Advances of Peptides for Plant Immunity

Plant peptides, as key signaling molecules, play pivotal roles in plant growth, development, and stress responses. This review focuses on research progress in plant peptides involved in plant immunity, providing a detailed classification of immunity-related plant polypeptides, including small post-translationally modified peptides, cysteine-rich peptides, and non-cysteine-rich peptides. It discusses the mechanisms by which plant polypeptides confer disease resistance, such as their involvement in pattern-triggered immunity (PTI), effector-triggered immunity (ETI), and regulation of hormone-mediated defense pathways. Furthermore, it explores potential agricultural applications of plant polypeptides, including the development of novel biopesticides and enhancement of crop disease resistance via genetic engineering. By summarizing current research, this review aims to provide a theoretical basis for in-depth studies on peptide-mediated disease resistance and offer innovative insights for plant disease control.

• Publication year

  2025

• Venue

  Plants

• Publication date

  2025-08-01

• Fields of study

  Agricultural and Food Sciences, Medicine, Biology

• Identifiers
  DOI 10.3390/plants14152452PMID 40805801PMCID 12349381
• External record

  Open on Semantic Scholar

• Source metadata

  Semantic Scholar, PubMed

• No claims are published for this paper.

• No concepts are published for this paper.

• Signaling peptides control beneficial and pathogenic plant-microbe interactions.

  2025cited by this paper
• Combination of PAMP-induced peptide signaling and its regulator SpWRKY65 boosts tomato resistance to Phytophthora infestans.

  2025cited by this paper
• Jasmonate Responsive SlnsLTP Confers Resistance Against Botrytis cinerea and Verticillium dahliae in Tomato

  2025cited by this paper
• The Small Key to the Treasure Chest: Endogenous Plant Peptides Involved in Symbiotic Interactions

  2025cited by this paper
• High‐permeability cellulose nanocrystals mediate systemic zinc redistribution through nsLTP2‐dependent immune potentiation in plants

  2025cited by this paper
• Progress in the classification, optimization, activity, and application of antimicrobial peptides

  2025cited by this paper
• Comparative analysis of rapid alkalinization factor peptide-triggered plant immunity in citrus and closely related species.

  2025cited by this paper
• NbTLP1 stabilizes NbPR1 to enhance resistance against Phytophthora capsici via salicylic acid signalling pathway in Nicotiana benthamiana

  2025cited by this paper
• Targeted MYC2 stabilization confers citrus Huanglongbing resistance.

  2025cited by this paper
• SERKs serve as co-receptors for SYR1 to trigger systemin-mediated defense responses in tomato.

  2024cited by this paper
• Antimicrobial peptides: Opportunities and challenges in overcoming resistance.

  2024cited by this paper
• Genome-wide investigation of defensin genes in apple (Malus×domestica Borkh.) and in vivo analyses reveal that MdDEF25 confers resistance to Fusarium solani

  2024cited by this paper
• CEP signaling coordinates plant immunity with nitrogen status

  2024cited by this paper
• Sulfated peptides: key players in plant development, growth, and stress responses

  2024cited by this paper
• The pathogen-induced peptide CEP14 is perceived by the receptor-like kinase CEPR2 to promote systemic disease resistance in Arabidopsis.

  2024cited by this paper
• Unraveling the role of antimicrobial peptides in plant resistance against phytopathogens

  2024cited by this paper
• Investigation on the Potential Functions of ZmEPF/EPFL Family Members in Response to Abiotic Stress in Maize

  2024influential reference
• Secreted Peptide SpPIP1 Modulates Disease Resistance and Salt Tolerance in Tomato.

  2023cited by this paper
• Brt9SIDA/IDALs as peptide signals mediate diverse biological pathways in plants.

  2023cited by this paper
• Ubiquitylation of PHYTOSULFOKINE RECEPTOR 1 modulates the defense response in tomato.

  2023cited by this paper
• INTRINSICALLY DISORDERED PROSYSTEMIN DISCLOSES BIOLOGICALLY ACTIVE REPEAT MOTIFS.

  2023cited by this paper
• CEP hormones at the nexus of nutrient acquisition and allocation, root development, and plant–microbe interactions

  2023cited by this paper
• The Role of CLE Peptides in the Suppression of Mycorrhizal Colonization of Tomato

  2023cited by this paper
• RALF22 promotes plant immunity and amplifies Pep3 immune signal.

  2023cited by this paper
• Application of antimicrobial peptides in plant protection: making use of the overlooked merits

  2023cited by this paper
• HSL1 and BAM1/2 impact epidermal cell development by sensing distinct signaling peptides

  2022cited by this paper
• Phytosulfokine peptide optimizes plant growth and defense via glutamine synthetase GS2 phosphorylation in tomato

  2022cited by this paper
• CEP peptide induces susceptibility of Arabidopsis thaliana to non-adapted pathogens

  2022cited by this paper
• Peptide ligand-mediated trade-off between plant growth and stress response

  2022cited by this paper
• Phytocytokine signalling reopens stomata in plant immunity and water loss

  2022cited by this paper
• Correction to: lncRNA7 and lncRNA2 modulate cell wall defense genes to regulate cotton resistance to Verticillium wilt.

  2022cited by this paper
• CLE42 Delays Leaf Senescence by Antagonizing Ethylene Pathway in Arabidopsis

  2022cited by this paper
• Cotton long non-coding RNAs regulate cell wall defense genes and strengthen resistance to Verticillium wilt.

  2022cited by this paper
• Plant elicitor peptide signalling confers rice resistance to piercing‐sucking insect herbivores and pathogens

  2022cited by this paper
• The Arabidopsis MIK2 receptor elicits immunity by sensing a conserved signature from phytocytokines and microbes

  2021cited by this paper
• CLE14 functions as a "brake signal" suppressing age-dependent and stress-induced leaf senescence through promoting JUB1-mediated ROS scavenge in Arabidopsis.

  2021cited by this paper
• Pathogen- and plant-derived peptides trigger plant immunity.

  2021cited by this paper
• Expression of antimicrobial peptide snakin-1 confers effective protection in rice against sheath blight pathogen, Rhizoctonia solani

  2021cited by this paper
• PTI-ETI crosstalk: an integrative view of plant immunity.

  2021cited by this paper
• Systemin-mediated long-distance systemic defense responses.

  2020cited by this paper
• Mutations of two FERONIA-like receptor genes enhance rice blast resistance without growth penalty

  2020cited by this paper
• Antimicrobial activity and mechanism of peptide CM4 against Pseudomonas aeruginosa.

  2020cited by this paper
• Potato Snakin-1: an antimicrobial player of the trade-off between host defense and development

  2020cited by this paper
• The LRXs-RALFs-FER module controls plant growth and salt stress responses by modulating multiple plant hormones

  2020cited by this paper
• RALF–FERONIA Signaling: Linking Plant Immune Response with Cell Growth

  2020cited by this paper
• Damage Assessment and Progressive Collapse Resistance of a Long-Span Prestressed Double-Layer Composite Torsional Reticulated Shell

  2020cited by this paper
• Peptide signaling for drought-induced tomato flower drop

  2020cited by this paper
• Nematode-encoded RALF Peptide Mimics Facilitate Parasitism of Plants through the FERONIA Receptor Kinase.

  2020cited by this paper
• PAMP-INDUCED SECRETED PEPTIDE 3 modulates immunity in Arabidopsis

  2020cited by this paper
• PAMP-INDUCED SECRETED PEPTIDE 3 (PIP3) modulates immunity in Arabidopsis thaliana.

  2019cited by this paper
• The antimicrobial peptide thanatin disrupts the bacterial outer membrane and inactivates the NDM-1 metallo-β-lactamase

  2019cited by this paper
• A dual function of the IDA peptide in regulating cell separation and modulating plant immunity at the molecular level

  2019cited by this paper
• Identification of the phytosulfokine receptor 1 (OsPSKR1) confers resistance to bacterial leaf streak in rice

  2019cited by this paper
• The plant-based chimeric antimicrobial protein SlP14a-PPC20 protects tomato against bacterial wilt disease caused by Ralstonia solanacearum.

  2019cited by this paper
• The SCOOP12 peptide regulates defense response and root elongation in Arabidopsis thaliana

  2019cited by this paper
• Identification of endogenous small peptides involved in rice immunity through transcriptomics‐ and proteomics‐based screening

  2019cited by this paper
• Antimicrobial Peptides (AMPs): Roles, Functions and Mechanism of Action

  2019cited by this paper
• Genome-Wide Identification of Medicago Peptides Involved in Macronutrient Responses and Nodulation

  2018cited by this paper
• An apoplastic peptide activates salicylic acid signalling in maize

  2018cited by this paper
• Plant elicitor peptides promote plant defences against nematodes in soybean.

  2018cited by this paper
• A Plant Phytosulfokine Peptide Initiates Auxin-Dependent Immunity through Cytosolic Ca2+ Signaling in Tomato[OPEN]

  2018cited by this paper
• FERONIA Receptor Kinase Contributes to Plant Immunity by Suppressing Jasmonic Acid Signaling in Arabidopsis thaliana.

  2018cited by this paper
• Pse-T2, an Antimicrobial Peptide with High-Level, Broad-Spectrum Antimicrobial Potency and Skin Biocompatibility against Multidrug-Resistant Pseudomonas aeruginosa Infection

  2018cited by this paper
• Leucine-rich repeat extensin proteins regulate plant salt tolerance in Arabidopsis

  2018cited by this paper
• IDL6‐HAE/HSL2 impacts pectin degradation and resistance to Pseudomonas syringae pv tomato DC3000 in Arabidopsis leaves

  2017cited by this paper
• Genome-Wide Identification of Medicago Peptides Involved in Macronutrient Responses and Nodulation1[OPEN]

  2017cited by this paper
• The IDA-LIKE peptides IDL6 and IDL7 are negative modulators of stress responses in Arabidopsis thaliana

  2017cited by this paper
• The Arabidopsis defensin gene, AtPDF1.1, mediates defence against Pectobacterium carotovorum subsp. carotovorum via an iron-withholding defence system

  2017cited by this paper
• Fungal phytopathogens encode functional homologues of plant rapid alkalinization factor (RALF) peptides.

  2017cited by this paper
• Mechanistic insight into a peptide hormone signaling complex mediating floral organ abscission

  2016cited by this paper
• Antimicrobial peptide melittin against Xanthomonas oryzae pv. oryzae, the bacterial leaf blight pathogen in rice

  2016cited by this paper
• A fungal pathogen secretes plant alkalinizing peptides to increase infection

  2016cited by this paper
• Precursor processing for plant peptide hormone maturation by subtilisin-like serine proteinases

  2016cited by this paper
• FERONIA interacts with ABI2-type phosphatases to facilitate signaling cross-talk between abscisic acid and RALF peptide in Arabidopsis

  2016cited by this paper
• Antimicrobial peptides.

  2016cited by this paper
• Inducible Expression of the De-Novo Designed Antimicrobial Peptide SP1-1 in Tomato Confers Resistance to Xanthomonas campestris pv. vesicatoria

  2016cited by this paper
• The Plant Peptidome: An Expanding Repertoire of Structural Features and Biological Functions[OPEN]

  2015cited by this paper
• The IDA/IDA-LIKE and PIP/PIP-LIKE gene families in Arabidopsis: phylogenetic relationship, expression patterns, and transcriptional effect of the PIPL3 peptide

  2015cited by this paper
• The role of thionins in rice defence against root pathogens.

  2015cited by this paper
• Diversification of the C-TERMINALLY ENCODED PEPTIDE (CEP) gene family in angiosperms, and evolution of plant-family specific CEP genes

  2014cited by this paper
• The Secreted Peptide PIP1 Amplifies Immunity through Receptor-Like Kinase 7

  2014cited by this paper
• Antifungal Plant Defensins: Mechanisms of Action and Production

  2014influential reference
• Prosystemin Overexpression in Tomato Enhances Resistance to Different Biotic Stresses by Activating Genes of Multiple Signaling Pathways

  2014cited by this paper
• Hydroxyproline-rich glycopeptide signals in potato elicit signalling associated with defense against insects and pathogens.

  2013cited by this paper
• Antimicrobial Peptides

  2013cited by this paper
• Message in a bottle: small signalling peptide outputs during growth and development.

  2013cited by this paper
• Evolutionary Relationship and Structural Characterization of the EPF/EPFL Gene Family

  2013cited by this paper
• The tyrosine-sulfated peptide receptors PSKR1 and PSY1R modify the immunity of Arabidopsis to biotrophic and necrotrophic pathogens in an antagonistic manner.

  2013cited by this paper
• Hormonal modulation of plant immunity.

  2012influential reference
• The peptide growth factor, phytosulfokine, attenuates pattern-triggered immunity.

  2012cited by this paper
• A putative nuclear CLE-like (CLEL) peptide precursor regulates root growth in Arabidopsis.

  2012cited by this paper
• Systemin, hydroxyproline-rich systemin and the induction of protease inhibitors.

  2011cited by this paper
• The Function of the CLE Peptides in Plant Development and Plant-Microbe Interactions

  2011influential reference
• A novel antimicrobial protein for plant protection consisting of a Xanthomonas oryzae harpin and active domains of cecropin A and melittin

  2011cited by this paper
• PEPR2 Is a Second Receptor for the Pep1 and Pep2 Peptides and Contributes to Defense Responses in Arabidopsis[W]

  2010cited by this paper
• Faculty Opinions recommendation of PEPR2 is a second receptor for the Pep1 and Pep2 peptides and contributes to defense responses in Arabidopsis .

  2010cited by this paper
• Antimicrobial peptaibols induce defense responses and systemic resistance in tobacco against tobacco mosaic virus.

  2010cited by this paper
• Plant Peptides Govern Terminal Differentiation of Bacteria in Symbiosis

  2010cited by this paper
• Dual roles for the variable domain in protein trafficking and host-specific recognition of Heterodera glycines CLE effector proteins.

  2010cited by this paper
• Structural and functional diversity of CLAVATA3/ESR (CLE)-like genes from the potato cyst nematode Globodera rostochiensis.

  2009cited by this paper

• Phytocytokines: Key regulators of plant immunity and emerging tools for sustainable agriculture

  2025cites this paper