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Nanosensors for better diagnosis of health

J. Jeevanandam,M. Danquah

Published 2020 in Unknown venue

ABSTRACT

Abstract Diagnosis is the first stage of initiating disease treatment, and proper clinical diagnosis always helps in reducing the complications of diseases, either in the initial or final stages. Human body fluids and blood, containing biomolecules, antigens, enzymes, and proteins, may possess unique characteristics for disease diagnosis. A number of biosensors can be used to detect compositional and structural deficiencies in human secretions to detect diseases. Conventional biosensors utilize materials that are larger in size and can be used only for in vitro detection. These biosensors have low precision and take a longer time to generate results. The emergence of bionanomaterials shows promise in rapid sensing of biomolecules for in situ detection of diseases, due to their smaller size, larger surface area, intact stability, and enhanced biocompatibility. Thus the aim of this chapter is to give an account of advancements in nanomaterials fabrication with enhanced biosensing properties and distinct classifications. In addition, nanobiosensors used to diagnose specific diseases are discussed, along with their challenges and future research directions.

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