Lipopolysaccharide Inhibits Long Term Potentiation in the Rat Dentate Gyrus by Activating Caspase-1*

E. Vereker,V. Campbell,Elizabeth Roche,Edel McEntee,M. Lynch

Published 2000 in Journal of Biological Chemistry

ABSTRACT

Lipopolysaccharide, a component of the cell wall of Gram-negative bacteria, may be responsible for at least some of the pathophysiological sequelae of bacterial infections, probably by inducing an increase in interleukin-1β (IL-1β) concentration. We report that intraperitoneal injection of lipopolysaccharide increased hippocampal caspase-1 activity and IL-1β concentration; these changes were associated with increased activity of the stress-activated kinase c-Jun NH2-terminal kinase, decreased glutamate release, and impaired long term potentiation. The degenerative changes in hippocampus and entorhinal cortical neurones were consistent with apoptosis because translocation of cytochromec and poly(ADP-ribose) polymerase cleavage were increased. Inhibition of caspase-1 blocked these changes, suggesting that IL-1β mediated the lipopolysaccharide-induced changes.

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