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Stiffness transitions in new walls post-cell division differ between Marchantia polymorpha gemmae and Arabidopsis thaliana leaves

Alessandra Bonfanti,Euan T Smithers,M. Bourdon,Alex Guyon,Philip Carella,Ross Carter,R. Wightman,S. Schornack,Henrik Jönsson,Sarah Robinson

Published 2023 in Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America

ABSTRACT

Significance During morphogenesis, plant cells divide and undergo significant shape changes. The mechanical properties of the cell wall during these two processes are important for plant morphogenesis. We introduce a systematic method to map cell wall age and growth to its bulk elasticity. We demonstrate that the stiffness of the wall correlates with their growth and that the new walls in Marchantia polymorpha gemmae become transiently stiffer and slower-growing compared to the older walls, a phenomenon not seen in Arabidopsis thaliana leaves. Using computational modeling, we were able to link the properties of the new walls to a local cell shape change in the two species—junction angle between the new and the old walls.

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