Cardiac enhancers: Gateway to the regulatory mechanisms of heart regeneration.

The adult mammalian heart has limited regenerative capacity. Cardiac injury, such as a myocardial infarction (MI), leads to permanent scarring and impaired heart function. In contrast, neonatal mice and zebrafish possess the ability to repair injured hearts. Cardiac regeneration is driven by profound transcriptional changes, which are controlled by gene regulatory elements, such as tissue regeneration enhancer elements (TREEs). Here, we review recent studies on cardiac injury/regeneration enhancers across species. We further explore regulatory mechanisms governing TREE activities and their associated binding regulators. We also discuss the potential of TREE engineering and how these enhancers can be utilized for heart repair. Decoding the regulatory logic of cardiac regeneration enhancers presents a promising avenue for understanding heart regeneration and advancing therapeutic strategies for heart failure.

• Publication year

  2025

• Venue

  Seminars in Cell and Developmental Biology

• Publication date

  2025-04-10

• Fields of study

  Biology, Medicine, Engineering

• Identifiers
  DOI 10.1016/j.semcdb.2025.103610PMID 40215762PMCID PMC12064385
• External record

  Open on Semantic Scholar

• Source metadata

  Semantic Scholar, PubMed

• No claims are published for this paper.

• No concepts are published for this paper.

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