Behavioural and electrophysiological modulations induced by transcranial direct current stimulation in healthy elderly and Alzheimer's disease patients: A pilot study.

OBJECTIVE To investigate whether anodal and cathodal transcranial direct current stimulation (tDCS) can modify cognitive performance and neural activity in healthy elderly and Alzheimer's disease (AD) patients. METHODS Fourteen healthy elderly and twelve AD patients performed a working memory task during an electroencephalogram recording before and after receiving anodal, cathodal, and sham tDCS over the left dorsolateral prefrontal cortex. Behavioural performance, event-related potentials (P200, P300) and evoked cortical oscillations were studied as correlates of working memory. RESULTS Anodal tDCS increased P200 and P300 amplitudes in healthy elderly. Cathodal tDCS increased P200 amplitude and frontal theta activity between 150 and 300 ms in AD patients. Improved working memory after anodal tDCS correlated with increased P300 in healthy elderly. In AD patients, slight tendencies between enhanced working memory and increased P200 after cathodal tDCS were observed. CONCLUSIONS Functional neural modulations were promoted by anodal tDCS in healthy elderly and by cathodal tDCS in AD patients. SIGNIFICANCE Interaction between tDCS polarity and the neural state (e.g., hyper-excitability exhibited by AD patients) suggests that appropriate tDCS parameters (in terms of tDCS polarity) to induce behavioural improvements should be chosen based on the participant's characteristics. Future studies using higher sample sizes should confirm and extend the present findings.

• Publication year

  2019

• Venue

  Clinical Neurophysiology

• Publication date

  2019-08-26

• Fields of study

  Medicine

• Identifiers
  DOI 10.1016/j.clinph.2019.08.016PMID 31541981
• External record

  Open on Semantic Scholar

• Source metadata

  Semantic Scholar, PubMed

• No claims are published for this paper.

• No concepts are published for this paper.

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