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Enhanced organic waste degradation through enzymatic synergy of Serratia and Stenotrophomonas

Y. Ho,Jia Juin Yaw,Jun Kit Mah,K. Ee,M. Lam

Published 2025 in Asia-Pacific Journal of Molecular Biology and Biotechnology

ABSTRACT

Food and agricultural waste management remains a critical challenge in Malaysia due to the reliance on unsustainable waste management approaches like landfilling and incineration, which contributes to greenhouse gas emissions and pose public health risks. Composting offers a more sustainable alternative for degrading complex organic waste, particularly lignocellulolytic waste rich in cellulose, hemicellulose, and lignin, as well as proteinaceous waste. Its efficiency, however, can be enhanced via utilisation of tailored bacterial consortium. These consortia perform synergistic interaction broadens their enzymatic spectrum, thereby enhances the overall degradation performance. Nevertheless, the development of effective consortia is often hindered by species compatibility, and enzymatic efficiencies. In this research, two bacterial strains, designed as Serratia sp. EC4 and Stenotrophomonas sp. EB1 were isolated from mixture of organic waste and identified via 16S rRNA gene analysis. Their compatibility and characteristic were evaluated for consortium development and performance assessment under solid-state fermentation. The co-culture of Serratia sp. EC4 and Stenotrophomonas sp. EB1 exhibits substantially higher enzymatic activity than their respective monocultures with proteolytic activity increased by 1220.51% for EC4 and 36847.60% for EB1. Xylanase activity increased by 183.75% for EC4 and 677.41% for EB1, endoglucanase activity increased by 107.18% for EC4 and 162.02% for EB1, exoglucanase activity increased by 205.76% for EC4 and 179.86% for EB1, and ligninase activity increased by 43.74% for EC4 and 40.95% for EB1. These findings highlight the potential of microbial consortium to enhance enzymatic diversity and degradation efficiency, providing a scalable and sustainable alternative for organic waste management.

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