Molecular Biology and Diversification of Human Retroviruses

Studies of retroviruses have led to many extraordinary discoveries that have advanced our understanding of not only human diseases, but also molecular biology as a whole. The most recognizable human retrovirus, human immunodeficiency virus type 1 (HIV-1), is the causative agent of the global AIDS epidemic and has been extensively studied. Other human retroviruses, such as human immunodeficiency virus type 2 (HIV-2) and human T-cell leukemia virus type 1 (HTLV-1), have received less attention, and many of the assumptions about the replication and biology of these viruses are based on knowledge of HIV-1. Existing comparative studies on human retroviruses, however, have revealed that key differences between these viruses exist that affect evolution, diversification, and potentially pathogenicity. In this review, we examine current insights on disparities in the replication of pathogenic human retroviruses, with a particular focus on the determinants of structural and genetic diversity amongst HIVs and HTLV.

• Publication year

  2022

• Venue

  Frontiers in Virology

• Publication date

  2022-06-02

• Fields of study

  Biology, Medicine

• Identifiers
  DOI 10.3389/fviro.2022.872599PMID 35783361PMCID PMC9242851
• External record

  Open on Semantic Scholar

• Source metadata

  Semantic Scholar, PubMed

• No claims are published for this paper.

• No concepts are published for this paper.

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