The Future Of Schooling

  2016cited by this paper
• Sustainable Development Goals

  2016cited by this paper
• Shadow schooling: Private tuition and social mobility in the UK

  2016cited by this paper
• When Whole-Person Development Encounters Social Stratification: Teachers’ Ambivalent Attitudes Towards Private Supplementary Tutoring in Hong Kong

  2016cited by this paper
• The internal dynamics of privatised public education: Fee-charging supplementary tutoring provided by teachers in Cambodia

  2016cited by this paper
• Learning English in the Shadows: Understanding Chinese Learners' Experiences of Private Tutoring

  2015cited by this paper
• Rethinking education: towards a global common good?

  2015cited by this paper
• Trajectories in the Development of Modern School Systems

  2015cited by this paper
• The influence of private tutoring on middle-class students’ use of in-class time in formal schools in Taiwan

  2015cited by this paper
• Minds, Politics, and Gods in the Schooled Society: Consequences of the Education Revolution

  2014cited by this paper
• Hidden privatization of public education in Cambodia: Equity implications of private tutoring

  2014cited by this paper
• The Shadow School System and New Class Divisions in India: Multitudes of customers throng the gates of the education bazaar

  2014cited by this paper
• The “magic” of tutorial centres in Hong Kong: An analysis of media marketing and pedagogy in a tutorial centre

  2014cited by this paper
• Measurement Issues in Research on Shadow Education: Challenges and Pitfalls Encountered in TIMSS and PISA

  2014cited by this paper
• Supplementary education in the United States: Policy context, characteristics, and challenges

  2014cited by this paper
• Supplementary education in a changing organizational field: The canadian case

  2013cited by this paper
• Out of the Shadows: The Global Intensification of Supplementary Education

  2013cited by this paper
• Educational legitimation and parental aspiration: private tutoring in Perth, Western Australia

  2013cited by this paper
• Private tutoring across the Mediterranean: power dynamics and implications for learning and equity

  2013cited by this paper
• Education ‘Home Delivery’ in Egypt: Private Tutoring and Social Stratification

  2013cited by this paper
• The insecurity industry: Supplementary education in Japan

  2013cited by this paper
• Making markets: Policy construction of supplementary education in the united states and korea

  2013cited by this paper
• The demand for private tutoring in Turkey : unintended consequences of curriculum reform

  2013cited by this paper
• Between Faith and Science:World Culture Theory and Comparative Education

  2012cited by this paper
• Learning for All: Investing in People's Knowledge and Skills to Promote Development

  2011cited by this paper
• Demand for private tuition classes under the free education policy. Evidence based on Sri Lanka

  2011cited by this paper
• Making Failure Pay: For-Profit Tutoring, High-Stakes Testing, and Public Schools

  2011cited by this paper
• Education Fever : Society , Politics , and the Pursuit of Schooling in South Korea

  2011cited by this paper
• Confronting the shadow education system: what government policies for what private tutoring?

  2011cited by this paper
• Facing the shadow education system in Hong Kong

  2011cited by this paper
• The Challenge of Shadow Education: Private Tutoring and its Implications for Policy Makers in the European Union

  2011cited by this paper
• Researching shadow education: methodological challenges and directions

  2010cited by this paper
• Private tutoring through the internet: globalization and offshoring

  2010cited by this paper
• The origin of universal shadow education: what the supplemental education phenomenon tells us about the postmodern institution of education

  2010cited by this paper
• HONG KONG'S SHADOW EDUCATION Private Tutoring in Hong Kong

  2010cited by this paper
• Private Expectations and public schooling: the growth of private tutoring in Australia

  2009cited by this paper
• Rethinking the Comparative—and the International

  2006cited by this paper
• Do Supplemental Educational Services Increase Opportunities for Minority Students?

  2006cited by this paper
• The Shadow Education System: Private Tutoring and Its Implications for Planners, Fundamentals of Educational Planning 61, Mark Bray. UNESCO International Institute for Educational Planning, Paris (1999), www.unesco.org/iiep/eng/focus/etico/etico.html, (97pp.) , ISBN: 92-803-1187-5

  2005cited by this paper
• National Differences, Global Similarities: World Culture and the Future of Schooling

  2005cited by this paper
• Education at a Glance: OECD Indicators — 2004 Edition

  2005cited by this paper
• Forms of Capital

  2002cited by this paper
• The Issue of Private Tuition: An Analysis of the Practice in Mauritius and Selected South-east Asian Countries

  2002cited by this paper
• Educating the Right Way: Markets, Standards, God, and Inequality

  2001cited by this paper
• Counting the full cost: Parental and community financing of education in East Asia

  1997cited by this paper
• Levels of Comparison in Educational Studies: Different Insights from Different Literatures and the Value of Multilevel Analyses

  1995cited by this paper
• Foreword

  1993cited by this paper
• Shadow Education and Allocation in Formal Schooling: Transition to University in Japan

  1992cited by this paper
• World Expansion of Mass Education, 1870-1980

  1992cited by this paper
• Extra school instruction, social equity and educational quality

  1991cited by this paper
• Schooling in Western Europe: A Social History.

  1985cited by this paper
• Explaining the Origins and Expansion of Mass Education

  1985cited by this paper
• The growing phenomena of tuition classes:the perceived reasons and some latent social factors

  1982cited by this paper
• National Development and the World System: Educational, Economic, and Political Change, 1950-1970

  1979cited by this paper
• The Effects of Education as an Institution

  1977cited by this paper

• Tracking Aspirations: Neoliberal Education and Mobility for Cambodian Youth

  2026cites this paper
• The association between private tutoring and mathematics learning outcomes in primary and secondary schools: A three-level meta-analysis

  2026cites this paper
• Curating an ‘educational environment’: Commercial libraries, new entrepreneurs and shifting geographies of education in India

  2025influential citation
• ‘Strategic separation’ as academic adaptation: Chinese international students’ use of shadow education in Australian higher education

  2025cites this paper
• Can Non-Academic Extracurricular Training Enhance Non-Cognitive Skills in Chinese Adolescents? An Empirical Analysis Using CEPS Data

  2025cites this paper
• Between Commerce and Education: A Phenomenological Study of Planned Intervention Classes in Selected Schools of Akuapem North Municipality, Ghana

  2025cites this paper
• Transboundary Learning Culture as Emerging Discourse for Post-Oriental Curriculum Studies

  2025cites this paper
• Whose responsibility is it anyway? Exploring the tutoring policy landscape in Australia using the Peters framework

  2025cites this paper
• Parental choice of private tuition: Valuing attention, judging quality and navigating access in England's underregulated supplementary education market

  2025cites this paper
• Shadow education: weakening or strengthening dissatisfied parents’ exit and voice in education?

  2025cites this paper
• When the Shadow Threatens: The Rise of Private Supplementary Tutoring and Its Implications for Schooling

  2025cites this paper
• Latent profile analysis of participation in organised leisure activities across urban neighbourhoods: implications for educational equity

  2025cites this paper
• Enhancing professional development in medical residency through a shadow curriculum: an evaluation based on Kirkpatrick model

  2025cites this paper
• ‘Levelling up’ access to private tutoring in England: problem representation in government policy

  2025cites this paper
• Paradoxical Parenting Practices and Australian Higher Education

  2025cites this paper
• Supplementation Matters: Academic Impact of an Afterschool Tutoring Program in Timor-Leste

  2025cites this paper
• Decoding the behavioral imaginary: voluntarily submission to symbolic violence of Chinese Postgraduate Entrance Examination (PEE)

  2025cites this paper
• Self-directed Learning Ability and Shadow Education Expenditures: A Comparison of Impact on Student Achievement in Korea During COVID-19

  2024cites this paper
• Equity, the transnational and the global learning crisis

  2024cites this paper
• Quest for Equitable Education in Phases: Insights From an NGO in China

  2024cites this paper
• From the Peripheral to the Transboundary: Documenting the Lived Experiences of Students and Parents with Online Math Tutoring Services

  2024influential citation
• A bibliometric analysis of the evolving mechanisms of shadow education research

  2024cites this paper
• Effects of the “double reduction” policy on the commercial tutoring sector in China

  2024cites this paper
• Geographies of supplementary education: Private tuition, classed and racialised parenting cultures, and the neoliberal educational playing field

  2024influential citation
• Transnational juku: Japanese shadow education institutions in Hong Kong, Beijing, and Shanghai

  2024influential citation
• Marketization of Shadow Education in Switzerland: How “Edupreneurs” Promote Preparation Programmes for a Selective School Transition

  2024cites this paper
• Perspectives on early childhood development in China: key dimensions and contextual contributions

  2024cites this paper
• Reforms for Another Planet: The Global Learning Crisis, Political Drivers and Expert Views on Egypt’s Edu 2.0

  2023cites this paper
• Different subjects, different incentives: Private tutoring and perceived instructional quality in Czech lower-secondary schools

  2023cites this paper
• Variegated Roles of and Relationships Between Private Tutoring and Schooling: Insights From the State of Maharashtra, India

  2023cites this paper
• Education investment “rat race” in China: how income inequality shapes family investment in shadow education

  2023cites this paper
• Understanding private supplementary tutoring: metaphors, diversities and agendas for shadow education research (Comprendiendo las clases particulares complementarias: metáforas, variedades y agendas para la investigación sobre educación en la sombra)

  2023influential citation
• The Cause of Institutionalized Private Tutoring in Korea: Defective Public Schooling or a Universal Desire for Family Reproduction?

  2023cites this paper
• Children’s technologies of the self within neoliberal governmentality at the educational transition to Gymnasium in Zurich

  2023cites this paper
• Teachers and School Leaders’ Readiness for Parental Engagement: Critical Policy Analysis of Canadian Standards

  2023cites this paper
• Research Hotspot and Front Visualization of the Shadow Education System: Data from Web of Science

  2023cites this paper
• Middle-class parental engagement in pandemic times: developing strategies and mobilizing capitals

  2023cites this paper
• Teaching-learning dynamics between schools and tutoring centres in India: a virtuous or vicious cycle? (Las dinámicas de enseñanza-aprendizaje en los centros escolares y los centros de tutorías privadas en la India: ¿ciclo virtuoso o ciclo vicioso?)

  2023influential citation
• A bibliometric mapping of shadow education research: achievements, limitations, and the future

  2022cites this paper
• Effects of Helicopter Parenting on Tutoring Engagement and Continued Attendance at Cram Schools

  2022cites this paper
• Examination of Private Lesson Processing Processes

  2022cites this paper
• Market-based parental involvement: impact of networks of middle-class mothers in the education marketplace

  2022cites this paper
• Government policies and unintended consequences: Rising demand for private supplementary tutoring in China

  2022cites this paper
• Studying region, network, fluid, and fire in an educational programme working against social inequalities

  2022cites this paper
• Modelling and analysis for higher education shadow institutions in Indian context: an ISM approach

  2022cites this paper
• Teaching in Extra Classes Settings in Cape Coast Metropolis: Implication for Improved Learning Outcomes

  2022cites this paper
• Education as care labor: Expanding our lens on the work-life balance problem

  2022cites this paper
• Perception of School Stakeholders on Shadow Education in Iringa Municipality, Tanzania

  2022influential citation
• Supplementary education and the coronavirus pandemic: Economic vitality, business spatiality and societal value in the private tuition industry during the first wave of Covid-19 in England

  2021influential citation
• The evolution of shadow education in China: From emergence to capitalisation

  2021cites this paper
• Social legitimacy of private tutoring: an investigation of institutional and affective educational practices in India

  2021influential citation
• Shadow Education in Denmark: In the Light of the Danish History of Pedagogy and the Skepticism Toward Competition

  2021cites this paper
• Locked in: understanding the ‘irreversibility’ of powerful private supplementary tutoring markets

  2021cites this paper
• Parentocracy within meritocracy: parental perspective on lecture-style English private tutoring in Hong Kong

  2021influential citation
• Globalisation and the Expansion of Shadow Education: Changing Shapes and Forces of Private Supplementary Tutoring

  2021cites this paper
• Shadow education in Africa: Private supplementary tutoring and its policy implications

  2021cites this paper
• Exposing the “shadow”: an empirical scrutiny of the “shadowing process” of private tutoring in India

  2021cites this paper
• The Private Tutoring Industry in Denmark: Market Making and Modes of Moral Justification

  2020influential citation
• The visible hand behind study-abroad waves: cram schools, organizational framing and the international mobility of Chinese students

  2020cites this paper
• The Challenges of Measuring Outside-School-Time Educational Activities: Experiences and Lessons from the Programme for International Student Assessment (PISA)

  2020cites this paper
• Marketising private tuition: Representations of tutors’ competence, entrepreneurial opportunities and service legitimation in home tutoring business manuals

  2020cites this paper
• Selective schooling and its relationship to private tutoring: the case of South Korea

  2020influential citation
• Worldwide Shadow Education Epidemic and Its Move toward Shadow Curriculum

  2020influential citation
• Shadow Education in Europe: Growing Prevalence, Underlying Forces, and Policy Implications

  2020influential citation
• Shadow Education in Germany: Compensatory or Status Attainment Strategy? Findings from the German LifE Study

  2020cites this paper
• Can Greater Access to Education Be Inequitable? New Evidence from India’s Right to Education Act

  2020cites this paper
• Participation Patterns and Effectiveness of Out-of-School Time Mathematics Classes

  2020influential citation
• Performance ranking in school mathematics in Kenya: A device that conceals and naturalizes inappropriate teaching strategies

  2020cites this paper
• The Rise of Supplementary Education in Sweden: Arguments, Thought Styles, and Policy Enactment

  2020cites this paper
• The Effects of High Stakes Educational Testing on Enrollments in an Era of Hyper-Expansion: Cross-National Evidence, 1960–2010

  2020cites this paper
• Shadow education in the service of tiger parenting: Strategies used by middle‐class families in China

  2020cites this paper
• Formal instruction vs informal exposure. What matters more for teenagers’ acquisition of English as a second language?

  2020cites this paper
• Private supplementary tutoring at higher education in Kuwait: a socioeconomic study

  2020cites this paper
• Accountability and (mis)trust in education systems: Private supplementary tutoring and the ineffectiveness of regulation in Myanmar

  2020cites this paper
• Les systèmes éducatifs formels ont-ils un avenir ?

  2020cites this paper
• Árnyékoktatás: alapfogalmak, kutatás, lehetőségek

  2020cites this paper
• A question of time and place: student tutors’ narrative identities in for- and non-profit contexts in Sweden

  2020cites this paper
• Gender- and SES-Specific Disparities in Shadow Education: Compensation for Boys, Status Upgrade for Girls? Evidence From the German LifE Study

  2020cites this paper
• A Comparative Study of Status of Health Literacy in the Curriculum of Finland and Iran

  2020cites this paper
• A changing environment of urban education: historical and spatial analysis of private supplementary tutoring in China

  2020cites this paper
• Worldwide shadow education and social inequality: Explaining differences in the socioeconomic gap in access to shadow education across 63 societies

  2020influential citation
• Challenges of Home Tutors in Complying With Malaysian Tax Requirement

  2020cites this paper
• Teacher or friend? – consumer narratives on private supplementary tutoring in Sweden as policy enactment

  2019cites this paper
• Spatializing a global education phenomenon: private tutoring and mobility theory in Cambodia

  2019cites this paper
• Mapping and Analyzing Private Supplementary Tutoring: Approaches and Themes

  2019cites this paper
• An Exploration of the Drivers of Private Tutoring in Egypt

  2019cites this paper
• Global Learning Fever Beyond Schooling: Calling It as Shadow Education Enough?

  2019cites this paper
• Learning, Teaching, and Researching in Shadow Education in Hong Kong: An Autobiographical Narrative Inquiry

  2019influential citation
• Five Forms of Shadow Education Practices

  2019cites this paper
• Conceptualizing shadow curriculum: definition, features and the changing landscapes of learning cultures

  2019influential citation
• Shadow Education and Inequality in Lower Secondary Schooling in Cambodia: Understanding the Dynamics of Private Tutoring Participation and Provision

  2019cites this paper
• The visible hand behind study-abroad waves: cram schools, organizational framing and the international mobility of Chinese students

  2019cites this paper
• Why the need for private tuition in mathematics? Investigating shadow education in Brunei Darussalam

  2019cites this paper
• The association between private tutoring and access to grammar schools: Voices of Year 6 pupils and teachers in south‐east England

  2019cites this paper
• Private Schooling and Tutoring at Scale in South Asia

  2019cites this paper
• Teachers as tutors: shadow education market dynamics in Georgia

  2019cites this paper
• Neoliberalising Education: New Geographies of Private Tuition, Class Privilege, and Minority Ethnic Advancement

  2019cites this paper
• Comparative and International Education in Western Europe

  2019cites this paper
• Professionalization and Change: Recognition of Qualifications, Educational Processes and Competencies in Germany

  2019cites this paper
• The Four Motives of Educational Innovators

  2019cites this paper