Effects of Online Repetitive Transcranial Magnetic Stimulation (rTMS) on Cognitive Processing: A Meta-Analysis and Recommendations for Future Studies.

Online repetitive transcranial magnetic stimulation (rTMS), applied while subjects are performing a task, is widely used to disrupt brain regions underlying cognition. However, online rTMS has also induced "paradoxical enhancement". Given the rapid proliferation of this approach, it is crucial to develop a better understanding of how online stimulation influences cognition, and the optimal parameters to achieve desired effects. To accomplish this goal, a quantitative meta-analysis was performed with random-effects models fitted to reaction time (RT) and accuracy data. The final dataset included 126 studies published between 1998 and 2016, with 244 total effects for reaction times, and 202 for accuracy. Meta-analytically, rTMS at 10Hz and 20Hz disrupted accuracy for attention, executive, language, memory, motor, and perception domains, while no effects were found with 1Hz or 5Hz. Stimulation applied at and 10 and 20Hz slowed down RTs in attention and perception tasks. No performance enhancement was found. Meta-regression analysis showed that fMRI-guided targeting and short inter-trial intervals are associated with increased disruptive effects with rTMS.

• Publication year

  2019

• Venue

  Neuroscience and Biobehavioral Reviews

• Publication date

  2019-12-01

• Fields of study

  Medicine, Psychology

• Identifiers
  DOI 10.1016/j.neubiorev.2019.08.018PMID 31473301PMCID PMC7654714
• External record

  Open on Semantic Scholar

• Source metadata

  Semantic Scholar, PubMed

• No claims are published for this paper.

• No concepts are published for this paper.

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