A Magnetically Guided Self‐Rolled Microrobot for Targeted Drug Delivery, Real‐Time X‐Ray Imaging, and Microrobot Retrieval

Targeted drug delivery using a microrobot is a promising technique capable of overcoming the limitations of conventional chemotherapy that relies on body circulation. However, most studies of microrobots used for drug delivery have only demonstrated simple mobility rather than precise targeting methods and prove the possibility of biodegradation of implanted microrobots after drug delivery. In this study, magnetically guided self‐rolled microrobot that enables autonomous navigation‐based targeted drug delivery, real‐time X‐ray imaging, and microrobot retrieval is proposed. The microrobot, composed of a self‐rolled body that is printed using focused light and a surface with magnetic nanoparticles attached, demonstrates the loading of doxorubicin and an X‐ray contrast agent for cancer therapy and X‐ray imaging. The microrobot is precisely mobilized to the lesion site through automated targeting using magnetic field control of an electromagnetic actuation system under real‐time X‐ray imaging. The photothermal effect using near‐infrared light reveals rapid drug release of the microrobot located at the lesion site. After drug delivery, the microrobot is recovered without potential toxicity by implantation or degradation using a magnetic‐field‐switchable coiled catheter. This microrobotic approach using automated control method of the therapeutic agents‐loaded microrobot has potential use in precise localized drug delivery systems.

• Publication year

  2021

• Venue

  Advanced Healthcare Materials

• Publication date

  2021-01-27

• Fields of study

  Medicine, Engineering

• Identifiers
  DOI 10.1002/adhm.202001681PMID 33506630
• External record

  Open on Semantic Scholar

• Source metadata

  Semantic Scholar, PubMed

• No claims are published for this paper.

• No concepts are published for this paper.

• Bilayer Hydrogel Sheet‐Type Intraocular Microrobot for Drug Delivery and Magnetic Nanoparticles Retrieval

  2020cited by this paper
• Magnetic Micromotors for Multiple Motile Sperm Cells Capture, Transport, and Enzymatic Release

  2020cited by this paper
• Acoustically Mediated Controlled Drug Release and Targeted Therapy with Degradable 3D Porous Magnetic Microrobots

  2020cited by this paper
• Macrophage-Mediated Delivery of Multifunctional Nanotherapeutics for Synergistic Chemo-photothermal Therapy of Solid Tumors.

  2020cited by this paper
• Human adipose–derived mesenchymal stem cell–based medical microrobot system for knee cartilage regeneration in vivo

  2020cited by this paper
• Development of Magnet-Driven and Image-Guided Degradable Microrobots for the Precise Delivery of Engineered Stem Cells for Cancer Therapy.

  2020cited by this paper
• Magnetic Resonance Guided Navigation of Untethered Microgrippers

  2020cited by this paper
• 3D-Printed Biodegradable Microswimmer for Theranostic Cargo Delivery and Release

  2019cited by this paper
• X-ray-Powered Micromotors.

  2019cited by this paper
• Multifunctional and biodegradable self-propelled protein motors

  2019cited by this paper
• Magnetically actuated microrobots as a platform for stem cell transplantation

  2019cited by this paper
• Matryoshka-Inspired Micro-Origami Capsules to Enhance Loading, Encapsulation, and Transport of Drugs

  2019cited by this paper
• Multifunctional Nanorobot System for Active Therapeutic Delivery and Synergistic Chemo-photothermal Therapy.

  2019cited by this paper
• Light-Triggered Drug Release from 3D-Printed Magnetic Chitosan Microswimmers.

  2018cited by this paper
• Iron Oxide Nanoparticles in Photothermal Therapy

  2018cited by this paper
• Medical Imaging for the Tracking of Micromotors.

  2018cited by this paper
• Polydopamine Surface Chemistry: A Decade of Discovery.

  2018cited by this paper
• A review on chemical composition, mechanical properties, and manufacturing work flow of additively manufactured current polymers for interim dental restorations

  2018cited by this paper
• An Intravascular Magnetic Catheter Enables the Retrieval of Nanoagents from the Bloodstream

  2018cited by this paper
• Development of a magnetic microrobot for carrying and delivering targeted cells

  2018cited by this paper
• Multifunctional biohybrid magnetite microrobots for imaging-guided therapy

  2017cited by this paper
• Micro/nanorobots for biomedicine: Delivery, surgery, sensing, and detoxification

  2017cited by this paper
• A Magnetically Actuated Microscaffold Containing Mesenchymal Stem Cells for Articular Cartilage Repair

  2017cited by this paper
• Magneto-aerotactic bacteria deliver drug-containing nanoliposomes to tumour hypoxic regions

  2016cited by this paper
• Hybrid-Actuating Macrophage-Based Microrobots for Active Cancer Therapy

  2016cited by this paper
• Shape-switching microrobots for medical applications: the influence of shape in drug delivery and locomotion.

  2015cited by this paper
• Magnetic nanoparticle clusters for photothermal therapy with near-infrared irradiation.

  2015cited by this paper
• Magneto-Acoustic Hybrid Nanomotor.

  2015cited by this paper
• Biomedical Applications of Untethered Mobile Milli/Microrobots

  2015cited by this paper
• Gold Nanorod Rotary Motors Driven by Resonant Light Scattering.

  2015cited by this paper
• Self-Folding Thermo-Magnetically Responsive Soft Microgrippers

  2015cited by this paper
• Stimuli-responsive theragrippers for chemomechanical controlled release.

  2014cited by this paper
• Cancer nanotechnology: the impact of passive and active targeting in the era of modern cancer biology.

  2014cited by this paper
• Acidic tumor microenvironment and pH-sensing G protein-coupled receptors

  2013cited by this paper
• Use of Lipiodol as a drug-delivery system for transcatheter arterial chemoembolization of hepatocellular carcinoma: a review.

  2013cited by this paper
• Mobility experiments with microrobots for minimally invasive intraocular surgery.

  2013cited by this paper
• Bio-inspired magnetic swimming microrobots for biomedical applications.

  2013cited by this paper
• Toward in vivo detection of hydrogen peroxide with ultrasound molecular imaging.

  2013cited by this paper
• Iron oxide @ polypyrrole nanoparticles as a multifunctional drug carrier for remotely controlled cancer therapy with synergistic antitumor effect.

  2013cited by this paper
• Bacterial isolation by lectin-modified microengines.

  2012cited by this paper
• Understanding and controlling the interaction of nanomaterials with proteins in a physiological environment.

  2012cited by this paper
• A multifunctional envelope type nano device (MEND) for gene delivery to tumours based on the EPR effect: a strategy for overcoming the PEG dilemma.

  2011cited by this paper
• Superparamagnetic iron oxide nanoparticles (SPIONs): development, surface modification and applications in chemotherapy.

  2011cited by this paper
• Microrobots for minimally invasive medicine.

  2010cited by this paper
• Potential toxicity of superparamagnetic iron oxide nanoparticles (SPION)

  2010cited by this paper
• Effect of acidic pH on PLGA microsphere degradation and release.

  2007cited by this paper
• Nanocarriers as an emerging platform for cancer therapy.

  2007cited by this paper
• Drug Delivery Systems: Entering the Mainstream

  2004cited by this paper

• Materials and System Design for Self‐Decision Bioelectronic Systems

  2026cites this paper
• MicroPush: A Simulator and Benchmark for Contact-Rich Cell Pushing and Assembly with a Magnetic Rolling Microrobot

  2026cites this paper
• Voxel-programmed single-layer hydrogels for multifunctional self-folding microrobots

  2026cites this paper
• Magnetically Guided Microrobots for Targeted Drug Delivery.

  2026cites this paper
• Magnetically-guided, stimuli-responsive microdevices for endovascular therapy

  2026cites this paper
• Micro- and nanorobots for intelligent bone tissue engineering

  2026cites this paper
• Gaussian Distribution-Based Dynamic Optimization for Capsule Robot Pose Estimation in Ultrasound Images

  2026cites this paper
• Simulation of controlled motion of a spherical magnetically active object in an elastic channel

  2026cites this paper
• Microrobots for pulmonary drug delivery

  2026cites this paper
• Enhancing Microrobot Swarm Stability and Adaptation by Autonomous Field‐of‐View Planning

  2025cites this paper
• Processing–Structure–Property–Performance Relationships of Polymer Composites for Untethered Magnetic Robotics

  2025cites this paper
• From individual modalities to multi-physical synergy: Implantable electronic, photonic, magnetic platforms for the treatment of internal organ diseases

  2025cites this paper
• Studying the Controlled Motion of a Magnetically Active Object in a Viscous Medium

  2025cites this paper
• Thermally Actuated Soft Robotics

  2025cites this paper
• Smart micro/nanorobots for drug delivery in the brain

  2025cites this paper
• Synergistic integration of materials in medical microrobots for advanced imaging and actuation

  2025cites this paper
• Material selection, preparation, driving and applications of light-driven micro/nano motors: a review.

  2025cites this paper
• Stochastic Dynamic Analysis of a Three-Tailed Helical Microrobot in Confined Spaces

  2025cites this paper
• Bio‐Integrated Microrobots: Fabrication, Actuation and Biomedical Applications

  2025cites this paper
• Asymmetric Laser Enabled High-Throughput Manufacturing of Multiform Magnetically Actuated Graphene-Based Robots for Various Water Depths.

  2025cites this paper
• Programmable control of soft magnetic helical microrobot from microfluidics

  2025cites this paper
• Magnetic Micro/nanorobots in Cancer Theranostics: From Designed Fabrication to Diverse Applications.

  2025cites this paper
• Advances in micro-/nanorobots for cancer diagnosis and treatment: propulsion mechanisms, early detection, and cancer therapy

  2025cites this paper
• Design and In-Vivo Validation of Clinically Wireless Localization System for Magnetic Robots: A Reconfigurable Sensor Array Approach

  2025cites this paper
• Non-FFP-Based Magnetic Particle Imaging (NFMPI) with an Open-Type RF Coil System: A Feasibility Study

  2025cites this paper
• From theory to application: Exploring the motion dynamics of microrobots

  2025cites this paper
• Automated Motion Control of a Microparticle Swarm in Liquids by a Single-Solenoid Electromagnetic Manipulation System

  2025cites this paper
• Autonomous Navigation of Soft Rolling Microrobots Under a Helmholtz Coil System Across Fields of View Using Image Stitching

  2025cites this paper
• Magnetic Microrobots for Drug Delivery: A Review of Fabrication Materials, Structure Designs and Drug Delivery Strategies

  2025cites this paper
• Secure Angle-Based Geometric Elimination (SAGE) for Microrobot Path Planning

  2025cites this paper
• Recent advances in stimuli-responsive microrobots for biomedical applications

  2025cites this paper
• Development of a miniature piezoelectric robot combining large-load and high-speed

  2025cites this paper
• Magnetic sheet-shaped hydrogel robots with multiple motion modes and assembly behavior.

  2025cites this paper
• Recent advances in engineering nano/microrobots for tumor treatment

  2025cites this paper
• Magnetic robotization in clinic medicine: a review

  2025cites this paper
• [Synthesis of a temperature-responsive multimodal motion microrobot capable of precise navigation for targeted controllable drug release].

  2025cites this paper
• Design and Motion Characteristics of a Ray-Inspired Micro-Robot Made of Magnetic Film

  2024cites this paper
• Magnetic covalent organic framework-based nanoadjuvant for multi-amplify sonodynamic antitumor therapy effect

  2024cites this paper
• Nature-inspired miniaturized magnetic soft robotic swimmers

  2024cites this paper
• Magnetically induced asymmetry and fuel-propulsion of lipid vesicles containing Fe3O4 micromotors

  2024cites this paper
• Magnetic Microrobots for In Vivo Cargo Delivery: A Review

  2024cites this paper
• Lightweight and drift-free magnetically actuated millirobots via asymmetric laser-induced graphene

  2024cites this paper
• Harnessing stimuli‐responsive biomaterials for advanced biomedical applications

  2024cites this paper
• Study on Structural Design and Motion Characteristics of Magnetic Helical Soft Microrobots with Drug-Carrying Function

  2024cites this paper
• Advanced Design of Soft Robots with Artificial Intelligence

  2024cites this paper
• Propulsion mechanisms of micro/nanorobots: a review.

  2024cites this paper
• Neurological insights into brain-targeted cancer therapy and bioinspired microrobots.

  2024cites this paper
• Review of the Applications of Micro/Nanorobots in Biomedicine

  2024cites this paper
• Light-Driven Microrobots for Targeted Drug Delivery.

  2024cites this paper
• Magnetically actuated cisplatin-loaded nanoparticle collectives enhance drug penetration for potentiated ovarian cancer chemotherapy.

  2024cites this paper
• Designing a magnetic micro-robot for transporting stiff filamentous microcargo

  2024cites this paper
• Learning automatic navigation control skills for miniature helical robots from human demonstrations

  2024cites this paper
• A Study of the Magnetically Active Objects Motion in a Closed Channel Under the Influence of Magnetic Force

  2024cites this paper
• An explainable deep learning model for automated classification and localization of microrobots by functionality using ultrasound images

  2024cites this paper
• Stimuli-responsive actuators in water environment: a review and future research agenda

  2024cites this paper
• Localization and Angle Estimation of Capsule Robots in Ultrasound Images Using Spatially Adaptive Gaussian Distribution

  2024cites this paper
• Size and Illumination Matters: Local Magnetic Actuation and Fluorescence Imaging for Microrobotics

  2024cites this paper
• Navigation of Visually Guided Miniature Magnetic Microrobot: Optimization of Path Planning and Realtime Feedback Mechanisms

  2024cites this paper
• External Power-Driven Micro/Nanorobots: Design, Fabrication, and Functionalization for Tumor Diagnosis and Therapy

  2023cites this paper
• System integration of magnetic medical microrobots: from design to control

  2023cites this paper
• Acoustic Trapping and Manipulation of Hollow Microparticles under Fluid Flow Using a Single-Lens Focused Ultrasound Transducer

  2023cites this paper
• A glutathione-responsive PEGylated nanogel with doxorubicin-conjugation for cancer therapy.

  2023cites this paper
• Rolling Helical Microrobots for Cell Patterning

  2023cites this paper
• Doxorubicin‐Loaded Microrobots for Targeted Drug Delivery and Anticancer Therapy

  2023cites this paper
• Biodegradable Microrobots and Their Biomedical Applications: A Review

  2023cites this paper
• Preparation, Stimulus–Response Mechanisms and Applications of Micro/Nanorobots

  2023cites this paper
• Upstream mobility and swarming of light activated micromotors

  2023cites this paper
• In vivo applications of micro/nanorobots.

  2023cites this paper
• Magnetic Actuation Systems and Magnetic Robots for Gastrointestinal Examination and Treatment

  2023cites this paper
• Closed‐Loop Control Characterization of Untethered Small‐Scale Helical Device in Physiological Fluid with Dynamic Flow Rates

  2023cites this paper
• Designing a Magnetic Micro-Robot for Transporting Filamentous Microcargo

  2023cites this paper
• Plasma‐Derived Nanoclusters for Site‐Specific Multimodality Photo/Magnetic Thrombus Theranostics

  2023cites this paper
• Advances of nanomedicine in treatment of atherosclerosis and thrombosis.

  2023cites this paper
• Soft actuators in surgical robotics: a state-of-the-art review

  2023cites this paper
• Stimuli-Responsive Functional Micro-/Nanorobots: A Review.

  2023cites this paper
• Biohybrid Magnetic Microrobots: An Intriguing and Promising Platform in Biomedicine.

  2023cites this paper
• Four-Dimensional-Printed Microrobots and Their Applications: A Review

  2023cites this paper
• A Review of Soft Microrobots: Material, Fabrication, and Actuation

  2023cites this paper
• Micro(bio)robotics: design and applications

  2023cites this paper
• Exploration of Miniature Flexible Devices Empowered by Van Der Waals Material

  2023cites this paper
• A Composite Electro-Permanent Magnetic Actuator for Microrobot Manipulation

  2022cites this paper
• Magnetically Controllable Microrobots for Targeted Cell Delivery

  2022cites this paper
• Multimodal Bubble Microrobot Near an Air-Water Interface.

  2022cites this paper
• Shape-Tunable UV-Printed Solid Drugs for Personalized Medicine

  2022cites this paper
• Solid-Liquid State Transformable Magnetorheological Millirobot.

  2022cites this paper
• Single Coil Mechano‐Electromagnetic System for the Automatic 1‐Axis Position Feedback 3D Locomotion Control of Magnetic Robots and Their Selective Manipulation

  2022cites this paper
• Magnetically controlled reversible shape-morphing microrobots with real-time X-ray imaging for stomach cancer applications.

  2022cites this paper
• Microrobotics for Precision Biofilm Diagnostics and Treatment

  2022cites this paper
• Delivery and actuation of aerosolized microbots

  2022cites this paper
• Magnetic Mobile Microrobots for Upstream and Downstream Navigation in Biofluids with Variable Flow Rate

  2022cites this paper
• A Tissue Adhesion‐Controllable and Biocompatible Small‐Scale Hydrogel Adhesive Robot

  2022cites this paper
• Magnetic Miniature Actuators with Six‐Degrees‐of‐Freedom Multimodal Soft‐Bodied Locomotion

  2022cites this paper
• A Flexible Catheter System for Ultrasound-Guided Magnetic Projectile Delivery

  2022cites this paper
• Design, Fabrication, and Wireless Control of 3D-microprinted Robots for Biomedical Applications

  2022cites this paper
• Assembly of Fillable Microrobotic Systems by Microfluidic Loading with Dip Sealing

  2022cites this paper
• Magnetic Micro/nanorobots for biological detection and targeted delivery.

  2022cites this paper
• Microrobot with Gyroid Surface and Gold Nanostar for High Drug Loading and Near-Infrared-Triggered Chemo-Photothermal Therapy

  2022cites this paper
• Multimodal collective swimming of magnetically articulated modular nanocomposite robots

  2022cites this paper
• A Magnetically-controlled 3D-printed Helical Microrobot for Application in Photothermal Treatment of Cancer Cells

  2022cites this paper
• Actuators for Implantable Devices: A Broad View

  2022cites this paper