Endocrine disruptors of sex hormone activities.

Sex hormones, such as androgens, estrogens and progestins are naturally occurring compounds that tightly regulate endocrine systems in a variety of living organisms. Uncontrolled environmental exposure to these hormones or their biological and synthetic mimetics has been widely documented. Furthermore, water contaminants penetrate soil to affect flora, fauna and ultimately humans. Because endocrine systems evolved to respond to very small changes in hormone levels, the low levels found in the environment cannot be ignored. The combined actions of sex hormones with glucocorticoids and other nuclear receptors disruptors creates additional level of complexity including the newly described "dynamic assisted loading" mechanism. We reviewed the extensive literature pertaining to world-wide detection of these disruptors and created a detailed Table on the development and current status of methods used for their analysis.

• Publication year

  2021

• Venue

  Molecular and Cellular Endocrinology

• Publication date

  2021-07-01

• Fields of study

  Medicine, Chemistry, Environmental Science

• Identifiers
  DOI 10.1016/j.mce.2021.111415PMID 34339825PMCID PMC8762672
• External record

  Open on Semantic Scholar

• Source metadata

  Semantic Scholar, PubMed

• No claims are published for this paper.

• No concepts are published for this paper.

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