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Homeostatic, reward and executive brain functions after gastric bypass surgery.

M. Hankir,S. Al-Bas,Michael Rullmann,R. Chakaroun,F. Seyfried,B. Pleger

Published 2020 in Appetite

ABSTRACT

Obesity in part arises from the regular overconsumption of palatable, energy-dense foods. This maladaptive eating behavior is multifaceted and has its origins in molecular and cellular aberrations in the gut and brain. Mounting evidence from human and rodent studies suggests that Roux-en-Y gastric bypass (RYGB) surgery potently curtails the intake of palatable, energy-dense foods by modifying gut-brain communication thereby contributing to marked and enduring reductions in body weight. In this Review, we discuss how the changes in gut hormones, gut nutrient sensing and gut microbiota brought about by RYGB positively regulate homeostatic, reward and executive brain functions. We further speculate on how this uniquely promotes a negative whole-body energy balance in the face of plenty. Future studies will more completely characterize the role of modified gut-brain communication in the improved brain function and eating behavior following RYGB, possibly facilitating the development of more effective, non-surgical weight loss treatments.

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