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The Mechanisms of Proliferation and Energy Metabolism in Oral Cancer

M. Fukuda,H. Sakashita

Published 2019 in Prevention, Detection and Management of Oral Cancer

ABSTRACT

Human oral squamous cell carcinoma (HOSCC) is the most common head and neck malignant neoplasm. Therapy is generally performed in multidisciplinary approach that used chemotherapy, radiotherapy, and surgery against patients with oral cancer; however, we cannot avoid dysfunction due to its side effects or surgical defects, and it significantly impacts the postoperative quality of life, unfortunately. Therefore, a bet - ter understanding of the molecular mechanisms driving oral carcinogenesis may lead to new diagnostic and therapeutic approaches to this disease and improve the prognosis of HOSCC patients. Cancer cells process a fundamental change in its bioenergetics metabo lism from normal cells on an altered glucose and lipid metabolism. Recent insights into tumor metabolism have further revealed that oncogenic signaling pathways directly promote metabolic reprogramming to upregulate biosynthesis of lipids, carbohydrates, protein, DNA, and RNA, leading to enhanced growth of tumors. Therefore, targeting cell metabolism has become a novel direction for drug development in oncology. Moreover, molecular mechanisms causing these metabolic changes are just starting to be unraveled. This chapter presents recent findings on molecular markers that have been involved in the mechanisms of proliferation and energy metabolism of oral cancer and in addition provides new perspectives on oral cancer diagnosis and treatments.

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