Maternal exposure to N, N-dimethylformamide impairs primordial follicle assembly, follicular development, and oocyte maturation in female offspring.

N,N-dimethylformamide (DMF) is extensively utilized as an industrial solvent, with its emissions posing a significant air pollution concern. While the liver and gastrointestinal tract are the primary organs affected by DMF, it also exhibits reproductive toxicity in females. The potential intergenerational impact of maternal DMF exposure on oocyte development and maturation remain largely uninvestigated. This study demonstrates that maternal DMF exposure administered at doses of 200 and 400 milligram per kilogram body weight per day adversely influences oogenesis in female progeny, impairing primordial follicle assembly and disrupting the expression of genes and proteins involved in primordial folliculogenesis within the offspring's ovaries. Additionally, it compromises follicular development by inhibiting granulosa cell proliferation, glycolysis and inducing apoptosis in these cells. The regulation of genes and proteins associated with oocyte growth is markedly altered in the ovaries of female offspring. Furthermore, maternal DMF exposure results in mitochondrial dysfunction and the accumulation of reactive oxygen species in germinal vesicle oocytes. The maturation of oocytes is significantly affected, evidenced by reduced rates of germinal vesicle breakdown and polar body extrusion, alongside abnormal spindle structure and chromosome alignment in MII stage oocytes. These findings collectively establish that maternal DMF exposure exerts intergenerational toxic effects on oogenesis and oocyte maturation in female offspring.

• Publication year

  2025

• Venue

  Journal of Environmental Science

• Publication date

  2025-09-01

• Fields of study

  Medicine, Environmental Science

• Identifiers
  DOI 10.1016/j.jes.2025.09.049PMID 41765525
• External record

  Open on Semantic Scholar

• Source metadata

  Semantic Scholar

• No claims are published for this paper.

• No concepts are published for this paper.

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