Inflammasomes: Threat-Assessment Organelles of the Innate Immune System.

Inflammasomes are supramolecular organizing centers that operate to drive interleukin-1 (IL-1)-dependent inflammation. Depending on context, inflammatory caspases act upstream or downstream of inflammasome assembly, serving as the principal enzymes that control activities of these organelles. In this review, we discuss mechanisms of inflammasome assembly and signaling. We posit that upstream regulatory proteins, classically known as pattern-recognition receptors, operate to assess infectious and non-infectious threats to the host. Threat assessment is achieved through two general strategies: (1) direct binding of receptors to microbial or host-derived ligands or (2) indirect detection of changes in cellular homeostasis. Upon activation, these upstream regulatory factors seed the assembly of inflammasomes, leading to IL-1 family cytokine release from living (hyperactive) or dead (pyroptotic) cells. The molecular and physiological consequences of these distinct cell fate decisions are discussed.

• Publication year

  2019

• Venue

  Immunity

• Publication date

  2019-10-01

• Fields of study

  Biology, Medicine

• Identifiers
  DOI 10.1016/j.immuni.2019.08.005PMID 31473100PMCID PMC6801093
• External record

  Open on Semantic Scholar

• Source metadata

  Semantic Scholar, PubMed

• No claims are published for this paper.

• No concepts are published for this paper.

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