Virus taxonomy: the database of the International Committee on Taxonomy of Viruses (ICTV)

Abstract The International Committee on Taxonomy of Viruses (ICTV) is charged with the task of developing, refining, and maintaining a universal virus taxonomy. This task encompasses the classification of virus species and higher-level taxa according to the genetic and biological properties of their members; naming virus taxa; maintaining a database detailing the currently approved taxonomy; and providing the database, supporting proposals, and other virus-related information from an open-access, public web site. The ICTV web site (http://ictv.global) provides access to the current taxonomy database in online and downloadable formats, and maintains a complete history of virus taxa back to the first release in 1971. The ICTV has also published the ICTV Report on Virus Taxonomy starting in 1971. This Report provides a comprehensive description of all virus taxa covering virus structure, genome structure, biology and phylogenetics. The ninth ICTV report, published in 2012, is available as an open-access online publication from the ICTV web site. The current, 10th report (http://ictv.global/report/), is being published online, and is replacing the previous hard-copy edition with a completely open access, continuously updated publication. No other database or resource exists that provides such a comprehensive, fully annotated compendium of information on virus taxa and taxonomy.

• Publication year

  2017

• Venue

  Nucleic Acids Res.

• Publication date

  2017-10-13

• Fields of study

  Biology, Medicine, Computer Science

• Identifiers
  DOI 10.1093/nar/gkx932PMID 29040670PMCID 5753373
• External record

  Open on Semantic Scholar

• Source metadata

  Semantic Scholar, PubMed

• No claims are published for this paper.

• No concepts are published for this paper.

• Encyclopedia of VIROLOGY

  2018cited by this paper
• Consensus statement: Virus taxonomy in the age of metagenomics

  2017cited by this paper
• Implementation of Objective PASC-Derived Taxon Demarcation Criteria for Official Classification of Filoviruses

  2017cited by this paper
• A sea change for virology

  2017cited by this paper
• ICTV Virus Taxonomy Profile: Flaviviridae

  2017cited by this paper
• 50 years of the International Committee on Taxonomy of Viruses: progress and prospects

  2017cited by this paper
• Journal of General Virology – Introduction to ‘ICTV Virus Taxonomy Profiles’

  2017cited by this paper
• Redefining the invertebrate RNA virosphere

  2016cited by this paper
• Genomic Analysis of the Emergence, Evolution, and Spread of Human Respiratory RNA Viruses.

  2016cited by this paper
• Metagenomics and the Human Virome in Asymptomatic Individuals.

  2016cited by this paper
• GenBank

  2016cited by this paper
• Origins and evolution of viruses of eukaryotes: The ultimate modularity

  2015cited by this paper
• Methods for virus classification and the challenge of incorporating metagenomic sequence data.

  2015cited by this paper
• Reference sequence (RefSeq) database at NCBI: current status, taxonomic expansion, and functional annotation

  2015cited by this paper
• Tracking the changes in virus taxonomy

  2015cited by this paper
• Classification and Nomenclature of Viruses

  2014cited by this paper
• Genetics-Based Classification of Filoviruses Calls for Expanded Sampling of Genomic Sequences

  2012cited by this paper
• Taxonomy and Classification of Viruses

  2011cited by this paper
• Phylogenetic Analysis Indicates Evolutionary Diversity and Environmental Segregation of Marine Podovirus DNA Polymerase Gene Sequences

  2009cited by this paper
• The International Union of Microbiological Societies, IUMS.

  2008cited by this paper
• Taxonomic distribution of large DNA viruses in the sea

  2008cited by this paper
• Unifying classical and molecular taxonomic classification: analysis of the Podoviridae using BLASTP-based tools.

  2008cited by this paper
• Picornavirales, a proposed order of positive-sense single-stranded RNA viruses with a pseudo-T = 3 virion architecture

  2008cited by this paper
• Viral metagenomics

  2005cited by this paper
• Virus taxonomy : eighth report of the International Committee on Taxonomy of Viruses

  2005cited by this paper
• A universal register for animal names

  2005cited by this paper
• Towards a universal virus database — progress in the ICTVdB

  2005cited by this paper
• Virus taxonomy: classification and nomenclature of viruses. Seventh report of the International Committee on Taxonomy of Viruses.

  2000cited by this paper
• Further progress in ICTVdB, a universal virus database.

  1997cited by this paper
• International code of nomenclature of bacteria, and Statutes of the International Committee on Systematic Bacteriology, and Statutes of the Bacterology and Applied Microbiology Section of the International Union of Microbiological Societies : bacteriological code

  1992cited by this paper
• Statutes of the Bacteriology and Applied Microbiology Division of the International Union of Microbiological Societies

  1992cited by this paper
• International code of zoological nomenclature = Code international de nomenclature zoologique

  1985cited by this paper
• Classification and nomenclature of viruses : first report of the International Committee on Nomenclature of Viruses

  1971cited by this paper
• Expression of animal virus genomes.

  1971cited by this paper
• Virus-classification, nomenclature and the International Committee on Nomenclature of Viruses.

  1967cited by this paper

• Molecular Maneuvers and Host Sabotage: A Comprehensive Review of CSFV’s Multifaceted Strategies to Subvert Immune Defenses and Cellular Metabolism

  2026cites this paper
• A polinton-like virus of the algae Chrysochromulina parva inhibits the growth of a newly isolated relative of Tethysvirus ontarioense

  2026cites this paper
• Reducing haystacks to needles – ViralClust: A Nextflow pipeline to cluster viral sequences

  2026cites this paper
• LazypipeX: Customizable Virome Analysis Pipeline Enabling Fast and Sensitive Virus Discovery from NGS data

  2026cites this paper
• From reads to results: comparing Oxford Nanopore to Illumina sequencing for citrus virus surveillance.

  2026cites this paper
• The pandemic strain of the myrtle rust pathogen, Austropuccinia psidii, hosts multiple mycoviruses.

  2026cites this paper
• The first single-stranded DNA virus targeting Pectobacterium belongs to the family Microviridae and demonstrates a broad host range to Pectobacterium brasiliense soft rot pathogens

  2026cites this paper
• A Polinton-like Virus of C. parva Inhibits the Population Growth of a Newly Isolated Relative of Tethysvirus ontarioense.

  2026cites this paper
• Successful cell culture isolation and experimental pathogenicity evaluation of porcine bocavirus G3

  2026cites this paper
• Warming increases viral diversity and the relative abundance of virulent viruses in deep soils

  2026cites this paper
• Baculoviruses hijack host midgut-derived tachykinin to regulate phototactic climbing behavior and promote viral transmission.

  2026cites this paper
• A fold switch regulates conformation of an alphavirus RNA-dependent RNA polymerase

  2026cites this paper
• Purα is an essential host factor for rice stripe virus accumulation and transmission in the small brown planthopper

  2026cites this paper
• Microbiome analysis of groundwaters in the Slovenian Dinaric Karst, a recognized biodiversity hotspot.

  2026cites this paper
• Virome analysis reveals ORF7 sequences of type 2 porcine respiratory and reproductive syndrome virus (PRRSV) for the first time in a rodent host (Microtus pennsylvanicus)

  2026cites this paper
• Capture sequencing demonstrates promising public health potential for post-COVID wastewater surveillance: a comparative multi-technique and spatiotemporal analysis.

  2026cites this paper
• Metagenomic sequencing discloses the virome composition of mosquitoes and sandflies from Central-Southern Tuscany, Italy

  2026cites this paper
• Enhanced multi-omic viral profiling from microbial community sequencing with BAQLaVa

  2026influential citation
• Detection of Cyvirus cyprinidallo 2 in asymptomatic survival gibel carp, Carassius auratus gibelio after a secondary Aeromonas veronii infection

  2026cites this paper
• A countrywide survey of PRRS indicates widespread seroprevalence in India with age of the pig and zone as significant risk factors

  2025cites this paper
• Genomic characterization of arboviruses discovered between the 1950s and 1980s

  2025influential citation
• Exploratory Temporal and Evolutionary Insights into the Filoviridae Family Through Multiprotein Phylogeny

  2025cites this paper
• Comparative Endosymbiont Community Structures of Nonviruliferous and Rice Stripe Virus-Viruliferous Laodelphax striatellus (Hemiptera: Delphacidae) in Korea

  2025cites this paper
• NCBITaxonomy.jl: rapid biological names finding and reconciliation

  2025cites this paper
• Summary of taxonomy changes ratified by the International Committee on Taxonomy of Viruses (ICTV) – General taxonomy proposals, 2025

  2025cites this paper
• Epidemiology, Clinical Features, and Molecular Basis of TTMV::RARA-driven Acute Promyelocytic Leukemia.

  2025cites this paper
• Genetic Diversity of Equid Herpesvirus 5 in Temporal Samples from Mares and Their Foals at Three Polish National Studs

  2025cites this paper
• Evaluating phage lytic activity: from plaque assays to single-cell technologies

  2025cites this paper
• Insect-Specific Viruses and Their Emerging Role in Plant Disease Mitigation

  2025cites this paper
• Molecular characterization of four novel mycoviruses in entomopathogenic and nematophagous fungi

  2025cites this paper
• Characterization of Human Viral Diversity and Adenovirus Isolates in a Sewage Treatment Plant in Tianjin: Implications for Public Health and Advanced Monitoring

  2025cites this paper
• CRISPR/Cas-based detection systems – emerging tools for plant pathology

  2025cites this paper
• Extensive cross-species transmission of pathogens and antibiotic resistance genes in mammals neglected by public health surveillance.

  2025cites this paper
• Epidemiology, genetic diversity and symptom characterization of rotavirus infection in Saudi Arabia, 1985–2024: a meta-analysis

  2025cites this paper
• Exploring Virus Taxonomy, Nomenclature, and Classification.

  2025cites this paper
• Novel bacteriophage vB_SauH_SPJ2 against methicillin-resistant Staphylococcus aureus: Characterization and potential application in milk safety

  2025cites this paper
• Highly Specific Virus-Host Linkages in Mesothermophilic and Circumneutral Hot Springs Microbial Communities.

  2025cites this paper
• Viruses of parasites: A roadmap toward diagnostic and therapeutic development

  2025cites this paper
• Advancing RNA phage biology through meta-omics

  2025cites this paper
• Canine circovirus: emergence, adaptation, and challenges for animal and public health

  2025cites this paper
• Epidemiological characteristics of 5838 cases of enterovirus infection in children in Hangzhou from 2018 to 2023

  2025cites this paper
• A tombus-like virus in patients with lower respiratory tract infection: an observational study based on meta-transcriptomic sequencing

  2025cites this paper
• Efficacy and Safety of Adding Ribavirin to Sofosbuvir-Based Direct-Acting Antivirals (DAAs) in Re-Treating Non-Genotype 1 Hepatitis C—A Systematic Review and Meta-Analysis

  2025cites this paper
• Molecular Evolution of Influenza A Viruses From Mauritius, 2017–2019

  2025cites this paper
• Lack of serologic evidence of orthoflavivirus infection in dogs with meningoencephalitis of unknown origin and steroid-responsive meningitis-arteritis in the Netherlands

  2025cites this paper
• Dual Nature of Bacteriophages: Friends or Foes in Minimally Processed Food Products—A Comprehensive Review

  2025cites this paper
• Population Genetic Structure of Citrus Tatter Leaf Virus in Zhejiang Province, China

  2025cites this paper
• Structural and Genetic Diversity of Lysis Modules in Bacteriophages Infecting the Genus Streptococcus

  2025cites this paper
• Bidirectional subsethood of shared marker profiles enables accurate virus classification

  2025cites this paper
• Characterization and antimicrobial activity of a novel lytic phage vB_SmaS_QH16 against Stenotrophomonas maltophilia: in vitro, in vivo, and biofilm studies

  2025cites this paper
• Investigation of the Mouse Infection Model for Echovirus 18

  2025cites this paper
• Antibacterial effect of a new phage, MIZ-Pa99, in the treatment of Pseudomonas aeruginosa keratitis in an animal model.

  2025cites this paper
• A biofilm-tropic Pseudomonas aeruginosa bacteriophage uses the exopolysaccharide Psl as receptor

  2025cites this paper
• Diversity and evolutionary analysis of viruses carried by mosquitoes in Shandong, China

  2025cites this paper
• Phages infecting the pathobiont Escherichia coli LF82

  2025cites this paper
• Endogenous Retroviruses in Host-Virus Coevolution: From Genomic Domestication to Functional Innovation

  2025cites this paper
• Orf virus-based vectors induce potent germinal center B cell, Tfh cell, and CD8+ T cell responses

  2025cites this paper
• Connecting the Evolution and Spread of Turkey Reovirus Across the United States: A Genomic Perspective

  2025cites this paper
• The UL24 gene affects duck plague virus replication, and its deletion attenuates virulence, enabling use as a vaccine

  2025cites this paper
• Membrane binding promotes oligomerization and functional activation of viral RNA-dependent RNA polymerase

  2025cites this paper
• A fold switch regulates conformation of an alphavirus virus RNA-dependent RNA polymerase

  2025cites this paper
• Discovery and genome analysis of Yunxiao leafhopper virus 1 in Recilia dorsalis

  2025cites this paper
• Characterization of Tobacco ringspot virus and its nematode vector, Xiphinema rivesi, infecting Highbush Blueberry in Washington State.

  2025cites this paper
• Virus species names have been standardized; virus names remain unchanged

  2025cites this paper
• Investigating the novel Escherichia coli bacteriophage Jgk1 as a potential antimicrobial agent

  2025cites this paper
• VITALdb: to select the best viroinformatics tools for a desired virus or application

  2025cites this paper
• The Genomic Characterization of Equid Alphaherpesviruses: Structure, Function, and Genetic Similarity

  2025cites this paper
• Metagenomic Insights in Antimicrobial Resistance Threats in Sludge from Aerobic and Anaerobic Membrane Bioreactors

  2025cites this paper
• Development of a lytic bacteriophage BPK01 impregnated biopolymer (chitosan) hydrogel for combating high risk clonal strains of carbapenem resistant Klebsiella pneumoniae (CRKP) pathogens- in vitro and in vivo evaluation.

  2025cites this paper
• Design, synthesis and in vitro validation of bivalent binders of SARS-CoV-2 spike protein: Obeticholic, betulinic and glycyrrhetinic acids as building blocks.

  2025cites this paper
• Herbaria as critical resources for studying plant-virus biodiversity and epidemiology.

  2025cites this paper
• Structural and Mechanistic Insights into the Main Protease (Mpro) Dimer Interface Destabilization Inhibitor: Unveiling New Therapeutic Avenues against SARS-CoV-2.

  2025cites this paper
• Genetics and biological characteristics of duck reoviruses isolated from ducks and geese in China

  2025cites this paper
• BEV 2C protein inhibits the NF-κB signalling pathway to promote viral replication by targeting IKBKB and p65

  2025cites this paper
• Estimated size of the total genome and protein space of viruses

  2025cites this paper
• AliMarko: A Pipeline for Virus Identification Using an Expert-Guided Approach

  2025cites this paper
• Hybrid Capture-Based Sequencing Enables Highly Sensitive Zoonotic Virus Detection Within the One Health Framework

  2025cites this paper
• Tomato spotted wilt virus (Orthotospovirus tomatomaculae), a cyclically occurring threat to crop production worldwide

  2025cites this paper
• Discovery of a novel Betacoronavirus 1, cpCoV, in goats in China: The new risk of cross-species transmission

  2025cites this paper
• Enlarging viral mutation estimation: a view from the distribution of mutation rates

  2025cites this paper
• Adenoviruses in Wild Bog Turtles (Glyptemys muhlenbergii) of the Northeastern USA.

  2025cites this paper
• Molecular detection and identification of goose astrovirus in GuangDong Province, China.

  2025cites this paper
• Evolution of enteric viruses in the progression of colorectal cancer via the adenoma-carcinoma sequence pathway

  2025cites this paper
• A blueprint for contemporary studies of microbiomes

  2025cites this paper
• Characterization of the novel cross-genus phage vB_SmaS_QH3 and evaluation of its antibacterial efficacy against Stenotrophomonas maltophilia

  2025cites this paper
• SARS-CoV-2 NSP2 specifically interacts with cellular protein SmgGDS.

  2025cites this paper
• Recent advances in the structure and assembly of non-enveloped spherical viruses.

  2025cites this paper
• Neutralisation Efficacy of Classical Swine Fever C-strain Specific Vaccine Antibody against Genotype 2

  2025cites this paper
• Optimization and Validation of Universal Real-Time RT-PCR Assay to Detect Virulent Newcastle Disease Viruses

  2025cites this paper
• The public health threat of emerging phenuiviruses

  2025cites this paper
• Efficacy of Erwinia amylovora and Xanthomonas campestris pv campestris phages to control fire blight and black rot in vivo

  2025cites this paper
• Molecular characterization of a novel mitovirus from the edible fungus Pleurotus pulmonarius

  2025cites this paper
• Naturally transmitted mouse viruses highlight the heterogeneity of virus transmission dynamics in the dirty mouse model

  2025cites this paper
• First full-genome alignment representative for the genus Pestivirus

  2025cites this paper
• Strategies for plant-virus disease management from gene editing to nanotechnology

  2025cites this paper
• Bacteriophage-based strategies for biocontrol and treatment of infectious diseases

  2025cites this paper
• Negativeome characterization and decontamination in early-life virome studies

  2025cites this paper
• Feline infectious peritonitis epizootic caused by a recombinant coronavirus

  2025cites this paper
• Isolation and phylogenetic analysis of swinepox virus from pigs in China

  2025cites this paper
• Potential of a phage cocktail in the treatment of multidrug-resistant Klebsiella pneumoniae pulmonary infection in mice

  2025cites this paper