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A Global Overview of Future Energy

C. Breyer

Published 2020 in Unknown venue

ABSTRACT

Abstract This overview on the future global energy system is based on the fundamental requirements of the Paris Agreement, the Sustainable Development Goals of United Nations, and the concept of sustainability guardrails. Scenarios of major international institutions are presented and compared to the introduced constraints concluding that higher levels of ambitions are required. The scientific field of 100% renewable energy system research has strongly developed in the 2010s so that the advantage of entirely renewable energy systems can be shown, in a global-local resolution. The major technologies for the future energy system are identified and main remaining research gaps are listed so that the existing energy transition pathways can be further improved. The combination of integrated assessment models and energy system models are expected to be valuable for a new level of insights in the 2020s. Research on pathways toward 350 ppm CO2 atmospheric concentration, equal to 1.0°C temperature increase above the preindustrial age, may stimulate discussion toward a real rebalancing with sustainability limits of our planet Earth in the 2020s.

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