Abstract The metabolism of NAD has emerged as a key regulator of cellular and organismal homeostasis. Being a major component of both bioenergetic and signaling pathways, the molecule is ideally suited to regulate metabolism and major cellular events. In humans, NAD is synthesized from vitamin B3 precursors, most prominently from nicotinamide, which is the degradation product of all NAD-dependent signaling reactions. The scope of NAD-mediated regulatory processes is wide including enzyme regulation, control of gene expression and health span, DNA repair, cell cycle regulation and calcium signaling. In these processes, nicotinamide is cleaved from NAD+ and the remaining ADP-ribosyl moiety used to modify proteins (deacetylation by sirtuins or ADP-ribosylation) or to generate calcium-mobilizing agents such as cyclic ADP-ribose. This review will also emphasize the role of the intermediates in the NAD metabolome, their intra- and extra-cellular conversions and potential contributions to subcellular compartmentalization of NAD pools.
The human NAD metabolome: Functions, metabolism and compartmentalization
A. Nikiforov,V. Kuliková,M. Ziegler
Published 2015 in Critical reviews in biochemistry and molecular biology
ABSTRACT
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- Publication year
2015
- Venue
Critical reviews in biochemistry and molecular biology
- Publication date
2015-04-02
- Fields of study
Biology, Medicine, Chemistry
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- External record
- Source metadata
Semantic Scholar, PubMed
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