Lipid droplet on the move: remodeling, trafficking and interaction with other organelles.

Lipid droplets (LDs) are subcellular organelles consisting of a neutral lipid core surrounded by a monolayered membrane and a protein coat. Recent literature suggests that LDs play a central role in carbon and energy homeostasis, which is particularly important for adapting to a fluctuating environment or changing metabolic status. This is achieved partly thanks to: i) the large repertoire of proteins associated with LDs; ii) the ability of LDs to modulate their size, as well as their protein and lipid constituents; iii) the mobility of LDs, which act as carriers for the transport of cellular materials; iv) the dynamic nature of LDs in connecting to or disconnecting from other organelles (e.g. peroxisomes, mitochondria or autophagosomes) in response to cellular needs. Here, we first provide a comparative overview of LD biogenesis and turnover in mammalian, yeast, and photosynthetic organisms (plants and microalgae). We focus particularly on how cells regulate the size and composition of LD proteins and lipids in response to metabolic and environmental cues, and how LDs are mobilized and trafficked within the cell.

• Publication year

  2025

• Venue

  Journal of Experimental Botany

• Publication date

  2025-11-13

• Fields of study

  Biology, Medicine

• Identifiers
  DOI 10.1093/jxb/eraf501PMID 41229314
• External record

  Open on Semantic Scholar

• Source metadata

  Semantic Scholar, PubMed

• No claims are published for this paper.

• No concepts are published for this paper.

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