Therapeutic peptides: current applications and future directions

Peptide drug development has made great progress in the last decade thanks to new production, modification, and analytic technologies. Peptides have been produced and modified using both chemical and biological methods, together with novel design and delivery strategies, which have helped to overcome the inherent drawbacks of peptides and have allowed the continued advancement of this field. A wide variety of natural and modified peptides have been obtained and studied, covering multiple therapeutic areas. This review summarizes the efforts and achievements in peptide drug discovery, production, and modification, and their current applications. We also discuss the value and challenges associated with future developments in therapeutic peptides.

• Publication year

  2022

• Venue

  Signal Transduction and Targeted Therapy

• Publication date

  2022-02-14

• Fields of study

  Medicine, Chemistry

• Identifiers
  DOI 10.1038/s41392-022-00904-4PMID 35165272PMCID 8844085
• External record

  Open on Semantic Scholar

• Source metadata

  Semantic Scholar, PubMed

• No claims are published for this paper.

• No concepts are published for this paper.

• Safety and Efficacy of Single-Dose Ad26.COV2.S Vaccine against Covid-19

  2021cited by this paper
• Immunoinformatics Approach for the Identification and Characterization of T Cell and B Cell Epitopes towards the Peptide-Based Vaccine against SARS-CoV-2

  2021cited by this paper
• Synthesis and immunological evaluation of synthetic peptide based anti-SARS-CoV-2 vaccine candidates.

  2021cited by this paper
• Chemogenetic and optogenetic control of post-translational modifications through genetic code expansion.

  2021cited by this paper
• Antimicrobial peptides: mechanism of action, activity and clinical potential

  2021cited by this paper
• Trends in peptide drug discovery

  2021cited by this paper
• Inactivated COVID-19 vaccine BBV152/COVAXIN effectively neutralizes recently emerged B 1.1.7 variant of SARS-CoV-2

  2021cited by this paper
• The natriuretic peptide system in heart failure: Diagnostic and therapeutic implications.

  2021cited by this paper
• Safety and immunogenicity of an inactivated COVID-19 vaccine, BBIBP-CorV, in people younger than 18 years: a randomised, double-blind, controlled, phase 1/2 trial

  2021cited by this paper
• Design and in-silico screening of Peptide Nucleic Acid (PNA) inspired novel pronucleotide scaffolds targeting COVID-19.

  2020cited by this paper
• Epitope-based peptide vaccines predicted against novel coronavirus disease caused by SARS-CoV-2

  2020cited by this paper
• Don’t rush to deploy COVID-19 vaccines and drugs without sufficient safety guarantees

  2020cited by this paper
• Covalent inhibitors: a rational approach to drug discovery

  2020cited by this paper
• Oral Semaglutide: A Review of the First Oral Glucagon-Like Peptide 1 Receptor Agonist

  2020cited by this paper
• Efficacy and Safety of the mRNA-1273 SARS-CoV-2 Vaccine

  2020cited by this paper
• Functional genetic encoding of sulfotyrosine in mammalian cells

  2020cited by this paper
• Strategies for recombinant production of antimicrobial peptides with pharmacological potential

  2020cited by this paper
• Monoclonal antibodies, small molecule inhibitors and antibody-drug conjugates as HER2 inhibitors.

  2020cited by this paper
• Protein- and Peptide-Based Virus Inactivators: Inactivating Viruses Before Their Entry Into Cells

  2020cited by this paper
• India expands use of controversial drug for coronavirus despite safety concerns

  2020cited by this paper
• Design of a peptide-based subunit vaccine against novel coronavirus SARS-CoV-2

  2020cited by this paper
• Antiviral Peptides: Identification and Validation

  2020cited by this paper
• The proximal origin of SARS-CoV-2

  2020cited by this paper
• Modern Peptide and Protein Chemistry: Reaching New Heights.

  2020cited by this paper
• A pneumonia outbreak associated with a new coronavirus of probable bat origin

  2020cited by this paper
• An insight into the epitope-based peptide vaccine design strategy and studies against COVID-19

  2020cited by this paper
• Effect of setmelanotide, a melanocortin‐4 receptor agonist, on obesity in Bardet‐Biedl syndrome

  2020cited by this paper
• Clinical Applications of Antimicrobial Peptides (AMPs): where do we stand now?

  2020cited by this paper
• Head-to-Tail Cyclization after Interaction with Trypsin: A Scorpion Venom Peptide that Resembles Plant Cyclotides.

  2020cited by this paper
• Semisynthesis of an evasin from tick saliva reveals a critical role of tyrosine sulfation for chemokine binding and inhibition

  2020cited by this paper
• An effective CTL peptide vaccine for Ebola Zaire Based on Survivors’ CD8+ targeting of a particular nucleocapsid protein epitope with potential implications for COVID-19 vaccine design

  2020cited by this paper
• Multicomponent Peptide Stapling as a Diversity-Driven Tool for the Development of Inhibitors of Protein-Protein Interactions.

  2020cited by this paper
• Safety and Efficacy of the BNT162b2 mRNA Covid-19 Vaccine

  2020cited by this paper
• Covalent peptides and proteins for therapeutics.

  2020cited by this paper
• The Novel Coronavirus Originating in Wuhan, China: Challenges for Global Health Governance.

  2020cited by this paper
• Design of an epitope-based peptide vaccine against the SARS-CoV-2: a vaccine-informatics approach

  2020cited by this paper
• Toward COVID-19 Therapeutics: A Viewpoint from the Nonprotein Amino Acid Based Synthetic Peptide Design Approach.

  2020cited by this paper
• Expanding the enzyme universe with genetically encoded unnatural amino acids

  2020cited by this paper
• Author Correction: A new coronavirus associated with human respiratory disease in China

  2020cited by this paper
• Development of epitope‐based peptide vaccine against novel coronavirus 2019 (SARS‐COV‐2): Immunoinformatics approach

  2020cited by this paper
• Side-Chain Modification of Peptides Using a Phosphoranylidene Amino Acid.

  2020cited by this paper
• Coronavirus breakthrough: dexamethasone is first drug shown to save lives

  2020cited by this paper
• Developing Covalent Protein Drugs via Proximity-Enabled Reactive Therapeutics.

  2020cited by this paper
• Diversity of Linear Non-Ribosomal Peptide in Biocontrol Fungi

  2020cited by this paper
• Semi-synthesis of a Bacterium with Non-Canonical Cell Wall Crosslinks.

  2020cited by this paper
• Recent advances in understanding the role of glucagon-like peptide 1

  2020cited by this paper
• Genetic‐Code‐Expansion Strategies for Vaccine Development

  2020cited by this paper
• Genetically encoded protein sulfation in mammalian cells

  2020cited by this paper
• Ga-68 DOTA-peptides and F-18 FDG PET/CT in patients with neuroendocrine tumor: A review.

  2020cited by this paper
• Efficacy and safety of nerinetide for the treatment of acute ischaemic stroke (ESCAPE-NA1): a multicentre, double-blind, randomised controlled trial.

  2020cited by this paper
• Determine the Potential Epitope Based Peptide Vaccine Against Novel SARS-CoV-2 Targeting Structural Proteins Using Immunoinformatics Approaches

  2020cited by this paper
• GLP-2 Prevents Neuronal and Glial Changes in the Distal Colon of Mice Chronically Treated with Cisplatin

  2020cited by this paper
• Development of multi-epitope peptide-based vaccines against SARS-CoV-2

  2020cited by this paper
• Genomic characterisation and epidemiology of 2019 novel coronavirus: implications for virus origins and receptor binding

  2020cited by this paper
• Increasing the chemical space of proteins in living cells via genetic code expansion.

  2020cited by this paper
• Systematic Review of Glucagon Like Peptide One Receptor Agonist liraglutide for Subjects with Heart Failure with Reduced Left Ventricular Ejection Fraction.

  2020cited by this paper
• Evolutionary artificial intelligence based peptide discoveries for effective Covid-19 therapeutics

  2020cited by this paper
• Safety and efficacy of the ChAdOx1 nCoV-19 vaccine (AZD1222) against SARS-CoV-2: an interim analysis of four randomised controlled trials in Brazil, South Africa, and the UK

  2020cited by this paper
• Inhibition of SARS-CoV-2 (previously 2019-nCoV) infection by a highly potent pan-coronavirus fusion inhibitor targeting its spike protein that harbors a high capacity to mediate membrane fusion

  2020cited by this paper
• SARS-CoV-2-derived peptides define heterologous and COVID-19-induced T cell recognition

  2020cited by this paper
• GLP-2 cures the gut – What about the liver?

  2019cited by this paper
• Review of glucagon‐like peptide‐1 receptor agonists for the treatment of type 2 diabetes mellitus in patients with chronic kidney disease and their renal effects

  2019cited by this paper
• Atrial Natriuretic Peptide, Heart Failure and the Heart as an Endocrine Organ.

  2019cited by this paper
• Structure-based derivation and intramolecular cyclization of peptide inhibitors from PD-1/PD-L1 complex interface as immune checkpoint blockade for breast cancer immunotherapy.

  2019cited by this paper
• Human antimicrobial peptides and cancer.

  2019cited by this paper
• Effect of icatibant on angiotensin‐converting enzyme inhibitor‐induced angioedema: A meta‐analysis of randomized controlled trials

  2019cited by this paper
• Romiplostim for the management of pediatric immune thrombocytopenia: drug development and current practice.

  2019cited by this paper
• Lugdunin amplifies innate immune responses in the skin in synergy with host- and microbiota-derived factors

  2019cited by this paper
• The heart matters: a review of incidental cardiac uptake on Ga-68 DOTA peptide PET-CT scans.

  2019cited by this paper
• Efficacy and toxicity of sorafenib in the treatment of advanced medullary thyroid carcinoma: A systematic review and meta‐analysis

  2019cited by this paper
• PeIA-5466: A novel peptide antagonist containing non-natural amino acids that selectively targets α3β2 nicotinic acetylcholine receptors.

  2019cited by this paper
• Protein Chemical Synthesis Combined with Mirror‐Image Phage Display Yields d‐Peptide EGF Ligands that Block the EGF–EGFR Interaction

  2019cited by this paper
• Oral semaglutide versus subcutaneous liraglutide and placebo in type 2 diabetes (PIONEER 4): a randomised, double-blind, phase 3a trial.

  2019cited by this paper
• Efficient Phage Display with Multiple Distinct Non‐Canonical Amino Acids Using Orthogonal Ribosome‐Mediated Genetic Code Expansion

  2019cited by this paper
• Design of Oxytocin Analogs.

  2019cited by this paper
• Antiviral peptides as promising therapeutic drugs

  2019cited by this paper
• Abaloparatide, the second generation osteoanabolic drug: Molecular mechanisms underlying its advantages over the first-in-class teriparatide.

  2019cited by this paper
• Renal tubular effects of prolonged therapy with the GLP-1 receptor agonist lixisenatide in patients with type 2 diabetes mellitus.

  2019cited by this paper
• GS-13-Final results of a multicenter, open-label phase 2 clinical trial (MYR203) to assess safety and efficacy of myrcludex B in cwith PEG-interferon Alpha 2a in patients with chronic HBV/HDV co-infection

  2019cited by this paper
• Development of Protein- and Peptide-Based HIV Entry Inhibitors Targeting gp120 or gp41

  2019cited by this paper
• Glucagon-Like Peptide-1 Receptor Agonists and Strategies To Improve Their Efficiency.

  2019cited by this paper
• A Comprehensive Review on Current Advances in Peptide Drug Development and Design

  2019cited by this paper
• Synthetic Lugdunin Analogues Reveal Essential Structural Motifs for Antimicrobial Action and Proton Translocation Capability

  2019cited by this paper
• GLP-1 Receptor Agonists and Kidney Protection

  2019cited by this paper
• Multicomponent Reaction Toolbox for Peptide Macrocyclization and Stapling.

  2019cited by this paper
• Immunogenicity of immunomodulatory, antibody-based, oncology therapeutics

  2019cited by this paper
• Bioorthogonal non-canonical amino acid tagging reveals translationally active subpopulations of the cystic fibrosis lung microbiota

  2019cited by this paper
• Antimicrobial peptide KR-32 alleviates Escherichia coli K88-induced fatty acid malabsorption by improving expression of fatty acid transporter protein 4 (FATP4)1.

  2019cited by this paper
• Identification of a peptide antagonist of the FGF1–FGFR1 signaling axis by phage display selection

  2019cited by this paper
• The Discovery and Development of Liraglutide and Semaglutide

  2019cited by this paper
• Angiotensin II in septic shock.

  2019cited by this paper
• Phase 1/2 study of fractionated dose lutetium‐177–labeled anti–prostate‐specific membrane antigen monoclonal antibody J591 (177Lu‐J591) for metastatic castration‐resistant prostate cancer

  2019cited by this paper
• Function and Distribution of a Lantipeptide in Strawberry Fusarium Wilt Disease-Suppressive Soils.

  2019cited by this paper
• Pore-forming spider venom peptides show cytotoxicity to hyperpolarized cancer cells expressing K+ channels: A lentiviral vector approach

  2019cited by this paper
• Egg White–Derived Antihypertensive Peptide IRW (Ile‐Arg‐Trp) Reduces Blood Pressure in Spontaneously Hypertensive Rats via the ACE2/Ang (1‐7)/Mas Receptor Axis

  2019cited by this paper
• The Discovery of GLP-2 and Development of Teduglutide for Short Bowel Syndrome.

  2019cited by this paper
• A Rationally Designed Peptide Antagonist of the PD-1 Signaling Pathway as an Immunomodulatory Agent for Cancer Therapy

  2019cited by this paper
• Cardiovascular functions of central corticotropin-releasing factor related peptides system.

  2019cited by this paper
• Antibodies and venom peptides: new modalities for ion channels

  2019cited by this paper
• Human cathelicidin improves colonic epithelial defenses against Salmonella typhimurium by modulating bacterial invasion, TLR4 and pro-inflammatory cytokines

  2019cited by this paper

• From venom peptides to neurotherapeutics: BmK defensins and short-chain peptides as modulators of ion channels

  2026cites this paper
• An Injectable Liposome-Hydrogel Composite for Targeted Delivery of a Non-Lactylated Peptide to Rebalance Bone Metabolism in Hyperlipidemia.

  2026cites this paper
• Comparison of In Vitro Multiple Physiological Activities of Cys–Tyr–Gly–Ser–Arg (CYGSR) Linear and Cyclic Peptides and Analysis Based on Molecular Docking

  2026cites this paper
• Holistic evaluation of particle formation induced by physical stress in liquid peptide solutions.

  2026cites this paper
• Dithiane-Alkyne Metathesis Enables Trp(C2)-Alkene-Cross-Linked Cyclic Peptides.

  2026cites this paper
• Triazole-stapled p53 mimetics as MDM2 inhibitors: structural and thermodynamic origin of enhanced binding affinity.

  2026cites this paper
• Recent advances in structural and functional diversities of cancer lncRNA-encoded peptides: current opportunities and challenges for enhancing cancer diagnosis and treatment

  2026cites this paper
• Oral delivery of liraglutide using CPP/hyaluronic acid-modified mesoporous silica nanoparticles: A virus-inspired strategy for intestinal absorption.

  2026cites this paper
• Orthogonal Electrochemical Amine Deprotection: Toward Sustainable Strategies for Peptide Synthesis.

  2026cites this paper
• IL2Pepscan: A machine learning framework for predicting IL-2 inducing peptides and their identification across global viral proteomes

  2026cites this paper
• DIA-MS based plasma peptidomic workflow for profiling organ-derived peptides

  2026cites this paper
• Systemic Pharmacokinetic Principles of Therapeutic Peptides.

  2026cites this paper
• Computational design and screening of novel dipeptide analogues as potent antileprotic agents against alanine racemase and ligase

  2026cites this paper
• Secondary Structure Bead-Encoded Amphiphilicity Biases Peptide Self-Assembly Prediction in MARTINI Coarse-Grained Simulations.

  2026cites this paper
• Use of homoserinyl γ-aldehyde-containing peptides in solid-phase reductive amination.

  2026cites this paper
• Synthesis of N-Betsylated Amino Acids Using Aqueous Buffered Sodium Hypochlorite Solution.

  2026cites this paper
• Peptide-Based Therapeutics in Autoimmune Diseases: Restoring Immune Balance Through Precision

  2026cites this paper
• Clusterin protects against HFpEF by inhibiting UCHL1-mediated NLRP3 deubiquitylation and inflammasome activation

  2026cites this paper
• PepEDiff: Zero-Shot Peptide Binder Design via Protein Embedding Diffusion

  2026cites this paper
• Development of a Novel Peptide-Caffeic Acid Conjugate with Enhanced Anti-Photoaging Properties: Efficacy, Transdermal Permeation, and Stability

  2026cites this paper
• Targeting the Membrane-Embedded Rhomboid Protease GlpG: A Multimodal Strategy for Inhibitor Discovery and Mechanistic Insight.

  2026cites this paper
• Biocatalytic Tetrapeptide Macrocyclization by Cryptic Penicillin-Binding Protein-Type Thioesterases.

  2026cites this paper
• Targeted Protein Degradation Strategies for Lung Cancers: Focusing on Epidermal Growth Factor Receptor

  2026cites this paper
• Bee pollen-derived peptide with dual DPP-IV Inhibition and glucose transport modulation

  2026cites this paper
• Evaluation of EB-203 as a potential treatment for non-proliferative diabetic retinopathy using a zebrafish model.

  2026cites this paper
• IUPHAR review: Pathophysiological significance of the TRPM2 ion channel as a potential target in cancer, neurological disorders, and ischemia/reperfusion injury.

  2026cites this paper
• Plant- and Microalgae-Based Biotechnological Strategies for Affordable and Non-Invasive Delivery of Antidiabetic Peptides.

  2026cites this paper
• A Systematic Benchmark for Peptide Property Prediction

  2026cites this paper
• Scaling SMILES-Based Chemical Language Models for Therapeutic Peptide Engineering

  2026cites this paper
• Unified modeling of 3D molecular generation via atomic interactions with PocketXMol.

  2026cites this paper
• Injectable Peptide Therapy: A Primer for Orthopaedic and Sports Medicine Physicians

  2026cites this paper
• The impact of bile acid sequestrants on octreotide absorption.

  2026cites this paper
• PeptiVerse: A Unified Platform for Therapeutic Peptide Property Prediction

  2026influential citation
• Antimicrobial peptides in cervical carcinogenesis: Dual roles in tumor progression and emerging therapeutic strategies.

  2026cites this paper
• Self-Stabilizing Covalent Ligand Targets Bacterial Phosphatidylethanolamine and Enhances Antibiotic Efficacy

  2026cites this paper
• From Transient to Stable: Incorporating Electrophiles in Genetically-Encoded and DNA-Encoded Libraries of Peptide-Derived Macrocycles.

  2026cites this paper
• Peptides for pain sensation and peptides for pain relief: Fighting fire with fire.

  2026cites this paper
• Integration of interpretable multi-features and multi-loss functions for multi-functional therapeutic peptide prediction via dataset construction

  2026cites this paper
• Substrate-Mimicking Peptides as MMP‑1 Inhibitors: Impact of Zinc-Binding Group Position on Ternary Complex Stability

  2026cites this paper
• A Tandem Chemical Vapor Deposition Platform for the Solvent-Free Synthesis of Polypeptide Architectures.

  2026cites this paper
• Peptide cheminformatics tools: making computational tasks accessible in peptide drug discovery.

  2026cites this paper
• Design of Co-lyophilised Ternary Insulin-Sucrose-Polymer Systems with Enhanced Amorphous Glass stability.

  2026cites this paper
• Bioactive Peptides from Natural Sources: Biological Functions, Therapeutic Potential and Applications

  2026cites this paper
• Progress and Challenges in the Biosynthesis and Chemical Synthesis of Lasso Peptides.

  2026cites this paper
• Targeting the Gut in Sepsis: Therapeutic Potential of Medical Gases.

  2026cites this paper
• The effect of peptide size on target affinity in mRNA display-derived macrocyclic peptides.

  2026cites this paper
• Bismuth Bicycles

  2026cites this paper
• Halide-Mediated Electrochemical Peptide Synthesis Applicable to Highly Sterically Hindered Amino Acids.

  2026cites this paper
• Fabrication of Peptide Drug Delivery Formulations and Its Characterization Techniques: A Review

  2026cites this paper
• Structure‐Guided Synthetic Peptide Targeting Nucleolus and Neural Progenitor Protein Nuclear Import Impairs Ribosome Biogenesis and Cancer Cell Proliferation

  2026cites this paper
• Modeling of the process of enzymatic hydrolysis of plant proteins in silico and prediction of the biological activity of the resulting peptides

  2026cites this paper
• MOTS-c attenuates cardiac dysfunction following high altitude exposure by promoting mitophagy.

  2026cites this paper
• Harnessing thia-Rh-carbenes for the enantioselective synthesis of chiral α,α-diheteroatomic carboxylic acids

  2026cites this paper
• Molecular engineering of designer diabetes therapeutics.

  2026cites this paper
• Innovative strategies for producing diabetes-friendly cereal-based products: Mechanism, Application, and Challenges

  2026cites this paper
• Ene and Epoxide Impurities in Fluorenylmethoxycarbonyl (Fmoc) α-Substituted Amino Acids: Causes of Formation, Reactivity, and Means of Minimization

  2026cites this paper
• Targeted Protein Degrader from Ginkgo to Mitigate Amyloid β-Induced Neurotoxicity.

  2026cites this paper
• A Review of Current Computational Tools for Peptide–Protein Docking

  2026cites this paper
• A Novel Peptide, HS1002, Enhances Antitumor Activity via Dual Targeting of the GnRH Receptor and Human Telomerase Reverse Transcriptase in Prostate Cancer Cells

  2026cites this paper
• Gastric-protective and antioxidant effects of fermented Pichia pastoris residue hydrolyzed peptides on alcohol-treated mice

  2026cites this paper
• Recombinant live biotherapeutics: A new frontier in peptide drug biosynthesis and precision delivery.

  2026cites this paper
• Self-Assembly of a Therapeutic Peptide Surfactant: A Small-Angle X-ray Scattering Study.

  2026cites this paper
• Stepwise enhancement of selectivity in hydrophobic charge-induction chromatography through grafted and dual-ligand systems

  2026cites this paper
• Unlocking the diagnostic potential of peptides in lateral flow assays

  2026cites this paper
• Therapeutic Peptides in Orthopaedics: Applications, Challenges, and Future Directions

  2026cites this paper
• The Current State of Research and Development for Peptide Drugs

  2026cites this paper
• Probing the Effect of α-Helical Stapling Strategies on the Inhibition of Peptide Aggregation and Amyloid Cytotoxicity.

  2026cites this paper
• PGLa and Magainin 2 Can Porate Membranes via Transient Hourglass-Shaped Toroidal Pores.

  2026cites this paper
• Scorpion Venom Neurotoxins: Molecular Diversity, Mechanisms, and Drug Scaffolds

  2026cites this paper
• SALL4-targeted therapeutic peptide PEN-FFW suppresses PD-L1 and enhances CD8⁺ T cell cytotoxicity via regulating PI3K/AKT signaling in breast cancer

  2026cites this paper
• Targeting Tumor Dormancy and Recurrence: Molecular Mechanisms and Peptide Therapeutic Delivery

  2026cites this paper
• Design and evaluation of dual-functional aptamer-peptide conjugates as a platform for targeted cancer therapy.

  2026cites this paper
• Antimicrobial peptides: natural templates for next-generation therapeutics against antimicrobial resistance

  2026cites this paper
• Synergistic anticancer effects of lipoplex-encapsulated Q7 peptide and doxorubicin against endometrial cancer cells

  2026cites this paper
• The Multifaceted Importance of Amphibians: Ecological, Biomedical, and Socio-Economic Perspectives

  2026cites this paper
• A deep learning framework (CreoPep) for target-specific design and optimization of conotoxin peptides

  2026cites this paper
• Harnessing marine bacteria-derived compounds as anti-quorum sensing agents: a spotlight on sources, mechanisms and emerging technologies.

  2026cites this paper
• Cationizing Lugdunin through Trp3 Hydrophobic Fine-Tuning and Cationic Side Chain Engineering.

  2026cites this paper
• Characterization of the biodistribution profile of a human Dialyzable Leukocyte Extract (hDLE) by in vivo fluorescence imaging: a strategy to infer the ADME profile of complex multipeptide drugs

  2026cites this paper
• Morphology control in benzoic imine-linked polymer-drug conjugates for adaptive drug delivery and enhanced in vivo efficacy

  2026cites this paper
• A CARM1-targeted therapeutic peptide suppresses breast cancer progression both in vitro and in vivo.

  2026cites this paper
• Expanding the chemical space of peptides via biocompatible tryptophan C7-arylation.

  2026cites this paper
• High-PepBinder: A pLM-Guided Latent Diffusion Framework for Affinity-Aware Target-Specific Peptide Design

  2026cites this paper
• A Urinary Peptide From Complement Factor B Alleviates Diabetic Renal Fibrosis by Inhibiting the HIF‐1α‐Driven Glycolysis Pathway

  2026cites this paper
• Design of a bispecific peptide-nanozyme conjugate for cancer immunotherapy.

  2026cites this paper
• Molecular Mechanisms of Liraglutide Aggregation Induced by Dual Air-Water and Silicone-Oil-Water Interfacial Stress.

  2026cites this paper
• In Silico Identification of Antiviral Peptides as Potential Leads Against Sudan Ebolavirus VP‐40

  2026cites this paper
• Peptide and Drug‐Protected Gold Nanoclusters as Promising Biomaterials: Synthesis, Properties, and Applications

  2026cites this paper
• Exploring the Pain-Relieving Potential: Unveiling Antinociceptive Properties in Animal Venoms and Toxins.

  2026cites this paper
• Asymmetric Mannich Reaction of α-(2-Nitrophenylsulfenyl)imino Acetamide: A Cyclization-Driven Process

  2026cites this paper
• Heterologous expression and functional characterization of novel microcin B17 congeners from environmental Pseudomonas isolates

  2026cites this paper
• Current insights into the application of bacterial small RNAs in combating multidrug-resistant pathogens

  2026cites this paper
• Advanced molecularly imprinted polymers for disease treatment via targeting molecular abnormalities: Promises and challenges

  2026cites this paper
• Genetically Encoded Multivalent Elastin-Like Polypeptide-Haemadin Fusion Proteins for Prolonged Antithrombotic Protection.

  2026cites this paper
• The Peptide Revolution in Autoimmune Disease: Mechanisms, Clinical Evidence, and Translational Potential

  2026cites this paper
• Artificial intelligence in biologic drug discovery: A review of methodological evolution and therapeutic applications

  2026cites this paper
• Gut microbiome-based strategies for HIV prevention and therapy, current challenges and future prospects

  2026cites this paper
• Continuous Evolution of Calmodulin for High-Purity Separation of Rare Earth Elements.

  2026cites this paper
• Bioactive Peptides from Caudate Amphibians: Synthesis and Assessment of Antioxidant and Antimicrobial Activities.

  2026cites this paper
• A dimer peptide ligand of vascular endothelial growth factor slows the progression of human gastric tumors in mouse xenografts

  2026cites this paper